KAIS 2007 1 - Kenya National AIDS & STI Control Programme ...

HIV prevalence among adults who reported medical injections in the year before the survey (9.2%)was significantly higher than among adults who did not (6.0%). This significant difference also wasobserved for both women and men separately (9.9% vs. 7.4% for women and 7.7% vs. 4.5% for men,respectively).Caution should be used in interpreting these findings. The 2007 KAIS data are based on cross‐sectionaldata for which causality cannot be inferred. Further, possible confounders, such as self‐reportedknowledge of HIV infection, may have biased this association and were not adjusted for in thisanalysis. Notably, HIV‐infected persons tend to have more illness than HIV‐uninfected persons andtherefore may be more likely to receive injections as part of their medical care for HIV. In the 2007KAIS, respondents who knew they were HIV‐infected based on their last test result were significantlymore likely to receive four or more injections in the year prior to the survey compared to persons whobelieved themselves to be HIV‐uninfected based on their last HIV test (49.6% vs. 29.1%, respectively).KAIS 2007 177