Mplus Users Guide v6.. - Muthén & Muthén

TITLE, DATA, VARIABLE, And DEFINE CommandsTWO-LEVEL MODELSThere are two options specific to multilevel models. They are WITHINand BETWEEN. Variables identified using the WITHIN andBETWEEN options can be variables from the NAMES statement of theVARIABLE command and variables created using the DEFINEcommand and the DATA transformation commands.WITHINThe WITHIN option is used with TYPE=TWOLEVEL to identify thevariables in the data set that are measured on the individual level andmodeled only on the within level. They are specified to have novariance in the between part of the model. The WITHIN option isspecified as follows:WITHIN = y1 y2 x1;where y1, y2, and x1 are variables measured on the individual-level(within).Individual-level variables that are not mentioned using the WITHINoption can be used on both the within and between levels.BETWEENThe BETWEEN option is used with TYPE=TWOLEVEL to identify thevariables in the data set that are measured on the cluster level andmodeled only on the between level. The BETWEEN option is specifiedas follows:BETWEEN = z1 z2 x1;where z1, z2, and x1 are variables measured on the cluster level(between).The BETWEEN option is also used to identify between-level categoricallatent variables.509