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Mplus Users Guide v6.. - Muthén & Muthén

Mplus Users Guide v6.. - Muthén & Muthén

Mplus Users Guide v6.. - Muthén & Muthén

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CHAPTER 16BOOTSTRAPThe BOOTSTRAP option is used to request bootstrapping and to specifythe type of bootstrapping and the number of bootstrap draws to be usedin the computation. Two types of bootstrapping are available, standardand residual (Bollen & Stine, 1992; Efron & Tibshirani, 1993; Enders,2002). Residual bootstrap is the Bollen-Stine bootstrap. TheBOOTSTRAP option requires individual data.Standard bootstrapping is available for the ML, WLS, WLSM,WLSMV, ULS, and GLS estimators. The reason that it is not availablefor MLR, MLF, MLM, and MLMV is that parameter estimates andbootstrap standard errors for these estimators do not differ from those ofML. Standard bootstrapping is not available for TYPE=RANDOM,TWOLEVEL, COMPLEX, or EFA; ALGORITHM=INTEGRATION; orin conjunction with the MONTECARLO command.Residual bootstrapping is available only for continuous outcomes usingmaximum likelihood estimation. In addition to the restrictions forstandard bootstrapping listed above, residual bootstrapping is notavailable for TYPE=MIXTURE.When the BOOTSTRAP option is used alone, bootstrap standard errorsof the model parameter estimates are obtained for standard bootstrappingand bootstrap standard errors of the model parameter estimates and thechi-square p-value are obtained for residual bootstrapping. When theBOOTSTRAP option is used in conjunction with the CINTERVALoption of the OUTPUT command, bootstrap standard errors of the modelparameter estimates and either symmetric, bootstrap, or bias-correctedbootstrap confidence intervals for the model parameter estimates can beobtained. The BOOTSTRAP option can be used in conjunction with theMODEL INDIRECT command to obtain bootstrap standard errors forindirect effects. When both MODEL INDIRECT and CINTERVAL areused, bootstrap standard errors and either symmetric, bootstrap, or biascorrectedbootstrap confidence intervals are obtained for the indirecteffects.The BOOTSTRAP option for standard bootstrapping is specified asfollows:BOOTSTRAP = 500;548

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