Mplus Users Guide v6.. - Muthén & Muthén

CHAPTER 16ROTATION = TARGET (ORTHOGONAL);For TARGET rotation, a minimum number of target values must begiven for purposes of model identification. For the oblique TARGETrotation, the minimum is m(m-1) where the m is the number of factors.For the orthogonal TARGET rotation, the minimum is m(m-1)/2. Thetarget values are given in the MODEL command using the tilde (~)symbol.ROWSTANDARDIZATIONThe ROWSTANDARDIZATION option is used with exploratory factoranalysis (EFA) and when a set of EFA factors is part of the MODELcommand to request row standardization of the factor loading matrixbefore rotation. The ROWSTANDARDIZATION option has threesettings: CORRELATION, KAISER, and COVARIANCE. TheCORRELATION setting rotates a factor loading matrix derived from acorrelation matrix with no row standardization. The KAISER settingrotates a factor loading matrix derived from a correlation matrix withstandardization of the factor loadings in each row using the square rootof the sum of the squares of the factor loadings in each row (Browne,2001). The COVARIANCE setting rotates a factor loading matrixderived from a covariance matrix with no row standardization. Thedefault is CORRELATION. The COVARIANCE setting is not allowedfor TYPE=EFA. If factor loading equalities are specified in a model forEFA factors, the CORRELATION and KAISER settings are notallowed.Following is an example of how to specify row standardization using theKaiser method:ROWSTANDARDIZATION = KAISER;MODELThe MODEL option is used to make changes to the defaults of theMODEL command. The NOMEANSTRUCTURE setting is used withTYPE=GENERAL to specify that means, intercepts, and thresholds arenot included in the analysis model. The NOCOVARIANCES settingspecifies that the covariances and residual covariances among all latentand observed variables in the analysis model are fixed at zero. The540