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Mplus Users Guide v6.. - Muthén & Muthén

Mplus Users Guide v6.. - Muthén & Muthén

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CHAPTER 17PON, the number of variables on the left-hand side of the PON statementmust equal the number of variables on the right-hand side of the PONstatement. For example,y2 y3 y4 PON y1 y2 y3;impliesy2 ON y1;y3 ON y2;y4 ON y3;The PON option cannot be used with the simplified language forcategorical latent variables or unordered categorical (nominal) observedvariables.WITHThe WITH option is used to describe correlational relationships in amodel and is short for correlated with. Correlational relationshipsinclude covariances among continuous observed variables andcontinuous latent variables and among categorical latent variables. Withthe weighted least squares estimator, correlational relationships are alsoallowed for binary, ordered categorical, and censored observedvariables. For all other variable types, the WITH option cannot be usedto specify correlational relationships. Special modeling needs to be usedin these situations, for example, using a latent variable that influencesboth variables.The NOCOVARIANCES setting of the MODEL option of theANALYSIS command specifies that the covariances and residualcovariances among all latent and observed variables in the analysismodel are fixed at zero. The WITH option can be used to free selectedcovariances and residual covariances.Following is an example of how to specify the WITH option:f1 WITH f2;This statement frees the covariance parameter for the continuous latentvariables f1 and f2.582

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