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Mplus Users Guide v6.. - Muthén & Muthén

Mplus Users Guide v6.. - Muthén & Muthén

Mplus Users Guide v6.. - Muthén & Muthén

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MODEL CommandTHE MODEL INDIRECT COMMANDThe MODEL INDIRECT command is used to request indirect effectsand their standard errors. Indirect effects are available only forcontinuous, binary, and ordered categorical (ordinal) outcomes. TheMODEL INDIRECT command is not available for TYPE=RANDOM,ALGORITHM=INTEGRATION, the CONSTRAINT option of theVARIABLE command, and TYPE=EFA.Delta method standard errors for the indirect effects are computed as thedefault. Bootstrap standard errors for the indirect effects can beobtained by using the MODEL INDIRECT command in conjunctionwith the BOOTSTRAP option of the ANALYSIS command.The MODEL INDIRECT command can be used in conjunction with theSTANDARDIZED option of the OUTPUT command to obtainstandardized indirect effects. Standard errors are available for thestandardized indirect effects when the BOOTSTRAP option is used.MODEL INDIRECT can also be used in conjunction with theCINTERVAL option of the OUTPUT command to obtain confidenceintervals for the indirect effects and the standardized indirect effects.Three types of 95% and 99% confidence intervals can be obtained:symmetric, bootstrap, or bias-corrected bootstrap confidence intervals(MacKinnon, Lockwood, & Williams, 2004; MacKinnon, 2008). Thebootstrapped distribution of each parameter estimate is used todetermine the bootstrap and bias-corrected bootstrap confidenceintervals. These intervals take non-normality of the parameter estimatedistribution into account. As a result, they are not necessarily symmetricaround the parameter estimate.Total, total indirect, specific indirect, and direct effects are obtainedusing the IND and VIA options of the MODEL INDIRECT command.The IND option is used to request a specific indirect effect or a set ofindirect effects. The VIA option is used to request a set of indirecteffects that includes specific mediators.613

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