Private Academies of Chinese Learning in Meiji Japan: The Decline ...
Private Academies of Chinese Learning in Meiji Japan: The Decline ...
Private Academies of Chinese Learning in Meiji Japan: The Decline ...
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LIFE AT THE JUKU 167Kumamoto Nich<strong>in</strong>ichi Sh<strong>in</strong>bunsha, 1982), 230; Oda Ōmichi, Higo noshijuku KunitomoKoshōken Ronseidō (Kumamoto: Kōno Tatsumi andOda Ōmichi, 1995), 19–26.8 Rem<strong>in</strong>iscences <strong>of</strong> his student Kawada Iwao, quoted <strong>in</strong> Kumamotokenkyōiku i<strong>in</strong>kai, ed., Kumamoto-ken kyōikushi (3 vols., Kyoto:R<strong>in</strong>sen shoten, 1975), 1:726–728.9 Shimane jur<strong>in</strong>den, 260–292; see also Chapter 6.10 Information on Fujisawa Tōgai and Nangaku and on Hakuen <strong>in</strong>Miyoshi Teiji, Osaka shiseki jiten (Osaka: Seibundō, 1986), 513, 636;Ishihama Juntarō, “Ōsaka no bunka to Hakuen”, Hakuen 1 (1962):1–3; Tsuboi Yoshimasa, “<strong>Meiji</strong>ki no Hakuengaku”, Hakuen 10 (1971):1–23, “Fujisawa no Kenshiki”, Hakuen 30 (1991):1–15.11 Details <strong>in</strong> Takebayashi Kan’ichi, Kangakusha denki shūsei (Meichōkankōkai, 1978), 1248; 1356–57.12 On Nagaku’s thought, see Tsuboi Masayoshi, “<strong>Meiji</strong>ki noHakuengaku”, Hakuen 10 (1971):1–13.13 For details on Yamada Hōkoku’s biography see Ibuki Iwagorō,YamadaHōkoku (Okayarna-ken Takahashi: Junsei kōtō gakkōseimeikai, 1930); Yamada Taku, Yamada Hōkoku, Mishima Chūshū(Sōsho Nihon no shisōka 14; Meitoku shuppansha 1977); AsamoriKaname, Bichū seij<strong>in</strong> YamadaHōkoku (Okayama: San’yōsh<strong>in</strong>bunsha, 1995); see also Chapter 6.14 Asamori, Bichū seij<strong>in</strong>, 254.15 <strong>The</strong>re is conflict<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong>formation on when exactly he opened hisjuku, but 1868 seems the most likely; Asamori, 238.16 Unless otherwise stated, the follow<strong>in</strong>g biographical details arefrom Sakaguchi Chikubo, Shōden Hayashi Kakuryō, 3 vols (Machida:published by the author, 1978–80).17 Shidan sokkiroku 77 (1899):48–59; 55–56.18 Details <strong>of</strong> the juku <strong>in</strong> the application <strong>of</strong> 1871, Tōkyō kyōiku shiryōtaikei, 1: 410–411.19 For a detailed biography <strong>of</strong> Oka Senj<strong>in</strong> see Uno Ryōsuke, KamonOkaSenj<strong>in</strong> no shōgai (Sendai: Oka Hiroshi, 1975). Most <strong>of</strong> the<strong>in</strong>formation on his life until the beg<strong>in</strong>n<strong>in</strong>g <strong>of</strong> <strong>Meiji</strong> is based on Oka’smemoirs, Zaiokuwaki, 2 vols (Chūō kōronsha, 1980).20 His travels <strong>in</strong> Ch<strong>in</strong>a and kanbun travelogue are discussed byJoshua A. Fogel, <strong>The</strong> Literature <strong>of</strong> Travel<strong>in</strong> the <strong>Japan</strong>ese Rediscovery <strong>of</strong>Ch<strong>in</strong>a 1862–1945 (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1996), 72–83.21 Iwai Tadakuma, “Shigeno Yasutsugu”, <strong>in</strong> Nagahara Keiji, KanoMasanao, ed., Nihon no rekishika (Nihon hyōronsha, 1976), 3; otherbiographical material on Shigeno <strong>in</strong> Shigeno hakushi shigakuronbunshū, ed. Ōkubo Toshiaki, Vol.4 (supplementary vol.),(Meichō fukyūkai, 1989).
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