Final Report - Asian Development Bank

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14 Main <strong>Report</strong> I. THE PROPOSAL 1. I submit for your approval the following report and recommendation on (i) a proposed loan to the Peoples Republic of China for the Shaanxi Qinling Mountain Integrated Ecological Management Project, and (ii) proposed technical assistance (TA) for Establishment of Shaanxi Qinling Biodiversity Promotions Limited.
II. RATIONALE: SECTOR PERFORMANCE, PROBLEMS, AND OPPORTUNITIES A. Performance Indicators and Analysis 1. Shaanxi Province is part of western China. The rate of economic growth in western China has lagged that in the eastern provinces. Shaanxi grew at an average of 7.5% from 1990 to 2000 compared with a national average of 10 to 11%. When coupled with population growth, GDP/capita falls from 75% of the national average to less than 60%. Since 2000 Shaanxi has seen higher growth rates that are equal to or above the national average as a result of China’s western development strategy under the country’s Tenth Five-Tear Plan. From 2000 to 2005 Shaanxi’s GDP grew on average at 11.5% per annum, increasing the GDP/capita to 63% of the national average. Among the 31 provinces, autonomous regions and independent municipalities in China, Shaanxi currently ranks 16th in terms of population size, 22nd in terms of the size of the economy and production base (as measured by GDP and industrial production), and 26th with respect to GDP/capita 1 . Shaanxi is home to about 2.8% to the country’s population, contributes 1.8% to its GDP, and has a land area of 206,000 sq. km. (2.1% of the nation’s total). 2. Shaanxi’s economy is limited by (i) continued dependence on primary sector production, (ii) limited off-farm employment in rural areas, (iii) below average productivity, (iv) low levels of industrial production and limited private sector investment, (v) low savings rates to support future investment, (vi) limited local government revenue for service provision, (vii) markedly lower levels of urbanization than in other areas (40% compared with 60% in eastern provinces), and (viii) export trade amounting to only 7% of GDP (compared with 30% for PRC) and FDI inflow of 1.3% of GDP (compared with a national average of 4%). Economic development in Shaanxi has had inadequate investment, resulting in a rural dominated economy that lacks the capacity to generate sufficient output for export trade and an inability to generate paid employment. 3. The higher growth rates since 2000 result from tourism expansion due to rapid domestic tourism growth and increased infrastructure investment in Shaanxi, especially in the capital Xian. Xian city accounts for 21% of the population but produces over 40% of the province’s GDP. The poorer rural counties have GDP/capita less than 30% of the national average resulting in 55 of the 88 counties being classified as poverty counties. In 2004, the average annual income of Shaanxi urban residents was CNY5,928 ($730 equivalent) while per capita income of the rural population was CNY1,050 ($130 equivalent). Rural incomes are only 35% of the $1/day poverty criterion and approximately 50% of the average provincial income level. Low living standards and high levels of poverty are both a result of past natural resource degradation and also a cause for ongoing degradation as low incomes preclude returning cultivated land to forest, reducing and then reversing land degradation, and conserving biodiversity resources. Many countries that are classified as Poverty Counties are located in the Qinling Mountains including Zhouzhi County where the Project is located (at Louguantai). 4. Currently Shaanxi has a dual economy with strong economic growth limited to a narrow geographic location and very weak growth in the wider rural landscape,. <strong>Development</strong> occurs along the central transportation corridor that runs through Weinan, Xian, Xianyang and Baoji prefectures and links Shaanxi with Henan and Gansu provinces. The four prefectures that comprise the corridor account for about 63% of the Shaanxi population and nearly 75% of GDP. This corridor, which is dominated by Xian, has GDP per capita that is 19% above the provincial average but still 23% below the national average. Urban residents, however, have per capita income levels above the national average. This unbalanced economic and urban development structure is addressed in the Shaanxi 11th Five-Year Plan (see Appendix 4. 5. Tourism is an increasingly important contributor to the Shaanxi economy. China currently is the fourth largest tourism destination in the world and the largest destination for foreign visitors in Asia. Visitation in China overall is growing at around 7% per annum with 124 million international tourists and 1.4 billion domestic tourists in 2006. In Shaanxi Province, visitation totaled 1.06 million international tourists and 70 million domestic tourists in 2006 and generated receipts of US $5.4 1 Which is used in this document as a proxy indicator for the standard of living and consumer purchasing power at the provincial and sub-provincial levels. 15
Page 1 and 2: Technical Assistance Consultant’s
Page 3 and 4: CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS (as at 1 June
Page 5 and 6: WEIGHTS AND MEASURES 15 mu = 1 hect
Page 7 and 8: APPENDIXES (PRESENTED IN SEPARATE V
Page 9 and 10: LOAN AND PROJECT SUMMARY Borrower P
Page 11 and 12: Implementation Arrangements The Sha
Page 13 and 14: Figure 1: Map 1 - The Project Area
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Page 23 and 24: maintain ever-increasing staff leve
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Page 35 and 36: CNY 37million to CNY 64million in 2
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2 B. Supervision TA 4721-PRC: Prepa
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GEFSEC PROJECT ID: EA PROJECT ID: C
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i) Tourism 5. One of the strongest
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14. Poor rural households had few o
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and fauna due in large part to the
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31. The Qinling Mountain ecosystem
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continuing communication among stak
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development under construction, (v)
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) Objective 50. The impact of the p
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60. The current animal rescue and e
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Source (PPTA Estimates) 69. The rev
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77. Institutional Strengthening The
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awareness and understanding of mark
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92. The main risk to the Project’
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modify the drivers of biodiversity
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Expected Project National Biodivers
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Strategic Objectives and Indicative
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after 5 years. It is suggested that
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the lessons from the Project. All m
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119. The SPG commitment is demonstr
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130. In output 1, GEF financing of
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Tracking Tool for GEF Biodiversity
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the current tourism portfolio. This
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Please answer YES or NO to each sta
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Ecological Function Conservation Ar
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ADB TA 4271 Shaanxi Qinling Biodive
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3 ADB TA 4271 Shaanxi Qinling Biodi
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11 ADB TA 4271 Shaanxi Qinling Biod
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Final Report - Asian Development Bank

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