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142 TA 4721-PRC: Preparing the Shaanxi-Qinling Mountains Integrated Ecosystem Management Project Final Report Appendix 5 ANNEX 18: NATIONAL & PROVINCIAL WILDLIFE CONSERVATION & ENDANGERED SPECIES MANAGEMENT A. Part I Outline of Current National Wildlife Conservation Program 1. National Forestry Nature Reserve Development Program China is one of the richest biodiversity countries in the world. China’s land area is large, terrain complex, and the nation has diverse climatic and ecological environments that lead to development of rich species resources. The PRC seriously addresses biodiversity conservation, at present taking such two main measures as in-situ and ex- situ conservation. Among these, nature reserve is the most important measure for in-situ and biodiversity conservation. The PRC established the first nature reserve in 1956, with experience growing from and reserves growing from weak to strong in the developing process. By year-end 2004, the PRC already established nature reserves of many types numbering 2,194 and covering 14,822,300 km 2 (not including Taiwan, Hong Kong and Macao), or approximately 14.4% of the national land area. In national nature reserve construction, the forestry department is the main organization. The State Forestry Administration (SFA) system has already established each kind of type and rank of nature reserve that number 1,674 and account for 76 percent of national nature reserves by number, and cover 11,869,500 km 2 , or 80 percent of national nature reserve area. After 50 years of development, there are some big achievements in the national nature reserve construction and the management, but there are some problems at present. Among these, the nature reserves lack balance in development, not only is insufficiently in the macroscopic layout, but also lacks the system instruction and the standard, while some rare and precious wildlife and ecosystem existence protection are vacant. The identical biogeography unit or the ecosystem nature reserve construction which lack of the unification coordination and higher protection has not formed a whole protection function. For the purpose of solving the problem mentioned above and further more definition about the next national forestry nature reserve construction and the management goal duty, the work mentality and the work key, the SFA has established . The Program includes 6 chapters: Nature reserve present situation and appraisal; Nature reserve program guiding ideology, principle and goal; Nature reserve layout and construction key; Nature reserve facility and ability construction; Benefit analysis; Program implementation safeguard measure. In third chapter “Nature reserve layout and construction key”, dividing the nature reserve system program in the region into 8 construction regions, they are the Northeast mountainous-plain region, the Mongolian and Xinjiang plateau wilderness area, the North-China plain-loess plateau area, the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau cold area, the Southwest mountain-canyon area, the South-China west mountain-hill area, the East-China and Central-China hill-plain region, the South-China mountain-hill area. Among them, the South-China west the mountain-hill area including the Qinling Mountains, the area as the subtropics to the tropics transition region, is the world evergreen forest central distribution area and the fauna is complex. The area is the main distribution area for the national unique ancient animal-----Panda, Golden Monkey, Takin, Crested Ibis, and Gibbon. At present the area has already established nature reserves numbering 275 and covering 413,500 km 2 , accounting for 3.5 percent of the national nature reserve area and 4.5 percent of the regional national territory area. The program brings the number of nature reserves to 450 and the national nature reserve number from 18 to 49. The total area of nature reserve area reached 550,000 km 2 , accounting for more than 6 percent of national territory area. The 175 new nature reserves will be gazetted as 45 reserves in 2005-2010, 86 in 2011-2020 and 44 in 2021-2030. One guideline will be to establish many small to medium sized nature reserves and to form groups of adjacent reserves and construct biological corridors. This will strengthen protection of national key wildlife and their habitats-- --Panda, Golden Monkey, Crested Ibis, national unique pheasant class, wild Sika Deer (Cervus nippon), Black-necked crane (Grus nigricollis), Cycad and Forest Musk (Moschus berezovskii). In the fourth chapter “the nature reserve facility and ability construction”, it is mainly planned five construction contents-----the basic conservation facility construction, the talented person and management troop construction, the scientific research and monitoring system construction, the propaganda education system construction and the information platform construction and so on.
TA 4721-PRC: Preparing the Shaanxi-Qinling Mountains Integrated Ecosystem Management Project Final Report Appendix 5 2. Biodiversity – Priority Areas Protected First China is one of the richest global biodiversity countries as well as one country where there are the most serious threats to biodiversity. To protect the precious biological resources, in 5 to 10 years, China will contentiously increase biodiversity conservation abilities, and will take the special measure to protect Chinese 17 biodiversity key areas at first. China will preferential protect 17 biodiversity key areas. The areas are Traverses Mountains southern region, Minshan Mountains-Traverses Mountains northern region, Plateau region of Xinjiang-Qinghai- Tibet province border, Yunnan Xishuangbanna region, Mountains region of Hunan-Guizhou–Sichuan- Hubei province border, Hainan Island south-central mountains region, Guizhou Southwestern limestone region, Zhejiang-Fujian-Jiangxi border mountains region, Qinling Mountains, Yili western section Tianshan Mountains; Changbaishan Mountains, Coastal shallow seas and tidelands wetland (including Lao River mouth sea area, Yellow River delta near sea area, Yancheng coast, Shanghai Chongming island eastern beach), Northeastern Songhua River Nen River Heilong River - three river plain region, Yangtze River downstream lake region, from Min River mouth to southern Macao Island sea region, Bohai Sea channel and sea region, from Zhoushan to Nanji island sea region. According to Ecology Department of the National Environmental Conservation Bureau leader introduced that the protective measures of the biodiversity key areas are: establishing the nature reserve, caring on the biodiversity and the environmental effect appraisal system to the items of basic construction, a ban on constructing polluting projects, strengthening biodiversity research, monitoring, and appraisal, having the choice to construct one batch of different types the state-level biodiversity protection demonstration base. The leader indicated that 17 biodiversity key areas which have not yet established nature reserves, should take the rescue measure to establish as soon as possible; the nature reserve having been established, should then strengthen the management and supervision, and as occasion requires, it might be advanced management rank, be promoted for national nature reserve, and be managed directly by the country. B. Part II National and Shaanxi Province Endangered Species Management Initiatives 1. Qinling Giant Panda Conservation Program (source: China Network, 12 June 2006) “Qinling Giant Panda conservation and development strategy seminar” have been held in Xi’an city in 2006, SFA and Shaanxi province government indicated that the Qinling Mountains will not only consolidate the Qinling Giant Panda nature reserve network in order to increase the national nature reserve area to 31,000 km 2 . Furthermore, China and Shaanxi province government also will establish the Qinling Giant Panda captive breeding centre and enhance Qinling Giant Panda monitoring station. The measures will protect Qinling Giant Panda more effectively. The Qinling Mountains support around 300 Qinling Giant Pandas at the northernmost latitude for Pandas in China. SFA noted that, Qinling Giant Panda numbers are declining, distribution is narrowing, habitat area is not adequate, as well as the habitat does not provide adequate food, the conservation difficulty is one on top of another, the conservation duty is urgent and arduous. The conference has determined Qinling Giant Panda protection goal and program. In the near future, the goal will consummate Qinling Giant Panda nature reserve network system, increasing the national nature reserve area from 17,000 km 2 to 31, 000km 2 . The strengthened Qinling Giant Panda habitat nature resume ability and the biological corridor belt construction, enable 95% Qinling Giant Panda habitat to obtain the protection and restoration of 90% latent habitat, and reduce habitat fragmentation. At the same time, Qinling area also will establish the Qinling Giant Panda captive breeding centre which will attack and resolve Qinling Giant Panda breeding difficulty and expand captive population quantity. Qinling Giant Panda will also be wild trained in order to supply wild population. 2. Shaanxi Rare Wild Animals Rescue and Breeding Center Shaanxi Rare Wild Animals Rescuing and Raising Research Center (hereinafter called “center”) is the only national key protection center in Shaanxi Province. It mainly deals with “field rescue for wild animals of the first and second level, wild animals raising and breeding, science research, propagating and education and usage development”. The preparations for construction of the “center” started in 143
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Technical Assistance Consultant’s
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CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS (as at 1 June
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WEIGHTS AND MEASURES 15 mu = 1 hect
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APPENDIXES (PRESENTED IN SEPARATE V
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LOAN AND PROJECT SUMMARY Borrower P
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Implementation Arrangements The Sha
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Figure 1: Map 1 - The Project Area
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ix Figure 3: Map 3 - Google Image o
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Figure 5: Map 5 - Natural Plant Hab
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Figure 7: Map 7: Shaanxi Louguantai
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II. RATIONALE: SECTOR PERFORMANCE,
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maintain ever-increasing staff leve
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(xiii) lack of national, regional,
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low salaries, poor benefits and ina
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and mature product compared to othe
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into the Province’s tourism indus
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on Land Degradation in Dryland Ecos
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CNY 37million to CNY 64million in 2
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91. Revenue will be generated throu
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100. Improved Village and Forest-ba
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plan budget. Provision for this arr
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Component Sub-component Table 4: Pr
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Table 5: Project Investment Plan ($
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Qinling National Botanical Garden (
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Position Package A: Package A -SARC
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covered in these reports. Within 6
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water supplies, (v) a program to im
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160. Other risks relate to (i) the
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was between CNY 900 and CNY 1156 pe
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183. A major lesson from tourism re
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2 Design Summary Outputs Component
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4 Design Summary Component III: Ins
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6 TA 4721-PRC: Preparing the Shaanx
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4 Indigenous People 2 TA 4721-PRC:
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2 B. Supervision TA 4721-PRC: Prepa
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GEFSEC PROJECT ID: EA PROJECT ID: C
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i) Tourism 5. One of the strongest
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14. Poor rural households had few o
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and fauna due in large part to the
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31. The Qinling Mountain ecosystem
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continuing communication among stak
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development under construction, (v)
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) Objective 50. The impact of the p
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60. The current animal rescue and e
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Source (PPTA Estimates) 69. The rev
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77. Institutional Strengthening The
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awareness and understanding of mark
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92. The main risk to the Project’
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modify the drivers of biodiversity
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Expected Project National Biodivers
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Strategic Objectives and Indicative
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after 5 years. It is suggested that
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the lessons from the Project. All m
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119. The SPG commitment is demonstr
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130. In output 1, GEF financing of
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Tracking Tool for GEF Biodiversity
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the current tourism portfolio. This
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Please answer YES or NO to each sta
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Ecological Function Conservation Ar
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ADB TA 4271 Shaanxi Qinling Biodive
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