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26 TA 4721-PRC: Preparing the Shaanxi-Qinling Mountains Integrated Ecosystem Management Project Final Report Appendix 7 c. Investment Outcome 127. The expansion, modernization and enhancement of SARC to international standards is intended to: (i) significantly increase the personnel and material investments made in wildlife protection in Shaanxi to improve animal welfare and the survival rate of rescued animals; (ii) rescue endangered animals more efficiently and provide a better natural environment for the animals that are raised on site; (iii) develop a high-quality site for eco-tourism that meets the needs of the modern, well informed and highly demanding tourist and increases public awareness and support for the rescue, breeding, science, research and public awareness functions of the SARC; (iv) conduct scientific research on wild animal conservation and expand cooperation, information exchanges and partnerships with similar agencies in China and abroad; and (v) distribute information and knowledge on wildlife conservation to promote greater harmony between animals and people. 128. The investment targets a number of existing problems with the SARC facility including inadequate rescue equipment, atrocious levels of animal welfare due to the small size and poor layout of the current animal exhibition area, animal pens that are overcrowded and well below international standards, shortage of research equipment, and weaknesses in technical capabilities. b. Conservation Objectives 129. It is widely accepted that ex-situ facilities working with wild animals, especially those in range states, can and do play a significant role in animal conservation. This is supported by the Convention on Biological Diversity (Article 9) through the national biodiversity strategies and action plans, and by the IUCN in the Technical Guidelines for the Management of Ex Situ Populations. It is recognized that each of the four Missions for SARC has a conservation outcome. Rescue and rehabilitation, conservation (captive) breeding, scientific research and education all contribute to the conservation of endangered and threatened species as well as many other species. I. Reintroduction 130. Reintroduction is often seen as an extension of conservation breeding however it is essential that the true role of reintroduction in animal conservation is understood for this programme. Species at risk of extinction have undergone, or are experiencing, a dramatic decline in population size which is driven by a number of factors influencing those wild populations. Often the complexities of the factors driving the species towards extinction are not fully understood so establishing a secure population of the species in a captive environment is crucial. Even if an ex-situ population thrives reintroduction is not necessarily recommended or required. Surplus animals do not justify reintroduction. The key conservation activity is to remove the threat to the wild population and allow it to recover naturally. If an extinction (local or global) has occurred and there are specimens available in captivity then reintroduction may be feasible if, again, the threat has been removed. 131. The two 2 “flagship” species in the Qinling Mountains, the giant panda and the crested ibis the crucial activity at the centers is to ensure a secure a genetically viable population of each species is held in the centers. If and when it is considered necessary to reintroduce either species to the north slopes of the mountains, specimens are available for the programs. 132. A crucial role for SARC for these species will be to use the exceptional facilities at both the satellite centers and at the main center to investigate the science of reintroductions and to contribute to the understanding of the biology and behavior of the species. This will allow detailed plans for potential reintroductions to be developed if required. Using the new facilities it may be possible to develop a model for reintroductions which can be tested in a semi free-ranging situation. 133. Although reintroductions of the crested ibis are underway it is considered unlikely that it would be possible to release ibis at or near the satellite center because of the nature of the land conditions in the area and the type of agriculture practiced. However it might be possible to find a suitable location and the center staff should take the lead in this investigation. 134. SARC can also investigate the status of other species in the project area or the mountains and determine the conservation actions required for each species deemed to be at risk (see Conservation Priority List). For some species establishing an ex-situ population could be seen as appropriate either as a safety net or to enable the species to be studied in a suitable environment.
TA 4721-PRC: Preparing the Shaanxi-Qinling Mountains Integrated Ecosystem Management Project Final Report Appendix 7 Developing a program of conservation breeding for a number of model species could be worth considering in the future. 135. IUCN is widely recognized as the leading non-governmental conservation organization in the world which, as such, produces policies and strategies to encourage and guide conservation activities. It is recommended that any release program developed in the project area adhere to the IUCN Reintroduction Guidelines available on the IUCN website. c. Investment Output 136. To improve and strengthen the rescue and breeding work of rare wildlife, the SARC investment will: (i) enlarge and enhance the rescue, breeding, research and other necessary facilities, (ii) establishing satellite sites for breeding of endangered species in different parts of the Project Area, (iii) actively adopt new approaches and technologies, and (iv) construct a high quality modern, ecological institution that represents best practice in China and meets international standards for exsitu conservation, endangered species management and develops systems for potential controlled release. 137. The SARC expansion and modernization is intended to capitalize on the significant growth in tourism particularly in niche eco-tourism market segments. Visitation will also be encouraged from urban residents of Xian and southern Shaanxi to financially and technically support SARCS main objectives and functions. By focusing on the Qinling Mountains rare and globally important animal species and providing facilities of international standard that meets GEF and ADB requirements, SARC will offer a more attractive option for general tourists and for biodiversity enthusiasts compared with the Xian Wildlife Park which operates successfully since it opened in 2004 18 . 138. The investment will greatly enrich the “Louguan Experience”. The linkage of Louguantai as the birthplace of Daoism with the SARC provides the opportunity to view two of the world’s most iconic fauna, the giant Panda and Crested Ibis along with Daoist experiences provides a unique opportunity especially for international clientele. The interest in the giant Panda is worldwide, and holidays specifically to view the panda can now be arranged from most European countries and North America. Because of the rarity value of the animal, these holidays are sold at premium rates. International tourists are increasingly being offered mixed cultural and wildlife tours but none that specifically target Xian. 139. These options allow tourist companies to offer holidays which meet a wide variety of tastes. Many tourist offers currently available link a visit to Xi’an with Giant Panda experiences at either Wolong or Foping 19 . At present, SARC does not feature as a place to visit. The close location of SARC to Xi’an, gives a strong advantage to the Louguan site. Unlike Wolong (breeding centre) or Foping (wild viewing), access to the SARC is easy – an hour’s drive from Xi’an -- thereby allowing visitors to view the Giant Panda at the SARC within one day with minimal time spent traveling. Longer Giant Panda experiences will be available through the QBCDA area “Wild Experience” through the ecolodges and through longer half-day experiences by day visitors to the QBCDA Giant Panda breeding center. d. Project Activities 140. SARC will expand from the current 140.7 ha to 1,112 ha, through the development of areas adjacent to the existing site and to three satellite areas within the Louguantai Forest Farm. The Project will add 6,545 sq m to the existing 6,842 sq m of building. The current utilities and telecoms have sufficient capacity to support future expansion. 18 In 2006, the Xi’an Wildlife Park had attendance of 1.5 million with an entry fee of CNY 80. While the Park is apparently a major commercial success, visits to the Park by PPTA Team members raised serious concerns regarding the care of the animals and the maintenance of constructed facilities at the Park. The Wildlife Park opened in 2004, its capital cost was CNY 390 Million, and has a land area of more than 130 ha. It is owned and operated by one of the seven subsidiary companies under the Xi’an Tourism Group Company, which is an SOE of the Xi’an Municipal Government. The SARC proposal is intended to set new standards in Xi’an, Shaanxi and the western PRC for animal welfare, maintenance of facilities and providing a quality tourism experience. 19 See Annex 1 27
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Technical Assistance Consultant’s
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CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS (as at 1 June
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WEIGHTS AND MEASURES 15 mu = 1 hect
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APPENDIXES (PRESENTED IN SEPARATE V
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LOAN AND PROJECT SUMMARY Borrower P
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Implementation Arrangements The Sha
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Figure 1: Map 1 - The Project Area
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ix Figure 3: Map 3 - Google Image o
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Figure 5: Map 5 - Natural Plant Hab
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Figure 7: Map 7: Shaanxi Louguantai
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II. RATIONALE: SECTOR PERFORMANCE,
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maintain ever-increasing staff leve
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(xiii) lack of national, regional,
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low salaries, poor benefits and ina
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and mature product compared to othe
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into the Province’s tourism indus
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on Land Degradation in Dryland Ecos
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CNY 37million to CNY 64million in 2
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91. Revenue will be generated throu
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100. Improved Village and Forest-ba
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plan budget. Provision for this arr
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Component Sub-component Table 4: Pr
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Table 5: Project Investment Plan ($
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Qinling National Botanical Garden (
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Position Package A: Package A -SARC
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covered in these reports. Within 6
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water supplies, (v) a program to im
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160. Other risks relate to (i) the
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was between CNY 900 and CNY 1156 pe
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183. A major lesson from tourism re
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2 Design Summary Outputs Component
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4 Design Summary Component III: Ins
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6 TA 4721-PRC: Preparing the Shaanx
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TA 4721-PRC: Preparing the Shaanxi-
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4 Indigenous People 2 TA 4721-PRC:
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2 B. Supervision TA 4721-PRC: Prepa
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GEFSEC PROJECT ID: EA PROJECT ID: C
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i) Tourism 5. One of the strongest
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14. Poor rural households had few o
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and fauna due in large part to the
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31. The Qinling Mountain ecosystem
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continuing communication among stak
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development under construction, (v)
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) Objective 50. The impact of the p
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60. The current animal rescue and e
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Source (PPTA Estimates) 69. The rev
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77. Institutional Strengthening The
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awareness and understanding of mark
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92. The main risk to the Project’
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modify the drivers of biodiversity
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Expected Project National Biodivers
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Strategic Objectives and Indicative
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after 5 years. It is suggested that
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the lessons from the Project. All m
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119. The SPG commitment is demonstr
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130. In output 1, GEF financing of
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Tracking Tool for GEF Biodiversity
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the current tourism portfolio. This
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Please answer YES or NO to each sta
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Ecological Function Conservation Ar
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ADB TA 4271 Shaanxi Qinling Biodive
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