Characteristics and social representation of ecstasy in Europe - Irefrea

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119. Russel, K. (1991) Lysergia suburbia, psychedelia: The acid house interpretation.In: Unit for law and popular culture. Manchester: Polytechnic.120. Saliba, C., Maigrot, J.C. and Bergeret, J. (1990) Mode de fonctionnemant familialet ses rapports avec la genèse des troubles de la conduite de l’adolescent. Rapportde recherche. Lyon. (Unpublished).121. Sandwijk, J.P., Cohen, P.D.A., Musterd en, S. and Langemeijer, M.P.S. (1995) Licitand Illicit drug use in Amsterdam II, Amsterdam: Instituut voo Sociales Geografie.122. Saunders, N. (1993) E is for Ecstasy, 1 edn. London: Nicholas Saunders.123. Saunders, N.(1995) The chance of getting a good E in Britain in 1995. pp.1-2.Internet: http://ecstasy.org.124. Saunders, N. (1996) E comme ecstasy: MDMA, Raves et culture Techno, Paris:Editorial du Lézard.125. Saunders, N. (1997) Ecstasy Reconsidered. Londres: Nicholas Saunders.126. Schifano, F., Di Furia, L., Miconi, L. and Bricolo, R. (1996) MDMA (Ecstasy) etal. amfetamino-simili, aspetti epidemiologici e clinici. In: 2º Congresso Nazionaledi Medicina Nelle Dipendence., pp. 97-108. Verona: G.I.C.S.127. Schubert, D.S.P. et al. (1988) “A Statistical Evaluation of the Literature Regardingthe Associations Among Alcoholism, Drug Abuse and Antisocial PersonalityDisorder”. Int. J. Addictions, 23 (8). pp. 797-808.128. Shulgin, A.T. (1978) Characterization of three new psychotomimetics. In: Stillmanand Willete, (Eds.) The Psychopharmacology of the Hallucinogens., New York:Pergamon Press.129. Sherlock, K. (1997) Psycho-Social Determinants of Ecstasy Use. (Doctoral thesis).130. SNEG (1997) Ecstasy. París: SNEG.131. Solowij, N., Hall, W. and Lee, N. (1992) Recreational MDMA use in Sydney: aprofile of “Ecstasy” users and their experiences with the drug. British J.ofAddiction 87, 1161-1172.132. Solowij, N. and Lee, N. (1991) Survey of Ecstasy users in Sidney. CEIDA,PMB,Nº6, Sydney (Australia): Alcohol Directorate NSW Health Department.133. Sueur, C. 1996. L’Usage d’Ecstasy en France: Prevention des Risques dans lesRaves et Traitement des Complications Psychopathologiques.134. Techno Plus (1996) Ecstasy, LSD, dance pills. ASUD 11.135. Teichman, M., Barnea, Z., Rahav, G. (1989) Sensation Seeking, state and TraitAnxiety, and Depressive Mood in Adolescent Substance Users. The Int. J.Addictions, 24, 87-99.136. Tossman. Drug affinity among youths in the techno-party scene. In: Ecstasy,Characteristics of Consumption and Social Representations Seminar.Venice:IREFREA. (1997). (Unpublished).228
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Page 3 and 4:
ORGANISATIONS AND NATIONAL RESEARCH
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This volume is dedicated very speci
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PRESENTATIONIt’s a great pleasure
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INDEXPág.1. INTRODUCTION . . . . .
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1. INTRODUCTION1.1. DESIGNER DRUGS,
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the most widely used because its ef
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All this led to the famous English
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had used it in the preceding month.
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had used ecstasy or a similar subst
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school population found a prevalenc
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isk factors among adolescents (Cala
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make quantitative what is qualitati
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concentrated in ecstasy use. A stud
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the others versions but with less i
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3. SAMPLE DESIGN AND FIELD WORK3.1.
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Two different methods were suggeste
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according to drug use level. Finall
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We came into contact with eight ind
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4. SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC BACKGROUNDINTRO
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We did not think it would be necess
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STUDY LEVEL (% on global sample; %
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In Utrecht, most of the young peopl
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SUMMARYWe remind again that, in spi
Page 52 and 53:
This classification will be used fr
Page 54 and 55:
Montagne, 1992) or Rimini, in Italy
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RELIGION PRACTITIONER (% on global
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It stands out the high percentage o
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Amphetamines are often used with fr
Page 62 and 63:
In the Utrecht sample, however, alt
Page 64 and 65:
GLOBAL SAMPLE ANSWERSThe most popul
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These data are interesting in order
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WITH WHOM TO CONSUME ECSTASY? (In %
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As we have already seen in other ta
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6. SENSATION SEEKING SCALE (SSS)6.1
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correlation’s varies in function
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consumers sample comprises individu
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DISINHIBITION (DIS)Modena, Palma an
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y the non-consumer groups. In addit
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Once again, on the Boredom Suscepti
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this new scale. The individuals bel
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Still following psychoanalysis, Koh
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seeking scale, the hypotheses for t
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SDS results according to sexSexPunc
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understanding and explaining realit
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there would be two more or less dif
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RELATION BETWEEN ECSTASY AND SEXThe
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of medicaments. In fact, they are p
Page 102 and 103:
In any case, it is true indeed that
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Well aware that these interpretatio
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with others, facilitates being able
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8.3.2. Social Representation in the
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with problems”, “the problem wi
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feel good”, “it causes euphoria
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Therefore, and taking into account
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appear in the diagram, as they have
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as one of the reasons for taking ec
Page 120 and 121:
In the C diagram we see distributio
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shy people” and “escape from re
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We believe the adequate way of inte
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In the C group there are five compo
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ecause ecstasy use is connected wit
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Nowadays, three studies are being c
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can become addictive conducts and h
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therapeutic virtues that have been
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CESDIP/CNRS, Centre d’Etudes et d
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The Interior Ministry considers tha
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In spite of the methodological limi
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directed at investigating the quali
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follows; 60 % hash/marihuana, 11% e
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The results highlighted that respon
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young people interviewed considered
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In the last few years, however, in
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04) Ensuring that water is availabl
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♦ Zini G., Indagine sul consumo d
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Ossebaard, H.C. (1996). Drugspreven
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From the secondary school populatio
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Huizer, H. (1996). Rapport over het
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A related theme is to describe toda
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Verhulst, J. (1996). XTC kan altijd
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Because this review is meant to giv
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170Mudde, L. (1997). ‘XTC is nog
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2) The second research was carried
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Even so it is possible to make a di
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At the round table of social Analys
Page 176 and 177: 2. Press articles regarding ecstasy
Page 178 and 179: Comas Arnau D, Velázquez Andrés J
Page 180 and 181: 182estimulantes. p. 111-29.Salazar
Page 182 and 183: to the middle and upper classes. Th
Page 184 and 185: The culturally sensitive poly-consu
Page 186 and 187: SOCIAL REPRESENTATIONS OF CONSUMERS
Page 188 and 189: stereotype, there was also the mess
Page 190 and 191: their habitual environment, without
Page 192 and 193: experiment with drugs such as heroi
Page 194 and 195: This policy is being received very
Page 196 and 197: SPECIFIC EUROPEAN PREVENTIVE CAMPAI
Page 198 and 199: The material used was a triptych, c
Page 200 and 201: establishments. This first initiati
Page 202 and 203: The latest campaign which formed pa
Page 204 and 205: NETHERLANDSIn Holland, there have b
Page 206 and 207: Don’t force yourself to be always
Page 208 and 209: preventive strategies related to ec
Page 210 and 211: Within the harm minimisation strate
Page 213 and 214: 11. PREVENTION PROPOSALSPREVENTION
Page 215 and 216: implied danger), but depending on w
Page 217 and 218: Despite the different policies on d
Page 219 and 220: 12. GENERAL BIBLIOGRAPHY001. Abric,
Page 221 and 222: 031. Díaz, A., Barruti, M. and Don
Page 223 and 224: misuse. Addiction 89.068. Kandel, D
Page 225: 102. O’Rourke, P.J. (1985) Tune i
Page 230 and 231: The interview will be semi-structur
Page 232 and 233: ♦ which subjects are the most fre
Page 235 and 236: ANNEX 3QUESTIONNAIRE OF SOCIALREPRE
Page 237 and 238: 06. Birthplace (city and country):-
Page 239 and 240: 19. In the last three months, how m
Page 241 and 242: 30. Have you taken any other substa
Page 243 and 244: Next sentences are about your prefe
Page 245 and 246: SOCIAL REPRESENTATIONSINSTRUCTIONSB
Page 247 and 248: ANNEX 4PROTOCOL TO RECRUIT THE DISC
Page 249 and 250: ⇒ envelopes with stamp and addres
Page 251: I R E F R E AIREFREA is a european
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