Characteristics and social representation of ecstasy in Europe - Irefrea

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27. I would like to meet some persons who arehomosexual (men or women) [1] [2]28. I would like to try parachute jumping [1] [2]29. Have you ever traded sex for shelter, food, drugs, or money [1] [2]30. I prefer friends who are excitingly unpredictable [1] [2]31. I am not interested in experience for its own sake [1] [2]32. I like art which is clear, symmetrical of form, and hasharmony of colours [1] [2]33. It’s a good thing to associate to humanitarian organisations [1] [2]34. I enjoy spending time in the familiar surroundings of home [1] [2]35. I like to dive off the high board [1] [2]36. Have you ever passed bad checks, forged or altereda prescription, or taken money from an employer? [1] [2]37. I like to date persons who are physically exciting [1] [2]38. Heavy drinking usually ruins a party because some peopleget loud and boisterous [1] [2]39. The worst social sin is to be rude [1] [2]40. A person should have considerable sexual experiencebefore marriage [1] [2]41. Have you ever received, possessed, or sold stolen propertyincluding fencing? [1] [2]42. Even if I had the money, I would not care to associate withpeople in the “fast lane” [1] [2]43. I like people who are sharp and witty even if they sometimesinsult others [1] [2]44. Have you ever stolen a car for joyriding, transportation,or sale? [1] [2]45. There is altogether too much portrayal of sex in movies [1] [2]46. I feel best after taking a coupe of drinks [1] [2]47. People should dress according to some standard of taste,neatness, and style [1] [2]48. Sailing long distances in small sailing crafts is foolhardy [1] [2]49. Have you ever taken other people’s property without force,such as shoplifting or pickpocketing? [1] [2]50. I have no patience with dull or boring persons [1] [2]51. Skiing down a high mountain slope in a good way toend up on crutches [1] [2]246
SOCIAL REPRESENTATIONSINSTRUCTIONSBefore starting please read all the sentences at least once. Then follow nextinstructions.We recommended you to mark the sentences you choose, otherwise you couldconfuse and select the same sentence twice.A. Out of the next 20 sentences choose four sentences you think are the most similar toyour way of thinking about ecstasy, write the sentence number in the gaps:1. 2. 3. 4.B. Out of the 16 left sentences, choose four that you think are the less similar to whatyou think about ecstasy, write the sentence number in the gaps:1. 2. 3. 4.C. Out of the 12 left sentences, choose four that you think are more similar to what youthink of ecstasy, write the sentence number in the gaps:1. 2. 3. 4.D. Out of the 8 left sentence, choose those ones you think are less similar to what youthink about ecstasy, write the sentence number in the gaps:1. 2. 3. 4.01. Ecstasy keeps people awake.02. Ecstasy is a clean drug, easy to use and comfortable.03. Ecstasy has a reasonable price.04. Ecstasy is dangerous drug, because it leads to addiction.05. Ecstasy is good to evade reality, to forget problems.06. People who takes ecstasy don’t drink alcohol at the same time.07. Ecstasy relaxes.08. Ecstasy makes people lose control of their own behaviour.09. Ecstasy puts order in your mind.10. Ecstasy disinhibits sexually.11. Ecstasy makes you feel good.12. Ecstasy can cause death.13. Ecstasy without preventive measures can be dangerous.14. The problem with ecstasy is that you never know what you are taking.15. Makes you feel euphoric and helps to get on with people.247
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ORGANISATIONS AND NATIONAL RESEARCH
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This volume is dedicated very speci
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PRESENTATIONIt’s a great pleasure
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INDEXPág.1. INTRODUCTION . . . . .
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1. INTRODUCTION1.1. DESIGNER DRUGS,
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the most widely used because its ef
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All this led to the famous English
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had used it in the preceding month.
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had used ecstasy or a similar subst
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school population found a prevalenc
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isk factors among adolescents (Cala
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make quantitative what is qualitati
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concentrated in ecstasy use. A stud
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the others versions but with less i
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3. SAMPLE DESIGN AND FIELD WORK3.1.
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Two different methods were suggeste
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according to drug use level. Finall
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We came into contact with eight ind
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4. SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC BACKGROUNDINTRO
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We did not think it would be necess
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STUDY LEVEL (% on global sample; %
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In Utrecht, most of the young peopl
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SUMMARYWe remind again that, in spi
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This classification will be used fr
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Montagne, 1992) or Rimini, in Italy
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RELIGION PRACTITIONER (% on global
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It stands out the high percentage o
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Amphetamines are often used with fr
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In the Utrecht sample, however, alt
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GLOBAL SAMPLE ANSWERSThe most popul
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These data are interesting in order
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WITH WHOM TO CONSUME ECSTASY? (In %
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As we have already seen in other ta
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6. SENSATION SEEKING SCALE (SSS)6.1
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correlation’s varies in function
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consumers sample comprises individu
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DISINHIBITION (DIS)Modena, Palma an
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y the non-consumer groups. In addit
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Once again, on the Boredom Suscepti
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this new scale. The individuals bel
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Still following psychoanalysis, Koh
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seeking scale, the hypotheses for t
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SDS results according to sexSexPunc
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understanding and explaining realit
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there would be two more or less dif
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RELATION BETWEEN ECSTASY AND SEXThe
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of medicaments. In fact, they are p
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In any case, it is true indeed that
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Well aware that these interpretatio
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with others, facilitates being able
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8.3.2. Social Representation in the
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with problems”, “the problem wi
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feel good”, “it causes euphoria
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Therefore, and taking into account
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appear in the diagram, as they have
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as one of the reasons for taking ec
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In the C diagram we see distributio
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shy people” and “escape from re
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We believe the adequate way of inte
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In the C group there are five compo
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ecause ecstasy use is connected wit
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Nowadays, three studies are being c
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can become addictive conducts and h
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therapeutic virtues that have been
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CESDIP/CNRS, Centre d’Etudes et d
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The Interior Ministry considers tha
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In spite of the methodological limi
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directed at investigating the quali
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follows; 60 % hash/marihuana, 11% e
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The results highlighted that respon
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young people interviewed considered
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In the last few years, however, in
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04) Ensuring that water is availabl
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♦ Zini G., Indagine sul consumo d
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Ossebaard, H.C. (1996). Drugspreven
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From the secondary school populatio
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Huizer, H. (1996). Rapport over het
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A related theme is to describe toda
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Verhulst, J. (1996). XTC kan altijd
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Because this review is meant to giv
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170Mudde, L. (1997). ‘XTC is nog
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2) The second research was carried
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Even so it is possible to make a di
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At the round table of social Analys
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2. Press articles regarding ecstasy
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Comas Arnau D, Velázquez Andrés J
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182estimulantes. p. 111-29.Salazar
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to the middle and upper classes. Th
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The culturally sensitive poly-consu
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SOCIAL REPRESENTATIONS OF CONSUMERS
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stereotype, there was also the mess
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their habitual environment, without
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experiment with drugs such as heroi
Page 194 and 195: This policy is being received very
Page 196 and 197: SPECIFIC EUROPEAN PREVENTIVE CAMPAI
Page 198 and 199: The material used was a triptych, c
Page 200 and 201: establishments. This first initiati
Page 202 and 203: The latest campaign which formed pa
Page 204 and 205: NETHERLANDSIn Holland, there have b
Page 206 and 207: Don’t force yourself to be always
Page 208 and 209: preventive strategies related to ec
Page 210 and 211: Within the harm minimisation strate
Page 213 and 214: 11. PREVENTION PROPOSALSPREVENTION
Page 215 and 216: implied danger), but depending on w
Page 217 and 218: Despite the different policies on d
Page 219 and 220: 12. GENERAL BIBLIOGRAPHY001. Abric,
Page 221 and 222: 031. Díaz, A., Barruti, M. and Don
Page 223 and 224: misuse. Addiction 89.068. Kandel, D
Page 225 and 226: 102. O’Rourke, P.J. (1985) Tune i
Page 227: 137. Ureña, M.M. and Serra, F. (19
Page 230 and 231: The interview will be semi-structur
Page 232 and 233: ♦ which subjects are the most fre
Page 235 and 236: ANNEX 3QUESTIONNAIRE OF SOCIALREPRE
Page 237 and 238: 06. Birthplace (city and country):-
Page 239 and 240: 19. In the last three months, how m
Page 241 and 242: 30. Have you taken any other substa
Page 243: Next sentences are about your prefe
Page 247 and 248: ANNEX 4PROTOCOL TO RECRUIT THE DISC
Page 249 and 250: ⇒ envelopes with stamp and addres
Page 251: I R E F R E AIREFREA is a european
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