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193 See Tomlinson 2007.194 UN-ESCAP 1994; Banerjee, 1995. Haryana Urban DevelopmentAuthority (HUDA) in India enters into partnership with private developersto develop townships in the highly sought-after periphery of Delhi. Thisland is under agricultural land ceiling and not available for urban use,except with the permission of HUDA with the condition that 20 percentof the housing should go to the poor.195 TDR is included as part of the national urban policy in Brazil.Implementation started with 10,000 houses for 120 co-operatives ofthe poor between 1989 and 1992 in Sao Paolo. (Fernandes, 2002.) NGOslike Instituto Polis continue to provide advocacy and technical and legalassistance to slum communities and land owners to implement theapproach in several cities of Brazil. In Mumbai TDR is linked with thegovernment’s policy of 1999 of providing houses free of cost to 4 millionslum dwellers in fi ve years. (Burra, 2005.)196 UN-ESCAP, 1994.197 See Panaritis, 2007.198 Guidance can be found in Alden Wily 2002. See also Deininger etal. 2007; see ILD 1994, 2002, 2004.199 Mosqueira, 2007.200 See Collier 2007: 135-140.201 Rajan, 2005.202 Collier 2007: 140-156.Chapter 2 BibliographyAcemoglu, D. and J.A. Robinson. 2005. Economic Origins of Democracyand Dictatorships. Cambridge University Press.Acemoglu, Daron, James Robinson and Simon Johnson. 2004. ‘Institutionsas the Fundamental Cause of Long-Run Growth.’NBER Working Paper No. 10481.ADB. 2002. Indigenous Peoples/Ethnic Minorities and Poverty Reduction:Philippines. Manila: Asian Development Bank.Agarwal, Bina. 1994. A Field of One’s Own. Cambridge: CambridgeUniversity Press.Ahmed, Fauzia Erfan. 2007. ‘Microcredit, Segmentation, and PovertyAlleviation Strategy for Women.’ In: Kasturi Rangan et al.:15-24Alden Wily, Liz and Mbaya, S. 2001. Land, people and forests in easternand southern Africa at the beginning of the 21st Century.The impact of land relations of the role of communities inforest future. IUCN-EARO.Alden Wily, Liz. 2002. Getting the Process Right: Land Administrationas Governance: A discourse on the political economy ofland tenure management. Comments on the Legal Basis forLand Administration in an African Context. Paper presentedto the World Bank Land Policy Conference in Africa, April29-May 2 2002, Kampala, Uganda._______. 2003. Governance and Land Relations. A Review of Decentralizationof Land Administration and Management inAfrica. Land Tenure and Resources Series. InternationalInstitute for Environment and Development [IIED] London._______. 2004a. Putting Rural Land Registration in Perspective:The Afghanistan Case in Proceedings Land Administrationin Post Confl ict Areas; 71-93. International Federation ofSurveyors Commission 7 Cadastre and Land Management,2004. http://www.fi g.net/commission7/geneva_2004/index.htm (for original draft only)_______. 2004b. Rural Land Relations in Confl ict: A Way Forward.Policy Brief. Afghanistan Research and Evaluation Unit,Kabul August 2004. http://www.areu.org.af_______. 2005. From Meeting Needs to Honouring Rights: The Evolutionof Community Forestry Chapter 19 in The EarthscanReader in Forestry and Development (ed. Jeffrey Sayer)2005; 388-394. Earthscan UK (originally a Keynote Addressto the World Forestry Congress Quebec 2003)_______. 2006. The Commons and Customary Law in Modern Times:Rethinking the Orthodoxies. In From Knowledge to Action. EMwangi (ed.). CaPri, Washington._______. 2006b. Formalizing the Informal: Is There a Way to SecureHuman Potential through Land Entitlement? A Review ofChanging Administration in Africa, in: Linking the Formaland Informal Economy Concepts and Policies. Edited by B.Guha-khasnobis, R. Kunbur and E. Ostrom. Oxford UniversityPress._______. 2006c. Land Rights Reform and Governance in Africa: Howto Make it Work in the 21st Century? UNDP October 2006.______. 2007. An Interim Note on Customary Land Tenure in Post-Confl ict Liberia.121