A literary history of Persia

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86 HISTORY OF PERSIAN PHILOLOGYTarikh-i-guzida, or "Select History," compiled in A.D. 1330,the following are mentioned as having composed verses indialect (where such verses are actually cited, an asterisk isprefixed to the poet's name) :*Abu'l-Majid Rayagam of theQazwin district (late thirteenth century) ; Amir Ka', also ofQazwin *Utanj ZanjanI ; ( ?) Pindar or Bundar of Ray ; ; *Julaha("the Weaver") of Abhar; *
DIALECTS OF PERSIA 87Kirman, Rafsinjn, &c. ;Siwand in the south ; Luristan,Behbehan (which possesses a real poet, Rida-quli Khan byname), and Kurdistan in the west but ; many other dialects,some entirely unknown to Europeans, doubtless exist in outof-the-wayplaces. Of those hitherto hardly studied theBakhtiyan idiom in the west and the Sistanf in the eastmost deserve careful attention.
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. andA Literary Historyof PersiaFro
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A Literary Historyof PersiaFrom the
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StackAnnexPtPrefaceFOR many yearsI
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PREFACEixdown to the Mongol Invasio
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PREFACExl7f," says a well-known Eas
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xivCONTENTSCHAPTERVII.BOOK IIION TH
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CHAPTER IINTRODUCTORYTHIS book, as
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THE OLD PERSIAN LANGUAGE 5in the th
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PERIODS OF THE PERSIAN LANGUAGE 7Pd
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DISUSE OF PAHLAWt SCRIPT $Armenian
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BEGINNINGS OF MODERN PERSIAN 11char
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BEGINNINGS OF PERSIAN POETRY 13glee
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BARBAD THE MINSTREL 15were transcri
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BARBAD AND RtfDAGt I?"When Rudagi r
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THE MEDES 19now enter is, unfortuna
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THE MEDES 21and disclosed by Mordec
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THE MEDES 23bcrceau du Zoroastrisme
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LANGUAGE OF THE AVESTA **>same unan
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PERSIAN DIALECTS 27" Pehlevi-Musulm
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DATE OF THE A VESTA 29Paris, 1892-3
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'THE CRIME OF " MA GICIDE " }tSasin
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fORIGIN OF THE IRANIANS 33the race
Page 57 and 58: GEOGRAPHY OF THE A VESTA 35the reli
Page 59 and 60: SEMTTIC INFLUENCES 37Greek is far m
Page 61 and 62: CHAPTER IITHE DISCOVERY AND INTERPR
Page 63 and 64: ARABIC CHAIRS FOUNDED 41according t
Page 65 and 66: THOMAS HYDE 43the Arabic Mah prefix
Page 67 and 68: ANQUETIL DU PERRON 45year above men
Page 69 and 70: ANQUETIL DU PERRON 47immediately co
Page 71 and 72: S7R WILLIAM JONES 49whence, after a
Page 73 and 74: SJR W. JONES AND ANQUETIL 51de Us e
Page 75 and 76: S/R W. JONES AND ANQUETIL 53Sir Wil
Page 77 and 78: WILLIAM JONES 55with many of them,
Page 79 and 80: VINDICATION OF ANQUETIL 57catholic
Page 81 and 82: DECIPHERMENT OF INSCRIPTIONS 59know
Page 83 and 84: DECIPHERMENT OF INSCRIPTIONS 61of t
Page 85 and 86: DECIPHERMENT OF INSCRIPTIONS 63Yet,
Page 87 and 88: ORIGIN OF PERSIAN CUNEIFORM 65From
Page 89 and 90: BURNOUF'S WORK 67and the like, in t
Page 91 and 92: "THE WAR OF THE METHODS" 69acumen,"
Page 93 and 94: PAHLA Wt INSCRIPTIONS 71The Sdsania
Page 95 and 96: HUZVARISH 73more as to the essentia
Page 97 and 98: HUZVARISH 75at." So in like manner
Page 99 and 100: RECAPITULATION 77so whatever they w
Page 101 and 102: RECAPITULATION 79language " be used
Page 103 and 104: RECA PITULA TION8 iof the third and
Page 105 and 106: MODERN DIALECTS 83added concerning
Page 107: DIALECTAL POETRY 853-Vi-shum, vdshu
Page 111 and 112: A PERSONAL EXPLANATION 89(iii) The
Page 113 and 114: ACHAEMENIAN INSCRIPTIONS 91produce
Page 115 and 116: ACHMMENIAN INSCRIPTIONS 93Any obser
Page 117 and 118: THE A VESTA 95heard itsaid by Engli
Page 119 and 120: Avesta during the periodTHE A VESTA
Page 121 and 122: , THE AVESTA 99festation of the Ine
Page 123 and 124: THE AVESTA 101spiritual hierarchy.T
Page 125 and 126: PAHLAWt INSCRIPTIONS 103III.THE PAH
Page 127 and 128: PAHLA Wt L1TERA TURE 16$1. Pahlawi
Page 129 and 130: PAHLA Wt LITERA TURE 107Bridge of $
Page 131 and 132: thoughPAHLAWt LITERATURE 109the con
Page 133 and 134: THE PERSIAN EPICinsources inscripti
Page 135 and 136: DOCTORTHE PERSfAMBfcWEN MIN4SJAN,th
Page 137 and 138: THE PERSIAN EPICitsDevil, who begui
Page 139 and 140: THE PERSIAN EPIC 117the Avesta as a
Page 141 and 142: THE PERSIAN EPICas follows. The fir
Page 143 and 144: THE PERSIAN EPIC 121and professedly
Page 145: THE PERSIAN EPIC 123This Pahlawi Kh
Page 149 and 150: CHAPTER IVTHE SAsANIAN PERIOD (A.D.
Page 151 and 152: DIVINE RIGHT OF KINGS 129were withd
Page 153 and 154: BfB/ SHAHR-BANti 131Now whether thi
Page 155 and 156: BiBt SHAHR-BANll 133the Persian hat
Page 157 and 158: TOLERATION A SIN 135delivered up un
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LEGEND OF ARDASHJR 137Sasanian dyna
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LEGEND OF ARDASH/R 139Karnamak."Aft
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141Brilliantly blazing like the bri
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LEGEND OF ARDASHJR 143The next epis
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LEGEND 01^ ARDASH/R 145Hard by our
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LEGEND OF HAFTAN-BOKHT 147foot of t
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LEGEND OF HAFTAN-BdKHT 149When the
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'THE HAji-ABAD INSCRIPTION 151of th
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THE HAjI-ABAD INSCRIPTION 153We oug
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THE MANICHJEANS 155the former (nota
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THE MANICHJEANS 157corrupted thy re
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THE MANICHAEANS 159Manichasans. ...
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THE MANICHJSANS 161.presents itself
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THE MANICHAEANS 163Progress of \.(A
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THE MANICH^EANS 165standing " ;the
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MAZDAK 167reckless cruelty, nor fro
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MAZDAK 169the fourth Excursus (Uebe
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MAZDAK 171we have already seen (p.
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FALL OF THE HOUSE OF SAsAN 173no ye
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THE CHRISTIANS OF NEJRAN 175Bilqis
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"THE PEOPLE OF THE ELEPHANT" 177Whi
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seek relief from one of the two gre
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REGICIDE AND ANARCHY 181in the midd
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THE PROPHETS MESSAGE 183the doomed
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CHAPTER VTHE ARAB INVASION" DURING
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MUSLIMS BEFORE THE NEGtfSH 187of th
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THE EARLY MUSLIMS 189down his leg,
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191and tribal interests to the dema
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THE PAGAN ARABS 193And if Hudhayl b
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AL-FAKHRt'S NARRATIVE 195and their
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AL-FAKHRt'S NARRATIVE 197concealed
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AL-FAKHRJ'S NARRATIVE 199possession
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CONVERSION OF THE PERSIANS 201retai
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EARLY PERSIAN CONVERTS 203soldiers
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PERSIAN INDISPENSABLE TO ARABS 205i
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SURVIVAL OF "FIRE WORSHIP'' 207the
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CHAPTER VITHE UMAYYAD PERIOD (A.D.
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THE CALIPHATE 211the metropolis of
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THE PROPHET'S ACHIEVEMENT 213missio
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CALIPHATE OF 'UTHMAN 215UMAYYAAbul-
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MURDER OF 'UTHAlAN 217able for thei
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AND MU'AWIYA 219raise aloft on thei
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221like Tamim), and the heroes of Q
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THE KHARIJITES 223cried out, "Thou
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YAZfD 22$It was still worse when, o
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KERBELA 227devotion ;but henceforth
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REBELLION OF AL-MUKHTAR 229the murd
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CAUSES OF DISCONTENT 231sanctity of
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233it not the sole aim. But this di
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'UMAX IBN 'ABDU'L-'AZfZ 235unto men
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THE lABBASID PROPAGANDA 237outbreak
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SECTS OF THE SHPA 239Broadlyspeakin
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PRESAGES OF DISASTER 241A.D. 745, a
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THE REVOLUTION 243Abbasid, whereupo
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DISILLUS10NMENJ 245the lesser Zab b
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EFFECTS OF THE REVOLUTION 247his re
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CHAPTER VIIGENERAL CHARACTERISTICS
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CHARACTER OF 'ABBASID RULE 253all f
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THE OFFICE OF WAZtR 255tuality) lar
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THE OFFICE OF WAZ/R 257as we have s
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REVIVAL OF PERSIAN CUSTOMS 259Anoth
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CONTEMPT OF ARABS FOR LETTERS 261ob
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LITERARY PRE-EMINENCE OF PERSIANS 2
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THE SHU'tfBIYYA 265Christian than t
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PRIDE OF THE PERSIANS 267They hare
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THE SHU'tfBIYYAThe Sku'ubiyya contr
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EVOLUTION OF MUSLIM SCIENCES 271nec
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EARLIEST ARABIC PROSE 273handed on
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CHIEF WRITERS OF THIS PERIOD 275The
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CHIEF WRITERS OF THIS PERIOD 277(22
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Wfi0CHAPTER VIIITHE DEVELOPMENTS OF
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THE MWTAZILA 281Uraayyad period per
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THE DOCTRINE OF FREE WILL 283Caliph
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THE MU'TAZILA DOMINANT 285Withiq fo
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DOCTRINE OF THE MU'TAZILA 287of the
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DECLINE OF THE MU'TAZILA 289but see
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AL-ASH'ARf 291and its siteploughed
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THE IKHWANU 'S-SAFA 293of the 'Abba
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THE ORTHODOX SCHOOLS 295Persian des
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THE EARLY StfF/Swritten with the so
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THE EARLY StfF/S 299sharply with th
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ORIGIN OF SUF1ISM 301not convinced
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THE SABAEANS 303their hair extremel
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THE SYRIANS OF HARRAN 30$great tran
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HERESY IN FASHION- 307says: "Philos
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BIH-AFARfDH 309he had beheld him de
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THE ULTRA-SHf'ITES 311[who believe
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SINBADH "THE MAGIAN" 313followers o
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THE RAWANDIYYA 315Fihnst (p. 345) h
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USTADHS/3places, believing that the
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"THE VEILED PROPHET" 319al-Muqanna'
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"THE VEILED PROPHET" 321"This verse
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BABAK AL-KHURRAMf 323teenth century
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BABAK AL-KHURRAMf* 325went forth in
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BABAK AL-KHURRAMf 327" 'So when it
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EXECUTION OF BABAK 329the Khurramis
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THE TRIAL OF AFSH/N 331two others w
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THE TRIAL OF AFSHfN 333" what means
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THE TRIAL OF AFSHiN 335flies ' (mea
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BOOK IVON THE FIRST PERIOD OF THE D
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340 DECLINE OF THE CALIPHATEand sti
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342 DECLINE OF THE CALIPHATETurkish
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344 DECLINE OF THE CALIPHATEbadges,
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346 DECLINE OF THE CALIPHATEIt was
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348 DECLINE OF THE CALIPHATEfounded
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350 DECLINE OF THE CALIPHATEslaves
Page 374 and 375:
DECLINE OF THE CALIPHATE" " Occulta
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'-354 DECLINE OF THE CALIPHATEThe s
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356 DECLINE OF THE CALIPHATERawdhak
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358 DECLINE OF THE CALIPHATEardent
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360- DECLINE >OF THE CALIPHATEdynas
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362 DECLINE OF THE CALIPHATE"Those
Page 386 and 387:
364 DECLINE OP THE CALIPHATEmay men
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366 DECLINE OF THE CALIPHATEthe sam
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'368 DECLINE OF THE CALIPHATECarmat
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3/0 DECLINE OF THE CALIPHATE>others
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372of Islam. This Sabuktagin was or
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374 DECLINE OF THE CALIPHATEwith ea
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376 DECLINE OF THE CALIPHATEof Isld
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378 THE STATE OF MUSLIM LITERATUREo
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380 THE STATE OF MUSLIM LITERATUREI
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.ii.382 THE STATE OF MUSLIM LITERAT
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384 THE STATE OF MUSLIM LITERATUREh
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386 THE STATE OF MUSLIM LITERATUREF
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388 THE STATE OF MUSLIM LITERATUREH
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390 THE STATE OF MUSLIM LITERATUREo
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392 THE ISMAlLi SECT(especially tho
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394 ^HE ISMA'/Lf SECTMaymtin al-Qad
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1 a'396 THE ISMAfli SECTtheir oppre
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398 THE ISMA'JLI SECTof Syria was i
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400 THE ISMA'JLf SECTwhile, on the
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402 THE iSMAlLt SECTafter this (A.D
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404set in its place, to the infinit
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406 THE ISMA'lLf SECTTo Europeans t
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408 THE ISMAIL! SECT("owing allegia
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410 THE ISMAiLJ SECT5. Space, or Pl
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412 THE ISMAfLI SECTthat the skins
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4HTHE ISMAftf SECTnot the last of t
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CHAPTER XIIIRELIGIOUS MOVEMENTS OF
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4J8THE StfFf MYSTICISMcame into use
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420 THE $tfFI MYSTICISMan enormous
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422 THE StfFf MYSTICISMthan the gre
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424 THE StfFf MYSTICISMthe Turkish
Page 448 and 449:
426 THE $tfFJ MYSTICISMSayings of S
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428 THE Sl)Fl MYSTICISMregarding Go
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430 THE SIJF1 MYSTICISMin one of th
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432 THE StiFI MYSTICISMpurpose ;whi
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434 THE StfFf MYSTICISMwoman named
Page 458 and 459:
436 THE StfFl MYSTICISMAdh-Dhahabi
Page 460 and 461:
438 THE StfFf MYSTICISMstudy, espec
Page 462 and 463:
440 THE SUFI MYSTICISMreveals the N
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442 THE StfFf MYSTICISMescape from
Page 466 and 467:
444 THE SI)Ft MYSTICISMthere are le
Page 468 and 469:
446 THE LITERATURE OF PERSIA(includ
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448 THE LITERATURE OF PERSIArare ma
Page 472 and 473:
450 THE LITERATURE OF PERSIAwriting
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452 THE LITERATURE OF PERSIAJ. B. E
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454 THE LITERATURE OF PERSIAthough
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456 THE LITERATURE OF PERSIAagrees
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458 THE LITERATURE OF PERSIAThou mi
Page 482 and 483:
460 THE LITERATURE OF PERSIAits san
Page 484 and 485:
462 THE LITERATURE OF PERSIABut for
Page 486 and 487:
464 THE LITERATURE OF PERSIAHamada'
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466 THE LITERATURE OF PERSIAAbu Bak
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468 THE LITERATURE OF PERSIASeven m
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470 THE LITERATURE OF PERSIAAth-Tha
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472 THE LITERATURE OF PERSIAmetrica
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474 THE LITERATURE OF PERSIAKalila
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476 THE LITERATURE OF PERSIAArabic
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478 THE LITERATURE OF PERSIAruary 1
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480 THE LITERATURE OF PERSIATo thos
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482 BIBLIOGRAPHYin Geiger and Kuhn'
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484 BIBLIOGRAPHYI16. G. Ravvlinson'
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486 BIBLIOGRAPHY40. C. de Harlez :
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BIBLIOGRAPHY62. Dr. W.Wright: The C
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490 BIBLIOGRAPHY*8o.Wellhausen's Mt
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492 BIBLIOGRAPHY105. Von Hammer :Hi
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494 BIBLIOGRAPHY/-. 'Ushshdq (" Lov
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496 BIBLIOGRAPHYLatinum Etymologicu
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498 INDEXAdhar- (Atur-) Farnbag, so
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5ooINDEXAvestic language (so-called
Page 524 and 525:
502 INDEXChrist See ?*$ (
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504 INDEXFargard (chapters of Vendi
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506 INDEXHebrew. language. 40, 41,
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508 INDEX-Juybari, Abu Ishaq Ibrahi
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INDEXBO considered,;246 Fatimid, 39
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512 INDEXMuhitu'J-Multit (Arabic Di
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5'4 INDEXPersian literature, Birth
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INDEXSaint-Martin, 65-Sarvi (or-Sar
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INDEXTmmm \\rntS** Tm~rtmim (fa*i !
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52OINDEXSttfiWool typifying renunci
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