Report on the zoological collections made in the Indo-Pacific Ocean ...

——10 COLLECTIONS FROM MELANESIA.Indices—latitudinal 67*0, altitudinal 71*6, frontal 78-0, Stephanie90-4.DoKchoeeplialic and hypsicephalic.Glabella not prominent, No. 2 of Broca's scale. Inion No. 1.This skull has unfortunately lost all the bones of the face ; butnevertheless the conformation of the brain-case is such as to show itsnear relationship to the pure Melanesians of Viti Levu, agreeing veryclosely with the male " Kai Colo " skulls described by Prof. Flower.The forehead is slightly broader than in any of his specimens (1U3against 99 millim.), and the altitudinal index is somewhat lower(70 "5 against 72*2). Otherwise the present skull agrees with Prof.Flower's figures and description.9. Cranium of Fijian.Female. Middle-aged. Posterior teeth lost during life." Kai Colo, from cave at Livoni, Ovalau, Fiji." R. W. G.Length 175 ;gl. occ. 175. Breadth 121. Height 130. Maximumfrontal breadth 100, minimum 83. Horizontal circumferences— preauricular 218, total 475. Transverse arcs—frontal274, bregmatic 281, parietal 294, occipital 245. Longitudinalarcs—frontal 123, parietal 128, occipital 110. Foramen magnum—length32, breadth 2(). Basinasal length 93. Basialveolarlength 95. Bizygomatic breadth 117. Height of face81, malar 19-2, alveolus 11. Auriculo-orbital length 68. Orbit—width 30, height 32. Nasal height 46, width 25.Indices—latitudinal 69*1, altitudinal 74*3, frontal 68'6, Stephanie83-0, gnathic 102-2, orbital 88-9, nasal ^i:-'6.Dolichocephalic, hypsicephalic, mesognathous ; orbit just belowmegaseme ; and platyrhine.Glabella low, No. 1 of Broca's scale. Parietal eminences prominent.This cranium is interesting as belonging to one of the " KaiColos," or pure-blooded mountaineers of Fiji, whose cranial charactershave been fully worked out by Prof. Flower (J. Anthr. Inst.X. p. 153: 1881). It agrees very closely with the skulls from VitiLevu described by that author, most of the actual dimensions andindices coming within the very narrow limits of variation found by himin his five female Kai Colos. The forehead, however, is very muchnarrower than usual, the minimum frontal diameter being, as givenabove, only 83 millim., with a frontal index of 68'6 (Broca, Iristr.Cran. p. 172), while Prof. Flower's five female Kai Colos averagefor these numbers 94 millim. and 77'0 p. c, the lowest breadthbeing 89 millim. and the lowest index 75-U." The Kai Colos were the old hill-inhabiting tribes of Fijians, andwere distinct from the coast-tribes, with whom they were frequentlyat war. Their power was broken by the renowned Fijian chief' Cacobau,' now dead. Livoni, in Ovalau Island, was one of theirstrongholds, where these skulls were found by Mr. M'Corkill, asettler, who presented them to me."- R. W. C.