Federalism and Local Politics in Russia

Municipal elections 30337 S. A. Sergeev, ‘Tatarstan 2005’, p. 24. Moscow Carnegie Centre Website, http://www.carnegie.ru.38 Gulnaz Sharafutdinova, ‘Municipal elections in Tatarstan: old wine in new bottles?’,Russian Regional Report, Vol. 10, No. 18, 3 November 2005, p. 1.39 Fadeev, Rautkina, Mironov, pp. 317-18.40 Sergei Sergievskii, Nezavisimaya Gazeta, 11 October 2005, p. 6.41 Aleksei Makarkin, ‘Mery: bor'ba za nezavisimost'’, Pro et Contra, No. 1 (35),January–February, 2007, p. 28.42 Robert Coalson, ‘Mayoral elections: democracy’s last stand’, RFE/RL, RussianPolitical Weekly, Vol. 5, No. 9, 4 March 2005, p. 2.43 Ibid.44 See, ‘Russian mayors a matter for concern in the Council of Europe’s Congress ofLocal and Regional Authorities’, Strasbourg: Council of Europe Press Division,22 March 2005.45 Polina Dobrolyubova and Natalya Gorodetskaya, ‘Local self-justification’,Komersant, 13 November 2006, p. 3. Translated in CDPSP, Vol. 58, No. 46, 2006,p. 5.46 Valery Vyzhutovich, ‘Power without money’, Rossiskaya Gazeta, November 17,2006, p. 3. Translated in CDPSP, Vol. 58, No. 46, 2006, p. 6.47 East West Institute, Russian Regional Report, Vol. 9, No. 15, 31 August 2004, p. 1.48 Claire Bigg, ‘Russia: mayors in the crosshairs as power vertical gains force’, RadioFree Europe/Radio Liberty (RFE/RL), Newsline, 21 June 2007, p. 1.49 Ibid.50 Ibid., p. 2.51 Ibid.52 RFE/RL Newsline, Vol. 11, No. 4, Part 1, 9 January 2007, p. 1.53 Slider, p. 157.54 Nikolai Petrov, ‘Regional elections under Putin and prospects for Russian electoraldemocracy’, Ponars Policy Memo, 287, February, 2003, p. 2.55 Aleksandr Kynev, ‘Munitzipal'nye vybory po novym pravilam’, Pro et Contra,No. 1 (35), January–February 2007, p. 40.56 Dmitrii Oreshkin, in ‘Opinions, Comments’ section of vibory.ru. website, pp. 2–3.Accessed in July 2007 at, www.en.pravonavibor.ru/comments/65.php.57 Dmitry Kamyshev and Viktor Khamraev, Interview with Dmitrii Oreshkin, headof ‘Merkator analytical group’, in‘Opinions and Comments’ section of the vibory.ru website, http://en.pravonavibor.ru/comments/65.php, p. 2, accessed July 2007.58 Ibid., pp. 2–3.59 Ibid., p. 3.60 Ibid., p. 3.61 A. Yu. Buzin, Moskovskie munitsipal'nye vybory 2004 goda: istoriya fal'sifikatsii,Moscow: RDP ‘YABLOKO’, 2005, p. 41.62 Aleksey Levchenko, ‘Russian elections official Ivanchenko on potential for electionfraud’, Gazeta Ru, 8 July 2005, reprinted in Johnson’s Russia List, No. 9196,10 July 2005, p. 12.63 Avtonomov, Buzin et al., p.44.64 Dem'yanchenko, pp. 9–10.65 Calculated by the author from, ‘Zapiska ob itogakh munitsipal'nykh vyborov vkhode reformy mestnovo samoupravleniya v Rossiiskoi Federatsii v 2004–5godakh’, Vestnik Tsentral'noi Izbiratel'noi Komissii Rossiiskoi Federatsii, No.2(193), 2006, pp. 21–60.66 Interview conducted by Natalya Kostlenko, ‘Why electoral commission headVeshnyakov opposes election law amendements’, Nezavisimaya Gazeta, 21 July2006, p. 1.