and Integrated Pest Management - part - usaid

176 PI:.STICII)F MANA(;I-'YEN I'AND IPM INSOIT71 IAST ASIA
and Suphanburi. IPM practices were implemented in IPM plots and the results
were compared to the farelrs' plots. In Cholburi (rain fed area), sugarcane was
plamted from December to February as dry season planting, while in Suphanburi
(irrigated area), palntin , time was from April to June, the early rainy season.
The cane was harvested at 10-11 months. Pest control measures in the IPM
plots are as follows.
Insect control
Sugarcane shoot borers management:
1. Planting moderately resistant variety F156.
2. Scouting the field at 15-day intervals beginning when cane is 1-4 months
old, using a sequential sampling method.
3. Applying insecticides only when the deadhearts reached the economic
threshold level of 10% in the dry season and 15% in the rainy season.
Effective insecticides are 0.04% cypermcthrin + 5% monocrotophos 20%,
0.0075 cypermethrin, 0.1% monocrotaphos, 0.1% endosulfan and
carbofuran as granular soil systemic insecticide at 1.5 kg a.i./ha.
4. Assessing the role of natural enemies as potential biological control agents.
Stem boring grub control
The following control measures were taken when replanting and when mean
numbers of grub were 1.5/in of cane row:
1. land removal of grubs after ploughing two times belore planting.
2. In endemic areas, spraying of the furrows with chlordane or heptachlor at 4­
5 kg a.i./ha.
Disease control
The following measures were taken to control the systematic diseases in
seed pieces (smut, White leaf, mosaic and red rot):
1. Encouraging healthy cane nursery.
2. Planting healthy and disease-free seed pieces from qualified nursery.
3. Eliminating volunteers before planting
4. Planting varieties F140 and Q83 which are resistant to the smut disease.
5. For cane in white leaf and smuitlt epidemic areas, soaking the seed pieces in
hot water (50')C) for 2 hours, or treating them with triadimefon 500 ppril or
furmecyclox 400 ppm for 30 minutes to control smut disease.
6. Regularly inspecting the cane nursery and destroying diseased plants.
Weed control
Land preparation was for cultural purposes and for weed control. The land
was ploughed and harrowed 7-10 days bef'ore planting. Weed stumnps were pulled
out as much as possible.