and Integrated Pest Management - part - usaid

OVERVIEW OF IPM INFRAS'FRUCTURI AND
IMPLEMENTATION ON FOOD CROPS IN INDONESIA
Kasmo
Directorate of Food Crop Protection, Indonesia
(Present address: PT INDAGRO Inc., 6 Jalan Raden Saleh
P.O. Box 3314, Jakarta 10430, Indonesia.)
In her effort to increase production of food crops and to cope with tie everincreasing
food demand due to rapid population growth, Indonesia implemented
four main agricultural programs emphasizing intensification, extension,
diversification, and rehabilitation, respectively. The implementation of the
intensification program focused on rice production by means of five principal
efforts (the so-called 'Panca usaha') that consists of (1)utilization of inproved
varieties, (2) good soil management, (3) good water management, (4) better
fertilization, and (5) adequate crop protection. Tile 'Panca usaha' has been
considered successful inthe sense that it led Indonesia to self-sufficiency in rice
in 1985 (Table 1). The challenge now is to maintain this level of production
bearing in mind that tile annual rate of population growth is still considerably
higi.
Next to rice, the production of' maize soybean, and peanuts is to be
increased lhrough diversification and intensification programs. Ilowever, the
Table I. Rice (milled) production in million tons for 1970-1985.
Year Product ion
1970 13.1
1971 13.7
1972 13.2
1973 14.6
1974 15.3
1975 15.2
1976 15.8
1977 15.9
1978 17.5
1979 17.9
198) 20.2
1981 22.3
1982 22.8
1983 24.0
1984 25.8
1985 26.6