UNESCO SCIENCE REPORT

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Figure 9.10: Publication profiles in the European Union, 2014 Life sciences dominate but the wide research base includes chemistry, physics, engineering and geosciences. French authors contribute to a fifth of the EU’s scientific output in mathematics British authors contribute to a third of the EU’s scientific output in psychology and social sciences Austria 1 368 1 559 15 412 6 154 1 807 6 131 5 404 3 033 23 153 183 8 692 606 669 Belgium 3 082 2 324 22 939 9 709 2 105 8 779 6 525 3 213 32 846 728 11 249 1 044 979 Bulgaria 461 327 2 018 2 318 158 1 089 733 621 1 321 18 2 386 29 23 Croatia 775 259 2 992 1 842 230 1 816 1 612 896 3 830 95 2 074 23 63 Cyprus 91 24 463 407 224 617 379 285 675 69 796 26 50 Czech Rep. 2 083 952 12 839 9 457 1 423 5 333 4 345 2 925 9 117 65 8 800 203 393 Denmark 2 820 1 580 19 017 5 227 5 263 1 018 6 483 1 272 26 659 519 6 806 533 764 Estonia 221 150 2 172 683 103 734 1 022 190 1 109 39 1 285 66 46 Finland 1 479 1 159 13 943 4 830 1 520 6 094 4 681 1 689 16 759 710 7 271 604 586 France 7 841 10 966 75 369 44 619 9 656 39 415 32 324 21 288 92 457 621 60 405 2 671 2 411 10 378 Germany 15 611 108 639 65 285 8 746 45 728 35 883 18 035 156 096 1 337 83 344 4 570 3 975 Greece 1 986 901 8 987 4 881 2 683 7 470 5 225 2 190 19 732 249 7 086 254 579 Hungary 883 685 7 925 4 454 696 2 202 1 838 2 427 8 055 77 5 343 272 163 Ireland 2 260 826 7 991 3 581 1 011 3 255 2 510 1 101 11 068 655 4 295 327 388 Italy 9 382 9 300 60 142 28 458 7 274 31 294 22 666 13 449 103 792 1 040 40 718 1 834 2 219 Latvia 71 41 475 444 72 624 139 77 418 4 661 13 10 Lithuania 532 135 1 092 824 361 2 311 689 502 1 061 35 1 900 11 54 Luxembourg 66 5 867 272 199 447 322 223 698 6 366 27 37 Malta 10 9 145 16 27 101 126 43 307 18 55 4 4 Netherlands 3 952 4 980 39 350 11 618 3 315 12 300 3 069 11 779 73 103 2 075 14 309 3 051 2 379 Poland 4 926 2 229 21 502 20 385 1 983 15 914 9 076 6 215 22 235 145 21 462 306 343 Portugal 2 312 935 12 294 8 602 1 553 8 425 6 736 2 782 9 474 234 7 398 393 565 Romania 529 239 2 754 5 240 1 002 4 780 2 291 3 976 3 613 218 6 311 29 361 Slovakia 566 392 3 414 2 594 470 1 949 1 173 840 2 160 32 3 510 45 109 Slovenia 577 152 3 075 2 184 619 2 979 1 030 1 092 3 070 106 3 042 64 107 Spain 13 638 7 299 56 015 35 461 9 859 28 830 22 076 11 063 62 076 1 131 30 082 2 155 2 410 Sweden 1 976 1 949 28 255 9 447 1 786 11 601 9 242 2 664 40 199 2 249 12 706 974 1 116 Note: Totals exclude 286 742 unclassified papers. UK 6 785 14 815 117 924 40 948 10 916 43 647 39 273 14 301 168 147 7 146 53 003 7 851 7 524 Agriculture Astronomy Biological sciences Chemistry Computer science Engineering Geosciences Mathematics Medical sciences Other life sciences Physics Psychology Social sciences 260
Figure 9.11: Publication performance in the European Union, 2014 The Nordic EU members have the highest publication intensities Publications per million inhabitants in 2014 39% EU’s share of global authorship in medical sciences, between 2008 and 2014 2 628 2 269 1 976 1 894 1 634 1 591 1 590 1 537 1 406 1 385 1 221 1 117 1 109 1 085 1 046 1 007 1 004 941 847 706 686 615 610 29.6% Growth in EU publications between 2005 and 2014 607 576 481 307 288 287 1 538 998 576 184 Denmark Sweden Finland Netherlands Belgium Luxembourg Slovenia Austria Ireland UK Estonia Portugal Germany EU28 average Spain France Czech Rep. Italy Greece Cyprus Croatia Poland Hungary Lithuania Slovakia Malta Romania Bulgaria Latvia Canada USA Japan China For comparison Among the large EU members, the UK has the highest average citation rate, followed by Germany Average citation rate for publications, 2008–2012 1.42 1.42 1.32 1.30 1.28 1.27 1.23 1.21 1.19 1.18 1.17 1.15 1.11 1.11 1.10 1.09 1.07 1.04 0.99 0.97 0.96 0.91 OECD average 1.08 0.81 0.79 0.78 0.77 0.71 0.70 Denmark Netherlands Belgium UK Ireland Sweden Austria Finland Cyprus Germany Luxembourg France Spain Italy Estonia Portugal EU28 average Malta Greece Slovenia Hungary Czech Rep. Bulgaria Romania Croatia Slovakia Poland Lithuania 0.69 Latvia The Netherlands tops the EU for quality, Cyprus and Estonia lead among the newcomers Share of papers among 10% most-cited, 2008–2012 15.3 15.1 14.3 14.1 14.0 13.5 13.5 13.3 13.0 12.7 OECD average 11.1% Netherlands Denmark Belgium UK Ireland Sweden Austria Cyprus Germany Luxembourg Estonia France Finland Italy Spain Malta EU28 average Portugal Greece Hungary Slovenia Czech Rep. Romania Bulgaria Slovakia Croatia Latvia Lithuania Poland 5.8 5.7 7.5 7.1 12.7 12.0 11.8 11.8 11.3 11.2 10.3 9.4 9.4 8.8 7.0 7.0 6.7 16.8 16.6 Chapter 9 261
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UNESCO SCIENCE REPORT Towards 2030
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Published in 2015 by the United Nat
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Report team Director of the Publica
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UNESCO SCIENCE REPORT A closer look
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UNESCO SCIENCE REPORT Table 25.1. S
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Foreword Irina Bokova, Director-Gen
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A more developmental approach to sc
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UNESCO SCIENCE REPORT in the contex
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Science for a sustainable and just
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Policy-makers should ... focus not
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Figure UNESCO 2.1: SCIENCE Trends i
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Science powers commerce - but not o
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UNESCO SCIENCE REPORT How best to i
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Figure 4.5: Scientific publication
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UNESCO SCIENCE REPORT In 2014, the
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The future looks brighter for busin
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UNESCO SCIENCE REPORT Boosting supp
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Figure 13.1: Trends in GERD 1.29% 1
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UNESCO SCIENCE REPORT In 2009, the
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RUSSIAN FEDERATION UNESCO Figure 14
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Figure UNESCO 16.11: SCIENCE Scient
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Page 780 and 781:
Table S3: R&D expenditure as a shar
Page 782 and 783:
Table S3: R&D expenditure as a shar
Page 784 and 785:
Table S4: Public expenditure on ter
Page 786 and 787:
Table S5: Tertiary graduates in 200
Page 788 and 789:
Page 790 and 791:
Page 792 and 793:
Table S6: Total researchers and res
Page 794 and 795:
Page 796 and 797:
Page 798 and 799:
Table S7: Researchers by field of s
Page 800 and 801:
Table S7: Researchers by field of s
Page 802 and 803:
Table S8: Scientific publications b
Page 804 and 805:
Table S9: Publications by major fie
Page 806 and 807:
Page 808 and 809:
Page 810 and 811:
Table S10: Scientific publications
Page 812 and 813:
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Page 818:
UNESCO SCIENCE REPORT Data obtained
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UNESCO SCIENCE REPORT

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