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UNESCO Figure 20.6: SCIENCE Scientific REPORT publication trends in SADC countries, 2005–2014 SEYCHELLES 1.20 Average citation rate, 2008–2012, for the four countries with the most output: South Africa, Tanzania, Malawi and Zimbabwe; the G20 average is 1.02 Output from Malawi and Mozambique has almost tripled since 2005 SWAZILAND LESOTHO 10 000 10 000 South Africa 9 309 South Africa 9 309 8 000 8 000 6 000 6 000 4 235 4 000 4 235 4 000 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 800 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014Tanzania 770 800 700 Tanzania 770 700 600 600 500 500 400 400 300 300 200 200 100 100 0 0 150 120 90 60 30 0 323 323 173 116 114 173 112 116 114 96 112 55 96 55 Strong growth in Angola and the Democratic Republic of Congo 150 120 90 60 30 0 80 80 Malawi 322 Zimbabwe Malawi 322 310 Zambia Zimbabwe 245 310 Botswana Zambia 245 210 Madagascar Botswana 210 188 Mozambique158 Madagascar 188 Mozambique158 Namibia 139 Congo, Dem. Rep 114 Congo, Dem. Rep 114 Mauritius 89 Mauritius 89 49 Angola 45 49 Seychelles Angola 45 34 22 Swaziland 25 21 Seychelles 34 17 22 Lesotho Swaziland 16 25 12 21 17 5 Lesotho 16 12 5 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 Namibia 139 544
Life sciences and geosciences dominate Cumulative totals by field, 2008–2014 Southern Africa 2 1 Angola 2 48 8 8 38 1 61 Botswana 58 1 298 76 7 41 140 62 162 24 23 9 11 25 5 4 Congo, Dem. Rep. 17 192 16 6 50 1 216 5 9 Lesotho 15 23 7 1 11 7 4 22 9 7 1 18 Madagascar 58 524 29 17 102 13 171 1 18 8 Malawi 76 470 3 39 5 1 23 80 3 601 7 34 2 Mauritius 24 2 131 59 6 29 58 22 43 7 18 6 7 Mozambique 31 232 97 104 3 256 20 9 7 9 3 Namibia 13 77 194 3 16 125 6 69 16 3 Seychelles 2 72 44 30 4 3 1 398 272 South Africa 13 696 4 329 386 3 655 5 022 1 714 8 758 470 3 424 1 863 749 1 Swaziland 17 69 10 1 10 17 9 26 9 9 3 41 15 Tanzania 17 1 1 045 8 80 336 4 1278 51 23 94 1 22 3 Zambia 29 423 3 14 61 478 12 37 2 12 5 Zimbabwe 173 534 9 21 161 13 318 19 34 Agriculture Astronomy Biological sciences Chemistry Computer science Engineering Geosciences Mathematics Medical sciences Other life sciences Physics Psychology Social sciences Chapter 20 Seychelles and South Africa have the most publications per million inhabitants Publications per million inhabitants, 2014 364 175 103 2 2 6 8 8 15 16 19 20 21 59 71 Congo, Dem. Rep. Angola Mozambique Lesotho Madagascar Tanzania Zambia Malawi Swaziland Zimbabwe Namibia Mauritius Botswana South Africa Seychelles South Africa is a key research partner for most SADC countries Main foreign partners, 2008–2014 (number of papers) 1st collaborator 2nd collaborator 3rd collaborator 4th collaborator 5th collaborator Angola Portugal (73) USA (34) Brazil (32) UK (31) Spain/France (26) Botswana USA (367) South Africa (241) UK(139) Canada (58) Germany (51) Congo, Dem. Rep. Belgium (286) USA (189) France (125) UK (77) Switzerland (65) Lesotho South Africa (56) USA (34) UK (13) Switzerland (10) Australia (8) Madagascar France (530) USA (401) UK (180) Germany (143) South Africa (78) Malawi USA (739) UK (731) South Africa (314) Kenya /N.lands (129) Mauritius UK (101) USA (80) France (44) India (43) South Africa (40) Mozambique USA (239) Spain (193) South Africa (155) UK (138) Portugal (113) Namibia South Africa (304) USA (184) Germany (177) UK (161) Australia (115) Seychelles UK (69) USA (64) Switzerland (52) France (41) Australia (31) South Africa USA (9 920) UK (7 160) Germany (4 089) Australia (3 448) France (3 445) Swaziland South Africa (104) USA (59) UK (45) Switz./ Tanzania (12) Tanzania USA (1 212) UK (1 129) Kenya (398) Switzerland (359) South Africa (350) Zambia USA (673) UK (326) South Africa (243) Switzerland (101) Kenya (100) Zimbabwe South Africa (526) USA (395) UK (371) Netherlands (132) Uganda (124) Source: Thomson Reuters’ Web of Science, Science Citation Index Expanded; data treatment by Science–Metrix 545
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UNESCO SCIENCE REPORT Towards 2030
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Published in 2015 by the United Nat
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Report team Director of the Publica
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UNESCO SCIENCE REPORT A closer look
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UNESCO SCIENCE REPORT Table 25.1. S
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Foreword Irina Bokova, Director-Gen
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UNESCO SCIENCE REPORT 2016 Internat
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A more developmental approach to sc
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Science for a sustainable and just
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UNESCO SCIENCE REPORT 2016 20 18
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Figure UNESCO 2.1: SCIENCE Trends i
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UNESCO SCIENCE REPORT 2016 22 104
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Science powers commerce - but not o
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UNESCO SCIENCE REPORT Some challeng
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UNESCO SCIENCE REPORT How best to i
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Figure 4.5: Scientific publication
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UNESCO SCIENCE REPORT In 2014, the
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The future looks brighter for busin
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Figure 9.11 (continued) All EU memb
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RUSSIAN FEDERATION UNESCO Figure 14
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UNESCO SCIENCE REPORT Data obtained
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