UNESCO SCIENCE REPORT

Table S6: Total researchers and researchers per million inhabitants,
2009 and 2013
Researchers in full–time equivalents
2009 2013
Total researchers
Female
researchers (%) *
North America
Canada 150 220 – 4 451 156 550 -1 – 4 494 -1
United States of America 1 250 984 r – 4 042 r 1 265 064 -1,r – 3 984 -1,r
Latin America
Argentina 43 717 50.52 1 092 51 598 -1 51.61 -1 1 256 -1
Belize – – – – – –
Bolivia 1 422 – 142 1 646 -3 – 162 -3
Brazil 129 102 – 667 138 653 -3 – 710 -3
Chile 4 859 q 31.41 q 286 q 6 798 -1,q 31.66 -1,q 389 -1,q
Colombia 7 500 36.54 164 7 702 -1 37.15 -1 161 -1
Costa Rica 4 479 b 51.33 -1 973 b 6 107 -2,b 45.04 -2,h 1 289 -2,b
Ecuador 1 739 39.81 118 2 736 -2 39.30 -2 179 -2
El Salvador – – – – – –
Guatemala 554 q 35.20 q 40 q 411 -1,q 41.85 -1,q 27 -1,q
Guyana – – – – – –
Honduras – – – – – –
Mexico 42 973 – 369 46 125 -2 – 386 -2
Nicaragua – – – – – –
Panama 394 – 109 438 -2 30.59 -2 117 -2
Paraguay 466 -1 – 75 -1 1 081 -1 – 162 -1
Peru – – – – – –
Suriname – – – – – –
Uruguay 1 617 – 481 1 803 47.48 529
Venezuela 5 209 q 53.41 q 182 q 8 686 -1,q – 290 -1,q
Caribbean
Antigua and Barbuda – – – – – –
Bahamas – – – – – –
Barbados – – – – – –
Cuba – – – – – –
Dominica – – – – – –
Dominican Rep. – – – – – –
Grenada – – – – – –
Haiti – – – – – –
Jamaica – – – – – –
St Kitts and Nevis – – – – – –
St Lucia – – – – – –
St Vincent and the Grenadines – – – – – –
Trinidad and Tobago – – – – – –
European Union
Austria 34 664 22.40 4 141 39 923 r,v 22.80 -2 4 699 r,v
Belgium 38 225 31.56 3 519 44 649 v 31.73 -2 4 021 v
Bulgaria 11 968 48.43 1 607 12 275 49.61 -1 1 699
Croatia 6 931 48.82 1 593 6 529 49.82 -1 1 522
Cyprus 873 37.57 801 885 v 37.51 -1 776 v
Czech Rep. 28 759 26.04 2 743 34 271 24.72 -1 3 202
Denmark 36 789 29.77 6 659 40 858 r,v 31.59 -2 7 271 r,v
Estonia 4 314 41.63 3 311 4 407 42.84 -1 3 424
Finland 40 849 – 7 644 39 196 s – 7 223 s
France 234 366 p – 3 727 p 265 177 s,v 26.05 -1,q 4 125 s,v
Germany 317 307 20.57 3 815 360 310 r,v 22.08 -2 4 355 r,v
Greece 21 014 -2,r 31.71 -4 1 899 -2,r 29 055 s 38.92 -2,s 2 611 s
Hungary 20 064 30.42 2 000 25 038 28.41 -1 2 515
Ireland 14 189 r 32.79 r 3 217 r 15 732 -1,r 30.27 -2,r 3 438 -1,r
Italy 101 840 34.19 1 691 117 973 v 35.75 -1 1 934 v
Latvia 3 621 50.35 1 714 3 625 50.85 -1 1 768
Lithuania 8 490 50.45 2 737 8 557 50.18 -1 2 836
Luxembourg 2 396 22.30 4 811 2 615 s,v 24.18 -2 4 931 s,v
Malta 494 29.15 1 168 878 v 28.18 -1 2 047 v
Netherlands 46 958 – 2 835 72 325 s,v 26.56 -1 4 316 s,v
Poland 61 105 38.15 1 600 71 472 36.73 -1 1 870
Portugal 39 834 44.66 3 765 43 321 v 44.49 -1 4 084 v
Romania 19 271 44.85 879 18 704 s 44.78 -1,s 862 s
Slovakia 13 290 42.19 2 450 14 727 41.79 2 702
Slovenia 7 446 33.75 3 642 8 707 s 33.99 -1,s 4 202 s
Spain 133 803 38.51 2 924 123 225 38.47 -1 2 626
Sweden 47 160 q 29.70 q 5 065 q 62 294 q,s 30.19 -2,q,s 6 509 q,s
United Kingdom 256 124 r – 4 151 r 259 347 r,v – 4 108 r,v
South–East Europe
Albania 467 -1,q 44.33 -1,q 148 -1,q – – –
Bosnia and Herzegovina 745 -2,q – 193 -2,q 829 s 36.50 216 s
Macedonia, FYR 893 53.86 425 1 402 51.04 665
Montenegro – – – 404 48.68 -2,r 650
Serbia 10 444 47.72 1 076 12 342 50.00 -1 1 298
Researchers per
million inhabitants
Total researchers
Female
researchers (%) *
Researchers per
million inhabitants
768