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The Economic Consequences of Homelessness in The US

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This derivation illustrates three key components <strong>of</strong> fixed-rate loans: (1) the fixed monthly<br />

payment depends upon the amount borrowed, the <strong>in</strong>terest rate, and the length <strong>of</strong> time<br />

over which the loan is repaid; (2) the amount owed every month equals the amount<br />

owed from the previous month plus <strong>in</strong>terest on that amount, m<strong>in</strong>us the fixed monthly<br />

payment; (3) the fixed monthly payment is chosen so that the loan is paid <strong>of</strong>f <strong>in</strong> full with<br />

<strong>in</strong>terest at the end <strong>of</strong> its term and no more money is owed.<br />

FRM <strong>in</strong> S<strong>in</strong>gapore<br />

A fixed rate mortgage <strong>in</strong> the Republic only has the <strong>in</strong>terest rate fixed for the first three to<br />

five years <strong>of</strong> the loan, after which it will become variable.<br />

United K<strong>in</strong>gdom<br />

Nationwide Commercial recently issued a 30 year fixed rate mortgage as bridg<strong>in</strong>g<br />

f<strong>in</strong>ance.<br />

Adjustable Rate Mortgages<br />

A variable-rate mortgage, adjustable-rate mortgage (ARM), or tracker mortgage is<br />

a mortgage loan with the <strong>in</strong>terest rate on the note periodically adjusted based on an<br />

<strong>in</strong>dex which reflects the cost to the lender <strong>of</strong> borrow<strong>in</strong>g on the credit markets. <strong>The</strong> loan<br />

may be <strong>of</strong>fered at the lender's standard variable rate/base rate. <strong>The</strong>re may be a direct<br />

and legally def<strong>in</strong>ed l<strong>in</strong>k to the underly<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong>dex, but where the lender <strong>of</strong>fers no specific<br />

l<strong>in</strong>k to the underly<strong>in</strong>g market or <strong>in</strong>dex the rate can be changed at the lender's discretion.<br />

<strong>The</strong> term "variable-rate mortgage" is most common outside the United States, whilst <strong>in</strong><br />

the United States, "adjustable-rate mortgage" is most common, and implies a mortgage<br />

regulated by the Federal government, with caps on charges. In many countries,<br />

adjustable rate mortgages are the norm, and <strong>in</strong> such places, may simply be referred to<br />

as mortgages.<br />

Among the most common <strong>in</strong>dices are the rates on 1-year constant-maturity Treasury<br />

(CMT) securities, the Cost <strong>of</strong> Funds Index (COFI), and the London Interbank Offered<br />

Rate (LIBOR). A few lenders use their own cost <strong>of</strong> funds as an <strong>in</strong>dex, rather than us<strong>in</strong>g<br />

other <strong>in</strong>dices. This is done to ensure a steady marg<strong>in</strong> for the lender, whose own cost <strong>of</strong><br />

Page 218 <strong>of</strong> 289

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