African Folklore: An Encyclopedia - Marshalls University

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African folklore 974 Conclusions A universal tale-type index or a motif-index, though theoretically possible to develop, has proven impossible to achieve from a practical perspective. Consequently, the need for indices addressing more manageable amounts of data pertaining to less diverse groups led to the development of regional indices. In all instances, the key concept of a tale-type has been maintained. These regional indices offer much more data than a universal tale-type index does. Unfortunately, all followed in the footsteps of the original index of dealing with undifferentiated “national,” “ethnic,” or “culture” groups: the individual narrator and his or her social affiliations are still not accounted for (El-Shamy 1988, 1988a). As such, these useful indices were merely reflecting the general view in folklore scholarship that culture differences exist among various national, ethnic, or racial groups, rather than among specific social categories within folk communities. It is also evident that the typological qualities of an international tale-type in Africa can be effectively identified not solely through comparisons with its European parallels as designated in the Aarne-Thompson index, but rather within the context of other African counterparts. The developing of an inclusive and comprehensive “Tale-Type Index for Folk Narratives in Africa,” which would build on that which has been accomplished, is needed. The new index(s) should also provide vital data about the narrators (e.g., gender, age, religious affiliation, social status, and so on). Such a work would provide scholars with an essential tool for approaching the complex and varied questions they pose about culture, society, personality, literary genres, world views, oral history and more significantly, the tales themselves and their meanings. References Aarne, Antti, and Stith Thompson. 1961. The Types of the Folktale. Helsinki: Academia Scientiarum Fennica. Arewa, E.Ojo. 1980. A Classification of Folktales of the Northern East African Cattle Area by Types. New York, Arno Press. Clark, Kenneth W. 1957. A Motif Index of the Folktales of Culture Area V: West Africa. M.A. thesis, Indiana University, Bloomington. Dorson, Richard M. 1972. Concepts of Folklore and Folklife Studies. In Folklore and Folklife: an Introduction, ed. R.M. Dorson. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. Haring, Lee. 1982. Malagasy Tale Index. Helsinki. Academia Scientiarum Fennica. Klipple, May Augusta. 1992. African Folktales with Foreign Analogues. New York and London: Garland. Lambrecht, Winifred. 1967. A Tale Type Index for Central Africa. Ph. D. dissertation, University of California, Berkeley. Littmann, Enno. 1910. Tales, Customs, Names, and Dirges of the Tigré Tribes. Leiden: Brill. Nowak, Ursula. 1969. Beiträge zur Typologie des arabischen Volksmärchen. Ph.D. dissertation, Freiburg im Breisgau. Propp, Vladimir, 1984. Morphology of the Folktale, ed. Svantava P. Jakobson, trans. Lawrence Scott. Farmington, Ind. Shamy (El-), Hasan M. 1980. Folktales of Egypt: Collected, Translated and Edited with Middle Eastern and [sub- Saharan] African Parallels. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
African Americans 975 ——. 1988. Towards A Demographically Oriented Type Index for Tales of the Arab World. In Cahiers de Littérature Orale; La tradition au present (monde arabe) 23, ed. Praline Gay-Para: Paris: Publication Langues O. ——. 1988a. A Type Index for Tales of the Arab World. Fabula 29, nos. 1–2:150–63. ——. 1995. Folk Traditions of the Arab World: a Guide to motif Classification, 2 vols. Bloomington: Indiana University Press. ——. 1999. Tales Arab Women Tell: And the Behavioral Patterns they Portray. Collected, translated, edited, and interpreted. Bloomington: Indiana University Press. Thompson, Stith. 1946. The Folktale. New York: Holt. ——. 1955–1958. Motif-Index of Folk Literature. 6 vols. Bloomington, Indiana University Press. HASAN M.EL-SHAMY See also Dilemma Tales; Folktales; Initiation; Old Man and Old Woman; Orphan Motif
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African Folklore
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African Folklore An Encyclopedia Ph
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To Our Teachers: William Bascom, Ri
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INTRODUCTION The Continent of Afric
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limited to ancient myths and animal
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“In the beginning was the Word…
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contemporary Africanists and Africa
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We give special thanks to our Advis
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LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS David Adu-Aman
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University of Delaware David A.Brin
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Department of Pan-African Studies U
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School of Oriental and African Stud
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Daniel Mato Department of Art Histo
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University of Washington Oyekan Owo
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State University of New York at Buf
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LIST OF ENTRIES Algeria Ancestors A
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Djibouti (Republic of Djibouti) Dol
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Legends: East Africa Lesotho (Kingd
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The Oxford Library of African Liter
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Surrogate Languages: Alternative Co
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Africa
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Northeast Africa: The Horn
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Southern Africa
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See Diaspora A AFRICAN AMERICANS AK
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African Americans 3 Ancestors form
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African Americans 5 Ephirim-Donkor,
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African Americans 7 put it. Accordi
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African Americans 9 beast, just “
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African Americans 11 archaisms, cli
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African Americans 13 With syntax, c
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African Americans 15 Zimbabwe On a
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African Americans 17 dug out about
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African Americans 19 towerlike unit
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African Americans 21 media formats
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African Americans 23 Astrology and
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African Americans 25 architect over
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African Americans 27 The fishermen
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See Joking Relationships African Am
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African Americans 31 The Engeley ma
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African Americans 33 Southern music
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African Americans 35 Levine, Lawren
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African Americans 37 This involved
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African Americans 39 References Bas
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African Americans 41 characteristic
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African Americans 43 Specialization
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Trowell, Margaret. 1960. African De
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African Americans 47 are shown as w
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African Americans 49 admires a part
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African Americans 51 “dug out of
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African Americans 53 BIRTH AND DEAT
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African Americans 55 It centered up
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African Americans 57 their homestea
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African Americans 59 raising of fun
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African Americans 61 prejudice agai
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African Americans 63 submerging in
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African Americans 65 supreme milita
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African Americans 67 Goldwork and G
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African Americans 69 From the fifte
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African Americans 71 chiefdoms and
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African Americans 73 See also Beadw
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African Americans 75 Europe, it fel
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African Americans 77 BODY ARTS: HAI
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African Americans 79 Sahel region,
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African Americans 81 BRAZIL See Dia
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African Americans 83 C CALL-AND-RES
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African Americans 85 References Ben
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African Americans 87 CARDINAL DIREC
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African Americans 89 Little has bee
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African Americans 91 northwestern a
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African Americans 93 social levelin
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African Americans 95 and Trinidad.
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African Americans 97 the Bahamas, a
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African Americans 99 A participant
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African Americans 101 their music a
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African Americans 103 published in
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African Americans 105 Amin’s reig
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African Americans 107 dispenser tha
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African Americans 109 cultures of t
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African Americans 111 formulae, whi
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African Americans 113 may be sung,
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African Americans 115 Van Caeneghem
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African Americans 117 degrees Centi
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African Americans 119 Kwahu, Anyi,
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African Americans 121 occasionally,
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African Americans 123 variety of tr
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See also Okyeame; Queen Mothers Afr
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African Americans 127 that which is
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African Americans 129 References Mw
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African Americans 131 Folktales One
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African Americans 133 (There was an
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African Americans 135 Twenty-eight
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African Americans 137 usage serves
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African Americans 139 In the past t
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African Americans 141 CONCERT PARTI
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African Americans 143 The plays, pa
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African Americans 145 CONTEMPORARY
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African Americans 147 COSMOLOGY The
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African Americans 149 Achieving Per
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African Americans 151 Agni, Kru, Se
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African Americans 153 See also Cari
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African Americans 155 societal stru
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African Americans 157 place mainly
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African Americans 159 demonstrate h
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African Americans 161 3. Oluwa ni o
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African Americans 163 Mobutu’s po
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African Americans 165 cannot admire
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African Americans 167 Not only do a
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African Americans 169 There are two
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African Americans 171 Pastor Matthe
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African Americans 173 young girls a
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African Americans 175 N’Diaye, Di
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African Americans 177 Samba and Car
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African Americans 179 Folklore Char
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African Americans 181 designs in si
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African Americans 183 A Luba (Congo
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African Americans 185 registers cha
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African Americans 187 relatives in
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African Americans 189 Oluguere Ko K
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African Americans 191 Anonymous, n.
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African Americans 193 Congo, for ex
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African Americans 195 References Ca
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African Americans 197 legal redress
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African Americans 199 The French an
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African Americans 201 is not forced
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African Americans 203 include the t
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African Americans 205 Curley, R. 19
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African Americans 207 throughout Af
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African Americans 209 E EAST AFRICA
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African Americans 211 done without
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African Americans 213 are considere
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African Americans 215 Education and
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African Americans 217 Osofisan, Bab
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African Americans 219 Shona, Tonga,
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African Americans 221 annually cele
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African Americans 223 formats. The
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African Americans 225 Mytton, Graha
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African Americans 227 The tradition
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African Americans 229 incurred the
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African Americans 231 place assigne
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African Americans 233 events he is
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African Americans 235 Dumestre, Gé
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African Americans 237 conflict grew
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works in all media display a consis
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African Americans 241 Christian Cop
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African Americans 243 Influenced by
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See Music African Americans 245 EWE
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African Americans 247 usually sever
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African Americans 249 sport coats.
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African Americans 251 FILMS ON AFRI
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African Americans 253 and respectfu
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African Americans 255 itinerant cer
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African Americans 257 Some films fo
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African Americans 259 Robert Gessai
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African Americans 261 Medicine Many
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African Americans 263 initiates sin
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African Americans 265 also fascinat
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African Americans 267 “system of
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African Americans 269 Even though t
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African Americans 271 song, which i
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African Americans 273 Performance W
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African Americans 275 borders of Na
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African Americans 277 For Pounded Y
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African Americans 279 undertook the
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African Americans 281 other, someti
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African Americans 283 orality from
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See Epics; Prose and Poetry of the
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African Americans 287 GAMBIA, THE (
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African Americans 289 preserve in t
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African Americans 291 (long tongue)
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African Americans 293 Seitel, Peter
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African Americans 295 Hermann Bauma
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African Americans 297 interpretatio
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African Americans 299 Hand Gestures
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African Americans 301 a chopping mo
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African Americans 303 twentieth-cen
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African Americans 305 Legon’s Sch
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African Americans 307 as “the pop
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African Americans 309 Waja women us
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African Americans 311 The importanc
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African Americans 313 fretless harp
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African Americans 315 neighbors as
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African Americans 317 Kusuzya: The
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African Americans 319 Chart 3: Man
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African Americans 321 Greeting an U
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African Americans 323 There are two
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African Americans 325 GRIAULE, MARC
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African Americans 327 Sold into Spa
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African Americans 329 griot or grio
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African Americans 331 GUINEA-BISSAU
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African Americans 333 differences,
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African Americans 335 often trouble
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African Americans 337 singers tend
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African Americans 339 Proverbs in A
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African Americans 341 Archival Sour
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African Americans 343 following peo
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African Americans 345 doubt, will c
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African Americans 347 One particula
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African Americans 349 HISTORY AND R
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African Americans 351 References Co
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African Americans 353 provided with
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African Americans 355 The leader ma
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creation of national parks. Game po
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African Americans 359 one’s own l
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African Americans 361 Ideophones ar
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African Americans 363 Four green vo
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African Americans 365 As would be e
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African Americans 367 A relatively
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African Americans 369 INSTITUTIONAL
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African Americans 371 graduate cour
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African Americans 373 renamed the E
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African Americans 375 as part of th
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African Americans 377 The center ha
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African Americans 379 Nearly three
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African Americans 381 ISLAMIC BROTH
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African Americans 383 Today Touba
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African Americans 385 rosary and th
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African Americans 387 J JAPANESE ST
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African Americans 389 Sofue, Takao.
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African Americans 391 during daytim
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African Americans 393 illustrates,
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African Americans 395 Radcliffe-Bro
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African Americans 397 At a funeral
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African Americans 399 they avoid re
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See Tourism and Tourist Arts Africa
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African Americans 403 Using these e
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African Americans 405 References As
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African Americans 407 Apart from th
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spoken in Madagascar. Due to coloni
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African Americans 411 The first lev
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African Americans 413 Creole langua
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African Americans 415 (yes) and zun
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African Americans 417 common cultur
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African Americans 419 Political Leg
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African Americans 421 Warfare Legen
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African Americans 423 Christians ac
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African Americans 425 between the h
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African Americans 427 are successfu
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African Americans 429 Odak, O. 1995
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African Americans 431 creativity an
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African Americans 433 were both des
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African Americans 435 organizations
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African Americans 437 LINGUISTICS A
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convey hypocrisy. Its power can and
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See Prose Narratives African Americ
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African Americans 443 A corn market
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African Americans 445 frequent, hol
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African Americans 447 The world tha
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African Americans 449 (transl. from
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African Americans 451 History From
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African Americans 453 It is true th
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African Americans 455 Mention shoul
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African Americans 457 In many Afric
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African Americans 459 circles, tria
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African Americans 461 MALAGASY See
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African Americans 463 generally, bu
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African Americans 465 emerges fully
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African Americans 467 ——2000. W
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On September 22, 1960, Mali gained
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African Americans 471 “sleeping
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African Americans 473 Janzen, J.M.
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African Americans 475 objects were
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African Americans 477 The Muslim-Ar
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African Americans 479 Herzfeld, Mic
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African Americans 481 horns, or tee
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African Americans 483 Preparation a
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African Americans 485 Regardless of
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African Americans 487 that female p
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African Americans 489 expression. M
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African Americans 491 Tonkin, Eliza
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African Americans 493 environments.
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African Americans 495 The perceived
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African Americans 497 decrease of t
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African Americans 499 pious Muslim
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African Americans 501 social groups
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African Americans 503 easily treate
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African Americans 505 The other str
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African Americans 507 METALLURGY AN
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African Americans 509 Women were oc
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African Americans 511 which still s
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African Americans 513 MUSIC IN AFRI
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African Americans 515 African music
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African Americans 517 reflects the
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African Americans 519 vitality of t
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African Americans 521 can sound qui
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African Americans 523 In the realm
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African Americans 525 Those musicia
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African Americans 527 MUSIC: ATALAK
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African Americans 529 Lonoh, M.B. 1
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African Americans 531 questions of
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African Americans 533 Idiophones: T
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African Americans 535 References Ku
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African Americans 537 Musicians are
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African Americans 539 spontaneity a
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African Americans 541 configuration
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African Americans 543 Collins, John
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African Americans 545 only to the c
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African Americans 547 cases bears a
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African Americans 549 Despite its i
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African Americans 551 Collins/Bokoo
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African Americans 553 MUSICAL INSTR
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African Americans 555 their values
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African Americans 557 bow, or the e
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African Americans 559 The five-stri
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African Americans 561 guide: the ne
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African Americans 563 to have accep
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African Americans 565 Koto the Bird
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African Americans 567 A procession
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African Americans 569 Cosmic Dualis
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African Americans 571 universal pow
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African Americans 573 two of whom d
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African Americans 575 NAMING CUSTOM
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African Americans 577 NAMING CUSTOM
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African Americans 579 after the dea
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African Americans 581 (Evans-Pritch
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African Americans 583 ——. 1969.
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African Americans 585 abandoned and
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African Americans 587 The Northeast
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African Americans 589 the introduct
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African Americans 591 with his cult
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African Americans 593 The Aarne-Tho
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African Americans 595 Maspero, Gast
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African Americans 597 Animals endow
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African Americans 599 Kennedy, John
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African Americans 601 this writing
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African Americans 603 O OKYEAME Oky
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African Americans 605 to the royal
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African Americans 607 married life
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African Americans 609 exotica that
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African Americans 611 beginning to
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African Americans 613 Olatunji’s
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African Americans 615 Igbo dramatic
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African Americans 617 deconstruct t
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African Americans 619 Jackson, Mich
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African Americans 621 ORAL LITERATU
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African Americans 623 The term oral
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African Americans 625 focus into va
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African Americans 627 None of the t
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African Americans 629 types of tale
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African Americans 631 were based in
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African Americans 633 based on past
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African Americans 635 considered to
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African Americans 637 wherever they
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African Americans 639 memorabilia o
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African Americans 641 There are app
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African Americans 643 Finally, anot
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African Americans 645 Gender Rhetor
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African Americans 647 Political ora
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African Americans 649 Songs Songs a
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African Americans 651 to illus-trat
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African Americans 653 pan-human dil
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African Americans 655 See also Dias
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African Americans 657 There are mul
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African Americans 659 and imaginati
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African Americans 661 A very large
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African Americans 663 P PALAVER (KI
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African Americans 665 References La
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African Americans 667 Orally transm
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African Americans 669 PERFORMANCE S
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African Americans 671 painting; it
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African Americans 673 restore or re
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African Americans 675 performing mu
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African Americans 677 unconditional
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African Americans 679 Hale, Thomas
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African Americans 681 blacks. Becau
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African Americans 683 tradition, me
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African Americans 685 admiral Balã
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African Americans 687 Espirito Sant
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African Americans 689 PERFORMING AR
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African Americans 691 imagery. Gene
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African Americans 693 seasonal cele
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African Americans 695 people’s li
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African Americans 697 given to a li
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African Americans 699 Lingala Linga
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African Americans 701 POLYRHYTHM Po
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African Americans 703 term is that
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African Americans 705 customers fol
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African Americans 707 The 1950s saw
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African Americans 709 money, limiti
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African Americans 711 Little occurr
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African Americans 713 such as the s
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African Americans 715 warfare techn
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African Americans 717 ——. 1964c
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African Americans 719 incorporate p
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African Americans 721 San Praises S
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African Americans 723 advances in t
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Translation: Translation: African A
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Translation: African Americans 727
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African Americans 729 Worker poets
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Translation: African Americans 731
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African Americans 733 Opland, Jeff.
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African Americans 735 abundant. The
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African Americans 737 Genres of Son
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African Americans 739 PROSE NARRATI
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African Americans 741 associated wi
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African Americans 743 which they di
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African Americans 745 of this type
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African Americans 747 personal iden
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African Americans 749 holidays. The
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African Americans 751 according to
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African Americans 753 Rasmussen, Su
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African Americans 755 function of t
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African Americans 757 accepted soci
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African Americans 759 In northern T
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African Americans 761 The Kwagh-hir
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African Americans 763 Q QUEEN MOTHE
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African Americans 765 Political Rol
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African Americans 767 relations to
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African Americans 769 the hierarchi
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African Americans 771 O’Barr, Jea
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African Americans 773 women’s ret
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African Americans 775 RASTAFARI: A
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African Americans 777 harbored. Ove
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African Americans 779 Chevannes, Ba
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African Americans 781 how was the w
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African Americans 783 ancient scrip
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African Americans 785 RELIGIONS: AF
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African Americans 787 Oxumara is re
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African Americans 789 Bastide, Roge
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African Americans 791 Catholic brot
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African Americans 793 frequently th
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RIDDLES: SESOTHO RIDDLES The Basoth
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African Americans 797 themselves in
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African Americans 799 Herero women
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African Americans 801 the Okiek peo
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African Americans 803 Africanists:
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African Americans 805 Rwandan poet
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African Americans 807 individuals a
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African Americans 809 invocations t
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African Americans 811 A plate plast
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African Americans 813 History Membe
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African Americans 815 calendrical f
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African Americans 817 Pichardo, Ern
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African Americans 819 Frequently, i
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African Americans 821 References ,
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African Americans 823 SEYCHELLES Lo
Page 875 and 876:
African Americans 825 Aitin, Davide
Page 877 and 878:
African Americans 827 Among the Men
Page 879 and 880:
African Americans 829 A Narrative G
Page 881 and 882:
African Americans 831 triumphs over
Page 883 and 884:
the proverb says, “Knead your own
Page 885 and 886:
problem for its people for centurie
Page 887 and 888:
usually characterized by a more phi
Page 889 and 890:
African Americans 839 longan, and p
Page 891 and 892:
African Americans 841 The little pa
Page 893 and 894:
African Americans 843 South Africa
Page 895 and 896:
African Americans 845 poem interact
Page 897 and 898:
African Americans 847 coordinates t
Page 899 and 900:
African Americans 849 original and
Page 901 and 902:
African Americans 851 customs the w
Page 903 and 904:
African Americans 853 “ownership,
Page 905 and 906:
African Americans 855 SOUTHERN AFRI
Page 907 and 908:
African Americans 857 would continu
Page 909 and 910:
African Americans 859 the nation, h
Page 911 and 912:
African Americans 861 heard the gun
Page 913 and 914:
African Americans 863 There are als
Page 915 and 916:
African Americans 865 Jones, A.M.,
Page 917 and 918:
African Americans 867 prescriptive
Page 919 and 920:
African Americans 869 the 1980s. In
Page 921 and 922:
African Americans 871 Those seminal
Page 923 and 924:
African Americans 873 Studies of Sh
Page 925 and 926:
African Americans 875 Bourdillon, M
Page 927 and 928:
African Americans 877 The hunter to
Page 929 and 930:
African Americans 879 are designate
Page 931 and 932:
African Americans 881 See also Dias
Page 933 and 934:
African Americans 883 Strickland, B
Page 935 and 936:
African Americans 885 wear the face
Page 937 and 938:
African Americans 887 central state
Page 939 and 940:
African Americans 889 trade. It has
Page 941 and 942:
African Americans 891 collected by
Page 943 and 944:
African Americans 893 ——. 1970.
Page 945 and 946:
African Americans 895 A Xhosa woman
Page 947 and 948:
African Americans 897 Nokavala, a X
Page 949 and 950:
African Americans 899 but they can
Page 951 and 952:
African Americans 901 Arabic is the
Page 953 and 954:
African Americans 903 differ in voc
Page 955 and 956:
African Americans 905 disappearance
Page 957 and 958:
African Americans 907 People, Anima
Page 959 and 960:
African Americans 909 Surrogate lan
Page 961 and 962:
Nketia, J.H.Kwabena. 1971. Surrogat
Page 963 and 964:
African Americans 913 T TABWA See A
Page 965 and 966:
African Americans 915 smoothness or
Page 967 and 968:
African Americans 917 crucial momen
Page 969 and 970:
African Americans 919 Domowitz note
Page 971 and 972:
African Americans 921 Technological
Page 973 and 974: African Americans 923 Multiple Patt
Page 975 and 976: African Americans 925 Central Afric
Page 977 and 978: African Americans 927 Contemporary
Page 979 and 980: African Americans 929 pillows. They
Page 981 and 982: African Americans 931 References Be
Page 983 and 984: African Americans 933 considered mu
Page 985 and 986: African Americans 935 more popular
Page 987 and 988: African Americans 937 Jeyifo, Biodu
Page 989 and 990: African Americans 939 thunderous ex
Page 991 and 992: African Americans 941 References Co
Page 993 and 994: African Americans 943 being perform
Page 995 and 996: African Americans 945 The first Yor
Page 997 and 998: African Americans 947 TIV See Perfo
Page 999 and 1000: African Americans 949 Olakhalaka ak
Page 1001 and 1002: African Americans 951 identity and
Page 1003 and 1004: African Americans 953 TOURISM AND T
Page 1005 and 1006: African Americans 955 markets, novi
Page 1007 and 1008: African Americans 957 longer be pos
Page 1009 and 1010: African Americans 959 Povey, John.
Page 1011 and 1012: African Americans 961 References Ab
Page 1013 and 1014: African Americans 963 Hare talks a
Page 1015 and 1016: African Americans 965 TRICKSTERS: E
Page 1017 and 1018: African Americans 967 They know ver
Page 1019 and 1020: See Central African Folklore; Rwand
Page 1021 and 1022: African Americans 971 material of t
Page 1023: African Americans 973 (in the Propp
Page 1027 and 1028: African Americans 977 A number of t
Page 1029 and 1030: African Americans 979 performed, so
Page 1031 and 1032: African Americans 981 The third fac
Page 1033 and 1034: African Americans 983 References Kn
Page 1035 and 1036: African Americans 985 sparked a sch
Page 1037 and 1038: African Americans 987 institutional
Page 1039 and 1040: African Americans 989 characteristi
Page 1041 and 1042: African Americans 991 See also Cari
Page 1043 and 1044: African Americans 993 She walks umi
Page 1045 and 1046: African Americans 995 it to life. T
Page 1047 and 1048: African Americans 997 Conclusion Ib
Page 1049 and 1050: African Americans 999 Members of a
Page 1051 and 1052: African Americans 1001 ruling elite
Page 1053 and 1054: African Americans 1003 adornment an
Page 1055 and 1056: African Americans 1005 Murray, K.C.
Page 1057 and 1058: African Americans 1007 known about
Page 1059 and 1060: African Americans 1009 externalize
Page 1061 and 1062: African Americans 1011 References B
Page 1063 and 1064: African Americans 1013 W WARI Wari
Page 1065 and 1066: African Americans 1015 In the twent
Page 1067 and 1068: African Americans 1017 tales by say
Page 1069 and 1070: African Americans 1019 I’have pre
Page 1071 and 1072: African Americans 1021 comfortable
Page 1073 and 1074: African Americans 1023 Haiti. And,
Page 1075 and 1076:
African Americans 1025 WITCHCRAFT,
Page 1077 and 1078:
African Americans 1027 powerful in
Page 1079 and 1080:
African Americans 1029 spread by wi
Page 1081 and 1082:
African Americans 1031 fertility an
Page 1083 and 1084:
African Americans 1033 WOMEN’S EX
Page 1085 and 1086:
African Americans 1035 equally intr
Page 1087 and 1088:
African Americans 1037 WOMEN’S FO
Page 1089 and 1090:
African Americans 1039 Goodbye kitc
Page 1091 and 1092:
African Americans 1041 There are ot
Page 1093 and 1094:
African Americans 1043 internationa
Page 1095 and 1096:
African Americans 1045 the social s
Page 1097 and 1098:
African Americans 1047 organized an
Page 1099 and 1100:
African Americans 1049 intonations,
Page 1101 and 1102:
African Americans 1051 over the con
Page 1103 and 1104:
African Americans 1053 farming comm
Page 1105 and 1106:
African Americans 1055 specialized
Page 1107 and 1108:
African Americans 1057 Y YARDS AND
Page 1109 and 1110:
African Americans 1059 Westmacott,
Page 1111 and 1112:
African Americans 1061 ZAR: SPIRIT
Page 1113 and 1114:
African Americans 1063 Zar is of re
Page 1115 and 1116:
African Americans 1065
Page 1117 and 1118:
Appendix 1067 • The Primary Insti
Page 1119 and 1120:
Appendix 1069 This appendix identif
Page 1121 and 1122:
Appendix 1071 Chad Chad and Central
Page 1123 and 1124:
Appendix 1073 Gambia and Senegal, W
Page 1125 and 1126:
Appendix 1075 Liberia Liberia and S
Page 1127 and 1128:
Appendix 1077 Mozambique Mozambique
Page 1129 and 1130:
Appendix 1079 Nigeria, Sierra Leone
Page 1131 and 1132:
Appendix 1081 Sierra Leone, Norther
Page 1133 and 1134:
Appendix 1083 Uganda, Bugembe, vari
Page 1135 and 1136:
Appendix 1085 United States, Indian
Page 1137 and 1138:
Appendix 1087 Various and Unknown L
Page 1139:
Appendix 1089 Zaire, Luba, 1972. St
Page 1142 and 1143:
Appendix 1092 Bambara of Mali (The)
Page 1144 and 1145:
Appendix 1094 From the Village of t
Page 1146 and 1147:
Appendix 1096 Mami Wata. The Spirit
Page 1148 and 1149:
Appendix 1098 Senufo, The (West Afr
Page 1150 and 1151:
Appendix 1100 We Jive Like This. 19
Page 1152 and 1153:
Appendix 1102 Ayodele Ogundipe, An
Page 1154 and 1155:
INDEX Note: Main encyclopedia entri
Page 1156 and 1157:
Index 1106 akyeame. See okyeame ALA
Page 1158 and 1159:
Index 1108 theater and, 466 aphoris
Page 1160 and 1161:
Index 1110 Bâ, Âmadou Hampâte, 3
Page 1162 and 1163:
Belgian Congo, 538 Belgium Lugbara
Page 1164 and 1165:
superstitions about, 448, 449 body
Page 1166 and 1167:
urials animals’ positions at, 44
Page 1168 and 1169:
Index 1118 celestial names, 11 cele
Page 1170 and 1171:
Index 1120 childwitches, 510 Chimer
Page 1172 and 1173:
See also administrators, colonial;
Page 1174 and 1175:
creolization, of Indian Ocean Islan
Page 1176 and 1177:
Index 1126 de Conti, Nicolas, 14 de
Page 1178 and 1179:
Index 1128 diseases. See illness di
Page 1180 and 1181:
Index 1130 EACROTANAL. See East Afr
Page 1182 and 1183:
Index 1132 of deserts, 413-414 Fula
Page 1184 and 1185:
Index 1134 Fanta Maa people, 117 fa
Page 1186 and 1187:
Index 1136 huja, 240 jokes and, 196
Page 1188 and 1189:
wakes ancestors and, 2 clothing at,
Page 1190 and 1191:
Index 1140 See also body language n
Page 1192 and 1193:
Index 1142 Les Ballets Africains of
Page 1194 and 1195:
Index 1144 theater for, 466 Henige,
Page 1196 and 1197:
Hunde society, 54 Hunt, George, 121
Page 1198 and 1199:
Index 1148 See also Comoros; Madaga
Page 1200 and 1201:
See also Comoros; marabouts; Muslim
Page 1202 and 1203:
Jung, Carl Gustav, 148 on dreams, 1
Page 1204 and 1205:
Index 1154 for Kunda people, 179 as
Page 1206 and 1207:
Index 1156 unification through, 107
Page 1208 and 1209:
Index 1158 oral literature Arabic/J
Page 1210 and 1211:
Index 1160 oratory in, 322 Malagasy
Page 1212 and 1213:
and masquerades, 241-244, 332 songs
Page 1214 and 1215:
Index 1164 as potters, 59 as sculpt
Page 1216 and 1217:
Index 1166 in electronic media, 110
Page 1218 and 1219:
Mutsiya wa Munge, 473 Mutwa, Credo
Page 1220 and 1221:
Index 1170 N’diaye, Felix Samba,
Page 1222 and 1223:
Nyerere, Julius, 19, 84, 158, 453 N
Page 1224 and 1225:
Index 1174 Yoruba, 72, 325-326, 405
Page 1226 and 1227:
picong (coded remark said in jest),
Page 1228 and 1229:
Index 1178 of southern Africa, 422-
Page 1230 and 1231:
queens. See specific individuals Qu
Page 1232 and 1233:
y universities, 184-188, 231, 504-5
Page 1234 and 1235:
umor gossip and, 152-153 legend v.,
Page 1236 and 1237:
Index 1186 See also loueds (channel
Page 1238 and 1239:
Index 1188 Sigd (pilgrimage holiday
Page 1240 and 1241:
Index 1190 in epics, 113-114 for fa
Page 1242 and 1243:
Index 1192 and healing in São Tom
Page 1244 and 1245:
Sutherland, Efua, 333 Sutherland-Ar
Page 1246 and 1247:
Index 1196 in southern Africa, 465-
Page 1248 and 1249:
in oral narrative, 314 Rabbit as, 4
Page 1250 and 1251:
Index 1200 theater programs, 464, 4
Page 1252 and 1253:
Wari, 501-502, 502 Bao v., 19 as ma
Page 1254 and 1255:
Index 1204 Ba Aka, 520, 520, 521, 5
Page 1256 and 1257:
Santeria religion animal invectives
Page 1258:
REVELATION
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