Exotic Animal Formulary5

Table 4-2
Antiviral Agents Used in Reptiles.
Agent Dosage Species/Comments
Acyclovir 40-80 mg/kg PO 5 Box turtles/PK, low maximum plasma
concentrations; uncertain efficacy
≥80 mg/kg PO q24h 108
80 mg/kg PO q8h, or
240 mg/kg PO
q24h 258
Tortoises/PK; herpesvirus; poor oral absorption
Tortoises/herpesvirus; uncertain efficacy; unlikely
to eliminate infection; combine with
supportive care
80 mg/kg PO q24h 299 Mediterranean tortoises/decreased mortality in
those infected with TeHV-3
80 mg/kg PO q24h 63 Australian Krefft’s river turtles/herpesvirus;
uncertain efficacy
Chlorhexidine
solution
Famcyclovir
Topical (5%
ointment) q12h 103
0.5% dilution, topical
on oral lesions
q24h 191
10-30 mg/kg PO q24h
using allometric
scaling 348
All species/antiviral (i.e., herpesvirus-associated
dermatitis)
Tortoises/herpesvirus
Eastern box turtles/treated during outbreak of
concurrent terHV-1 and ranavirus (FV-3);
uncertain efficacy
Valacyclovir 40 mg/kg PO q24h 5 Box turtles/PK, effective plasma concentrations
compared to humans; uncertain efficacy or
toxicity
Table 4-3
Antifungal Agents Used in Reptiles.
Agent Dosage Species/Comments
Amphotericin B 0.5 mg/kg IV q48-
72h 104
Most species/nephrotoxic; can use in
combination with ketoconazole;
administer slowly
0.5-1 mg/kg IV, ICe
q24-72h×14-
28 days 79 Most species/aspergillosis
1 mg/kg IT Most species/respiratory infection; dilute
q24h×14-
with water or saline
28 days 173
135