Pile Design and Construction Practice, Fifth edition

Cement content �300 kg/m3 �325 kg/m3 in dry
conditions
�375 kg/m3 in submerged
conditions
�350 kg/m3 for semi-dry
concrete
c
Concrete stress in 0.25uw compression
Reinforcement As BS 8110 As BS EN 10080 or ENV 1994-1-1
for steel lining and concrete core
in compression
Bored cast-in-place
Concrete grade As BS 8110 As BS EN 1992-1-1 and
BS EN 206-1/BS 8500
C20/25–C30/37
Cement content �300 kg/m3 �325 kg/m3 in dry conditions
�400 kg/m3 when �375 kg/m3 in submerged conditions
under water or mud
c
Concrete stress in 0.25uw compression
Reinforcement As BS EN 10080 or ENV 1994-1-1
for steel lining and concrete core
in compression
Notes
a Where fy is the characteristic yield strength of steel and where the safety factor on driving is less than 2.
b For jacked piles or where end-bearing piles are driven through relatively soft soils on to very dense granular soils or sound rock.
c uw is concrete cube strength at 28 days.
d fck is the characteristic cylinder strength at 28 days.