Okavango Delta Management Plan - Ramsar Convention on Wetlands

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No. <strong>Management</strong> Area Key issues Key Activities Status and documentation Recommendations 89 Improve hydrological monitoring Improve water quality monitoring Control of invasive aquatic weeds Understand nature and effects of channel blockages In total, four climate stations have been proposed in addition to the three presently operated by the Department of Meteorological Services (DMS), 13 automatic rain gauges and 26 automatic water level stations. 24 groundwater (ODMP – Recommendations for Improved Hydrologic Monitoring, 2004) The requirement for improvement of the water quality monitoring has been undertaken and recommendations are being implemented (ODMP – Recommendations for Improved Hydrologic Monitoring, 2004, ODMP – Analysis of Water Resources Scenarios, 2006). The programme is ongoing. How much has been removed and the area covered. Channel clearing in the <strong>Delta</strong> were simulated with the integrated <strong>Delta</strong> model (ODMP – Analysis of Water Resources Scenario, 2006). The main impact of clearing blockages is the increase of the flow through the channels, thus reducing the water level in the channel and surrounding swamp area upstream, and increasing the water level downstream. Nqoga-Maunachira-Khwai-Santantadibe subsystem water balance showed 3 the increased outflows from the <strong>Delta</strong>. from 70Mm /annum under Baseline 3 conditions, to 150Mm /annum with the blockages cleared. At least monthly discharge is recommended at all discharge stations in the <strong>Delta</strong> but the seasonal flow shall be monitored with a higher intensity in flood periods. The daily discharge measurements at Mohembo should be carried out every second day using the cableway All measured and recorded data in hardcopy (cross section, velocity, etc) shall be entered in a database. Quality checks on the raw data be done in Maun, and prompt remedial action as required A fairly simple water quality monitoring programme should fit into the hydro-climatic monitoring Water quality sampling should carried out at Mohembo, at the Boro River (Junction) near Maun and Khwai River at North Gate with a frequency of twice a month for analysis of basic parameters, anions/ cations and nutrients In-situ measurements of conductivity, pH and temperature at all stations where discharge is measured on a regular basis. The DWA has rationalised its staff to undertake water quality monitoring. An appropriate approach to a finer resolution of the grid is to set up a model of an area of particular interest within the <strong>Delta</strong>. The present <strong>Delta</strong> model would provide the boundary conditions at the perimeter of the “nested” model. This will be carried out for the Maunachira-Mboroga system to study in particular the clearance of channel blockages.
No. <strong>Management</strong> Area Key issues Key Activities Status and documentation Recommendations 5 Wildlife management 90 Unsustainable management of the wildlife populations in relation to the wellbeing of communities and interactions with the livestock sector and tourism industry: Conduct baseline surveys of the buffalos Conduct baseline survey of the Cheetah and Leopard Conduct baseline survey of slaty egret Conduct baseline survey of African skimmer, Sitatunga Human-elephant interactions Baseline survey of buffalos was undertaken (ODMP – The Numbers and Distribution of the African Buffalo in the <strong>Okavango</strong> <strong>Delta</strong>, 2004). A total of 14 575 animals (minimum) were counted during the survey. The estimate based on a 20% correction of the observed total was 17 430 animals. Baseline survey was conducted ( ODMP - Leopard and cheetah baseline inventory in the <strong>Okavango</strong> <strong>Delta</strong> particularly in relation to areas of Human Wildlife Conflict, 2006) Leopard density was highest in the Moremi sampling area with an estimate of 3.2 individuals/100km2. The Kwando area had less than half this density with only 1.5 individuals/100km This equates to a density of approximately 1.3 leopards per 100/km2. The cheetah population for the <strong>Ramsar</strong> Site is estimated at 247 individuals (208 excluding swamp areas) representing 9% of the total estimated National population. Cheetah density for the <strong>Ramsar</strong> site is estimated at 0.7 cheetah per 100/km2. A helicopter should be used for photography as it provides stable platform for this purpose. In addition, observers are also afforded a much better opportunity to give more accurate estimates. A dry season count when buffalo are confined to a smaller area due to the restricted water availability would be more preferable in future. It is recommended that the ODMP integrate cheetah and leopard population monitoring activities into a larger Predator Monitoring Framework. Leopard and cheetah population surveys should be conducted twice annually to identify seasonal variation. Area surveyed and transect lengths should not be overwhelming but of a size which will facilitate completion twice a year realistically identifying the multitude of responsibilities that DWNP officers have. Consistent long-term data sets are more valuable than once off mass data collection exercises. The survey has been completed (ODMP - Baseline Survey, 2006). Existing and potential breeding sites should be protected. The survey had to be deferred due to lack of funds The study is still ongoing Further research is needed to locate all nesting sites, and then these sites should be protected against factors that impact on them i.e. fire, reed-cutting and human disturbance. It is crucial to maintain the seasonal floodplains that form the Slaty Egrets’ major feeding habitat.
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i OKAVANGO DELTA MANAGEMENT PLAN PR
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2.3 ECOLOGICAL AND BIOLOGICAL FEATU
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5.2.7 FIRE MANAGEMENT .............
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TABLE 3-4: CRITERIA FOR FUTURE PRIO
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Ministry of Environment, Wildlife a
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It stands to reason that the ODMP s
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This chapter describes the strategi
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xiv FRAMP Framework Managem
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OKAVANGO DELTA VISION EXECUTIVE SUM
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physical subsystem. These are often
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Strategic Goal Stategic Objective K
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maintain them it accords prominence
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this, but sectors should continue t
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1.3 THE NEED FOR A MANAGEMENT PLAN
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Instrument Year Objective Relevance
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Relavant conventions which Botswana
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1.6.3.1 Project Design Phase Follow
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1.6.3.5 Final Management</s
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Part of the catchment in Namibia co
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Figure 2-3: The Okavango</s
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2.1.5.3 Tertiary stakeholders These
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2.1.6.7. Harry Oppenheimer
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The District Council is responsible
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The district is also affected by a
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which is itself an extension of the
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eastern from the central and wester
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Subsequently, flow from the Thamala
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capacity of these processes to elim
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dominated channel fringe and backsw
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grasslands which overlaps with the
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Figure 2-10: Distribution map of ra
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Page 79 and 80: 2.4.6 2.4.6 FISHING The Oka
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Page 83 and 84: 2.4.8.2 Arable Farming Arable farmi
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Page 87 and 88: 2.7 TOTAL ECONOMIC VALUE Total Econ
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Page 91 and 92: Table 2-16: Summary of the annual p
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Page 95 and 96: use value of ecosystems (refs). Thu
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Page 101 and 102: natural factors. There are two majo
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Page 129 and 130: Strategic Objectives • To sustain
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Page 133 and 134: 4.3.3 SOCIO-ECONOMIC SWOT ANALYSIS
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Page 139 and 140: 5.1.1 ESTABLISHMENT OF VIABLE MANAG
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Butzer, K. W., 1984. Archeogeology
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Hancock, P. 2003b. Saddle-billed St
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McCarthy, T.S., W.N. Ellery and A.
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ODMP, 2006. Slaty Egret Baseline Su
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simulated SPOT VEGETATION imagery.
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Tyson, P.D.R. Fuchs, C. Fu, L. Lebe
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Appendix I. 1: Action Plan<
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Strategic Goal 1: To establish viab
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Strategic Goal 2: To ensure the lon
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Strategic Goal 3: To sustainably us
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162 APPENDIX II - MONITORING AND EV
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Appendix II. 2: Plan</stron
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180 APPENDIX III: ASSESSING IMPACTS
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I.1.3 Manpower capacity of the fish
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Appendix III. 2: Assessing Impacts
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B.2.4 The risk of Tsetse re-infesta
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Okavango Delta Management Plan - Ramsar Convention on Wetlands

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