Okavango Delta Management Plan - Ramsar Convention on Wetlands

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Instrument Year Objective Relevance Herbage Preservation Act Agricultural Resources Conservation Act National Policies and plans Draft National Wetlands Policy and Strategy, National Policy on Natural Resources Conservation and Development, National Biodiversity Strategy and Action <strong>Plan</strong> Tourism Policy Wildlife Conservation Policy National Water Conservation Policy and Strategy Framework National Settlement Policy 3 1977 It is the legal framework administering the management of fire in Botswana 1976 The general aim of this Act is to control and conserve agricultural resources in Botswana. 2000 The Draft Policy provides the contextual and institutional framework for appropriate and effective management, conservation and sustainable use of Botswana’s wetlands resources 1990 This Policy focuses on key environmental issues and solution packages such as the National Conservation Strategy Action <strong>Plan</strong> and the establishment of the National Conservation Strategy Coordinating Agency. 2004 The goal of the strategy and action plan is long-term health of Botswana’s ecosystems and related species, and to encourage sustainable and wise use of resources through the provision of a framework of specific activities designed to improve the way biodiversity is perceived, utilised and conserved 1990 The policy provides guidelines for planning, developing and managing tourism in Botswana. It is designed to ensure that tourism activities are carried out on an ecologically sustainable basis 1986 The Policy provides strategies for development of a viable and commercial wildlife sector through practice of sustainable resource utilization and conservation in Wildlife <strong>Management</strong> Areas (WMA) and in the process addresses issues of community livelihoods through citizen participation in the wildlife industry 2002 The Water Policy has amongst its objectives, the protection, conservation, and efficient use, management of water resources, and protection and restoration of the environment. The Policy seeks to use water conservation to promote environmental sustainability, economic efficiency and social equity. 1998 The Settlement Policy provides for the creation of settlements and the resettlement of people as part of a developmental process. Fire is a critical factor in the functioning of the <strong>Okavango</strong> <strong>Delta</strong> ecosystem. The Act provides a well structured set of rules for a potential integrated fire management system in Botswana including the ODRS. Agricultural resources are broadly defined to include animals, birds, plants, water, soils, vegetation and vegetation products, fish and insects. <strong>Management</strong> of these resources are key in the ODRS The provisions of this policy facilitated for the development of the <strong>Okavango</strong> <strong>Delta</strong> <strong>Management</strong> <strong>Plan</strong> with the goal to integrate resource managemt of the <strong>Delta</strong> for the long-term conservation and sustainable use of <strong>Delta</strong> resources The policy fully captures the importance of the conservation and development vis-à-vis the natural resources of the country. The <strong>Okavango</strong> <strong>Delta</strong> is a key national asset and the provisions of this policy contribute immensely to the conservation of the <strong>Delta</strong> through strategic and coordinated actions. The <strong>Okavango</strong> <strong>Delta</strong> is a major biodiversity hotspot nationally. The mosaic and variety of habitats found within the ODRS is home to a large number of fauna and flora. The relevance of the strategy to the <strong>Delta</strong> cannot be over-emphasised. The policy provides local communities with direct and indirect benefits from tourism activities as well as encouraging communities to appreciate the value of wildlife and its conservation. It avails opportunities for the rural areas to participate in wildlife-based activities including tourism. This policy is highly relevant to the <strong>Okavango</strong> <strong>Delta</strong> given that it is the country’s tourism hub The <strong>Okavango</strong> <strong>Delta</strong> is well endowed with wildlife resources the management of which is critical. The <strong>Okavango</strong> <strong>Delta</strong> as a tourism product is dependent on the conservation and proper management of wildlife resources. Botswana has a huge water deficit and the <strong>Okavango</strong> <strong>Delta</strong> is viewed by some stakeholders as an alternative source of water. The relevance of this policy is critical in that through promotion of water conservation measures it helps to divert attention from the <strong>Delta</strong> as alternative water source. Several settlements are dotted all over the ODRS most of which are ungazzeted and demand to be recognised by government. Some of these settlements are located in very sensitive areas with no services provided which presents a challenge to the conservation of the <strong>Okavango</strong> <strong>Delta</strong>.
Instrument Year Objective Relevance The Revised National Policy on Rural Development Development <strong>Plan</strong>s and Strategies National Development <strong>Plan</strong> 9 (NDP 9) Ngamiland District Development <strong>Plan</strong> 6 (NDDP 6) Botswana Tourism Master <strong>Plan</strong> National Water Master <strong>Plan</strong> Ngamiland District Settlement Strategy 1.4.2 REGIONAL FRAMEWORK 4 1997 The Revised National Policy on Rural Development is a framework policy to link and facilitate coordination of the various sectoral policies, and to engender a common vision and unity in pursuit of rural development 2003 - 2009 NDP 9 calls for appropriate use of natural resources and consideration of environmental costs in planning for development 2003 - 2009 One of the NDDP 6 key planning issues is Environmental Conservation. The associated development goal is "to retain the ecological and environmental integrity of the district through improved conservation measures 2000 The master plan serves as a basic guideline for development of tourism, enabling the decision makers to agree on the principles for the direction of tourism development for the next decade 1991 The NWMP provides development and management strategies for water resources in the country 2003 - 2027 The overall intention of the strategy is to ensure orderly development and growth of settlements within the Ngamiland District The ODRS is predominantly rural with huge challenges for development. There is a need to balance development with environmental conservation Within the Government’s development goals and objectives, sustainability is seen as a strategic concept that links population, the economy and natural resources together in the context of socio-economic development. The integrated management plan for the <strong>Okavango</strong> <strong>Delta</strong> takes these issues into consideration The objectives are to integrate environmental planning issues into all district development sector plans throughout the planning period, develop a district environmental strategy and promote sustainable natural resource use across all commercial activities in the district, hence ODMP The Tourism and Community Based Natural Resources <strong>Management</strong> (CBNRM) Master <strong>Plan</strong>s developed under the ODMP are a further elaboration of the National Tourism Master <strong>Plan</strong>. Water is an economic, social and environmental resource that provides the inter-sectoral linkages. The Government is therefore adopting an integrated approach to water resource development. The Government of Botswana is currently reviewing the National Water Master <strong>Plan</strong> (NWMP) that was completed in 1991 One of the goals of the strategy is to protect and preserve the environment generally in the district, and sustainably utilise its natural resources Table 1-2: Regional agreements and protocols which have a direct bearing on the development and implementation of the ODMP Regional Protocols Permanent <strong>Okavango</strong> River Basin Agreement Southern African Community (SADC) Shared Watercourse Systems Protocol SADC Protocol on Fisheries 1994 The Permanent <strong>Okavango</strong> River Basin Commission (OKACOM) is a political agreement which commits the river basin states to work toward joint management of the <strong>Okavango</strong> River System. Signed in 1995 and came into effect in 2001 Singed in 2001 and effected in 2003 The protocol calls for equitable utilization of shared water courses and monitoring of the implementation of integrated water resources plans in shared water courses by Member States This Protocol applies, amongst others, to living aquatic resources and aquatic ecosystems within the SADC states; living aquatic resources of SADC states that extend outside the areas of their jurisdiction; and fishing by nationals of SADC states and activities directly related to fishing Under the OKACOM Agreement, the riparian countries of Angola, Botswana and Namibia are working toward the implementation of an Integrated <strong>Management</strong> <strong>Plan</strong> (IMP) for the basin on the basis of an Environmental Assessment (EA). OKACOM is important in that the <strong>Okavango</strong> <strong>Delta</strong> is part of a shared river basin, the <strong>Okavango</strong> River Basin. The ODMP is expected to contribute to the river basin management plan. The <strong>Okavango</strong> River Basin, which the <strong>Okavango</strong> <strong>Delta</strong> is part of, is a transboundary river basin and it is important that its management be a joint effort amongst the three riparian states which are all SADC member states The <strong>Okavango</strong> <strong>Delta</strong> is a wetland system which supports about 71 identified fish species. The fish resources found in the delta provides livelihoods to the local communities within the ODRS. The fishery industry has to comply with the framework of the protocol at regional level (SADC).
Page 1 and 2: i OKAVANGO DELTA MANAGEMENT PLAN PR
Page 3 and 4: 2.3 ECOLOGICAL AND BIOLOGICAL FEATU
Page 5 and 6: 5.2.7 FIRE MANAGEMENT .............
Page 7 and 8: TABLE 3-4: CRITERIA FOR FUTURE PRIO
Page 9 and 10: Ministry of Environment, Wildlife a
Page 11 and 12: It stands to reason that the ODMP s
Page 13 and 14: This chapter describes the strategi
Page 15 and 16: xiv FRAMP Framework Managem
Page 17 and 18: OKAVANGO DELTA VISION EXECUTIVE SUM
Page 19 and 20: physical subsystem. These are often
Page 21 and 22: Strategic Goal Stategic Objective K
Page 23 and 24: maintain them it accords prominence
Page 25 and 26: this, but sectors should continue t
Page 27: 1.3 THE NEED FOR A MANAGEMENT PLAN
Page 31 and 32: Relavant conventions which Botswana
Page 33 and 34: 1.6.3.1 Project Design Phase Follow
Page 35 and 36: 1.6.3.5 Final Management</s
Page 37 and 38: Part of the catchment in Namibia co
Page 39 and 40: Figure 2-3: The Okavango</s
Page 41 and 42: 2.1.5.3 Tertiary stakeholders These
Page 43 and 44: 2.1.6.7. Harry Oppenheimer
Page 45 and 46: The District Council is responsible
Page 47 and 48: The district is also affected by a
Page 49 and 50: which is itself an extension of the
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Page 53 and 54: Subsequently, flow from the Thamala
Page 55 and 56: capacity of these processes to elim
Page 57 and 58: dominated channel fringe and backsw
Page 59 and 60: grasslands which overlaps with the
Page 61 and 62: Figure 2-10: Distribution map of ra
Page 63 and 64: zooplankton biomass has been record
Page 65 and 66: 40 All of the ardeids are primarily
Page 67 and 68: 15000 in 1988 and 35000 in 2002 (Bo
Page 69 and 70: Figure 2-11: Spatial Distribution o
Page 71 and 72: Figure 2-12: Land use map of the OR
Page 73 and 74: Parks and Game Reserves provide for
Page 75 and 76: 2.4.3.1 Angola Quantities of water
Page 77 and 78: Table 2-10: Tourism Enterprise Lice
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2.4.6 2.4.6 FISHING The Oka
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2.4.7.2 Tsodilo Hills World Heritag
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2.4.8.2 Arable Farming Arable farmi
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can the correct management question
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2.7 TOTAL ECONOMIC VALUE Total Econ
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household investors after deduction
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Table 2-16: Summary of the annual p
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2.7.2 INDIRECT USE VALUES In this s
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use value of ecosystems (refs). Thu
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HOORC-UB has developed into a resou
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found in the fringes of the <strong
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natural factors. There are two majo
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However, there are indications that
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molesta as well as of planktonic an
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employed. Cross-border re-invasion
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and use of the area’s resources,
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3.7 CRITERIA FOR DETERMINING MANAGE
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No. Management Are
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No. Management Are
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No. Management Are
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Table 3-2: Priority issues to be ad
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3.7.2.3 Proposed criteria for futur
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2 = Moderate social benefits 3 = Lo
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• clearing of small access channe
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The overall goal of the ODMP sets t
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Strategic Objectives • To sustain
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Strategic Object 1.3: To raise publ
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4.3.3 SOCIO-ECONOMIC SWOT ANALYSIS
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Table 4-4: Operational Objectives t
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THEMATIC AREA: SOCIO-ECONOMIC Strat
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5.1.1 ESTABLISHMENT OF VIABLE MANAG
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upstream - downstream interactions
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photography, birding, sightseeing e
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The maintance of this delicate bala
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It also provides for their integrat
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c) Existing lodges would continue,
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Table 5-2: Characterization of cond
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Category Natural / Bio-physical Tou
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Category Natural / Bio-physical Tou
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vi. Where vegetation resources are
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d) There should be adequate equipme
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implementers are presented in Appen
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138 District and National Developme
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Butzer, K. W., 1984. Archeogeology
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Hancock, P. 2003b. Saddle-billed St
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McCarthy, T.S., W.N. Ellery and A.
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ODMP, 2006. Slaty Egret Baseline Su
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simulated SPOT VEGETATION imagery.
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Tyson, P.D.R. Fuchs, C. Fu, L. Lebe
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Appendix I. 1: Action Plan<
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Strategic Goal 1: To establish viab
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Strategic Goal 2: To ensure the lon
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Strategic Goal 3: To sustainably us
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162 APPENDIX II - MONITORING AND EV
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Appendix II. 2: Plan</stron
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180 APPENDIX III: ASSESSING IMPACTS
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I.1.3 Manpower capacity of the fish
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Appendix III. 2: Assessing Impacts
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B.2.4 The risk of Tsetse re-infesta
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Okavango Delta Management Plan - Ramsar Convention on Wetlands

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