Okavango Delta Management Plan - Ramsar Convention on Wetlands

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Table 2-18: Estimated direct gross output, direct contribution to the gross national product and the economic natural resource rent produced as a result of tourism activities in the <strong>Ramsar</strong> site (in 1000 Pula, 2005) RAMSAR SITE Direct use values Tourism accommodation 67 Direct gross output Direct GNP Contribution Natural Resource rent Lodges/Camps (non-consumptive) 445 580 209 460 102 480 Camps (trophy hunting) 103 190 56 890 29 930 Mobile & self-drive safaris 93 290 43 230 18 660 Guest houses, B&Bs, motels 19 660 12 240 4 520 Hotels 13 640 6 170 2 860 Tourism linked activities Restaurants/bars (independent) 110 180 15 930 7 710 Transport (air charter, airline, road) 105 480 17 980 8 440 Travel agents, guiding services 47 220 9 470 4 250 Shopping 166 590 24 270 11 660 Additional CBNRM income 10 980 5 330 1 100 TOTAL RAMSAR SITE TOURISM 1 115 810 400 970 191 610 Source: ODMP – Economic Valuation Report (2006) Table 2-19: Estimated direct gross output, direct contribution to the gross national product and the economic natural resource rent produced as a result of tourism activities in the wetland (in 1000 Pula, 2005) WETLAND Direct use values Direct gross output Tourism accommodation Direct GNP Contribution Natural Resource rent Lodges/Camps (non-consumptive) 422 340 198 520 97 140 Camps (trophy hunting) 73 200 40 290 21 230 Mobile & self-drive safaris 88 340 40 940 17 670 Guest houses, B&Bs, motels 18 180 11 330 4 180 Hotels 12 320 5 510 2 590 Tourism linked activities Restaurants/bars (independent) 99 470 14 390 6 960 Transport (air charter, airline, road) 95 170 16 230 7 610 Travel agents, guiding services 43 730 9 090 3 940 Shopping 150 460 21 940 10 530 Additional CBNRM income 9 330 4 530 930 TOTAL FOR WETLAND TOURISM 1 012 530 362 760 172 780 Source: ODMP – Economic Valuation Report (2006)
2.7.2 INDIRECT USE VALUES In this study, the indirect use values are based on the regeneration function (breeding and biodiversity), absorption function (water purification, waste assimilation and CO2 sequestration) and information function (ecosystem as an indicator of environmental change as well as role for scientific research and education) (ODMP – Economic Valuation Report, 2006). The most important indirect use values in the <strong>Okavango</strong> <strong>Delta</strong> are groundwater recharge, wildlife nursery/breeding, carbon sequestration, water purification and research and education. The results of the estimated indirect use values are given in Table 2-20. Given the large number of assumptions that had to be made, the estimated figures are indicative. The indirect use value of the wetland is estimated to be P199 million, compared to P230 million for the entire <strong>Ramsar</strong> site. Carbon sequestration accounts for the largest component of the indirect use value followed by wildlife refuge, scientific and educational value, groundwater recharge and water purification. The wetland is critical to the indirect use value, as can be seen from the much higher indirect use value: the average IUV per ha is about P69 for the wetland and P41 for the <strong>Ramsar</strong> site as a whole. Table 2-20: Summary of estimated indirect use values for the <strong>Ramsar</strong> site and the wetland (in Pula, 2005) Service Wetland 68 Rest of <strong>Ramsar</strong> site Whole <strong>Ramsar</strong> site Groundwater recharge 16 million 0 16 million Carbon sequestration 86 million 72 million 158 million Wildlife refuge 77 million 0 77 million Water purification 2.2 million 0 2.2 million Scientific and educational value 18 million 6 million 24 million Total 199.2 million 78 million 230.2 million Area 28 782 km2 26 765 km2 55 547 km2 Average per ha /year 69 29 41 Source: ODMP – Economic Valuation Report (2006) The results show that carbon sequestration and wildlife refuge are the most valuable indirect uses accounting together for over eighty percent of the indirect use value of the wetland and <strong>Ramsar</strong> site. The scientific and educational value is significant, and exceeds that of groundwater recharge and water purification. The wetland and <strong>Ramsar</strong> site is a major focal point for research, documentaries and education. 2.7.3 NON USE VALUES Non-use values can be separated into option value, bequest value and existence value. Option value is the ‘future use value” that could be derived from the area, but which as yet has to be realised. Maintaining biodiversity is believed to retain the option to generate yet unknown values in future. These values could be, for example, from the exploitation of hitherto unexploited species, the discovery of important genetic material of use in the pharmaceutical industry, or the future tourism or development potential of the area. It is not possible to measure option value, since no-one can predict the future, but it is important to bear this in mind as a potential opportunity cost of degradation.
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i OKAVANGO DELTA MANAGEMENT PLAN PR
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2.3 ECOLOGICAL AND BIOLOGICAL FEATU
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5.2.7 FIRE MANAGEMENT .............
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TABLE 3-4: CRITERIA FOR FUTURE PRIO
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Ministry of Environment, Wildlife a
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It stands to reason that the ODMP s
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This chapter describes the strategi
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xiv FRAMP Framework Managem
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OKAVANGO DELTA VISION EXECUTIVE SUM
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physical subsystem. These are often
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Strategic Goal Stategic Objective K
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maintain them it accords prominence
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this, but sectors should continue t
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1.3 THE NEED FOR A MANAGEMENT PLAN
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Instrument Year Objective Relevance
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Relavant conventions which Botswana
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1.6.3.1 Project Design Phase Follow
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1.6.3.5 Final Management</s
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Part of the catchment in Namibia co
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Figure 2-3: The Okavango</s
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Page 43 and 44: 2.1.6.7. Harry Oppenheimer
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Page 75 and 76: 2.4.3.1 Angola Quantities of water
Page 77 and 78: Table 2-10: Tourism Enterprise Lice
Page 79 and 80: 2.4.6 2.4.6 FISHING The Oka
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Page 129 and 130: Strategic Objectives • To sustain
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photography, birding, sightseeing e
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The maintance of this delicate bala
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It also provides for their integrat
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c) Existing lodges would continue,
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Table 5-2: Characterization of cond
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Category Natural / Bio-physical Tou
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Category Natural / Bio-physical Tou
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vi. Where vegetation resources are
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d) There should be adequate equipme
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implementers are presented in Appen
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138 District and National Developme
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Butzer, K. W., 1984. Archeogeology
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Hancock, P. 2003b. Saddle-billed St
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McCarthy, T.S., W.N. Ellery and A.
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ODMP, 2006. Slaty Egret Baseline Su
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simulated SPOT VEGETATION imagery.
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Tyson, P.D.R. Fuchs, C. Fu, L. Lebe
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Appendix I. 1: Action Plan<
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Strategic Goal 1: To establish viab
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Strategic Goal 2: To ensure the lon
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Strategic Goal 3: To sustainably us
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162 APPENDIX II - MONITORING AND EV
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Appendix II. 2: Plan</stron
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180 APPENDIX III: ASSESSING IMPACTS
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I.1.3 Manpower capacity of the fish
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Appendix III. 2: Assessing Impacts
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B.2.4 The risk of Tsetse re-infesta
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Okavango Delta Management Plan - Ramsar Convention on Wetlands

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