Jack Salzman, Cornel West Struggles in the Promised

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Between Words and Deeds \\ 105 37. Additionally scholars need to look at the balance between Jewish home ownership versus renting as a factor in outward mobility. Who left neighborhoods first? Did Jewish homeowners sell when they moved or did they retain their property and rent them out? 38. The evidence for this assertion by necessity must be negative. The Black press, studied in Shankman, Ambivalent friends and Bloom, "Interactions Between Blacks and Jews," makes no reference to Jewish use of physical violence as a way to keep Blacks out of neighborhoods they defined as "theirs." 39. Thomas Kessner, The Golden Door: Italian and Jewish Immigrant Mobility in New York City, 1880-1915 (New York, 1977), pp. 132, 151. 40. Bloom, "Interactions Between Blacks and Jews," p. 167. 41. Gurock, When Harlem Was Jewish, p. 146. 42. Diner, Promised Land, pp. 199-235; the subject of Jewish-Black interaction in predominantly Jewish unions still needs a great deal more historical research. 43. This subject is also basically devoid of scholarship. We really do not know what kind of attitudes Jews developed in Europe toward their customers. Other than Jacob Katz, in his Exclusivity and Tolerance: Studies in Jewish-Gentile Relations in Medieval and Modern Times (New York, 1961), no historian of the Jewish experience has explored the attitudes and practices of Jewish merchants as they interacted with their non-Jewish clients. Such a study would go a long way toward contextualizing how Jewish business dealings with Blacks in America represented a new phenomenon or how much it merely continued a long-standing tradition. 44. For the origins and details of Jewish small business in America and its European roots, see, Hasia Diner, A Time for Gathering: The Second Migration, 1880-1920 (Baltimore, 1992), pp. 60-73. 45. Shankman, Ambivalent Friends, pp. 18—21; Roi Ottley, "New World A- Coming": Inside Black America (New York, 1943), pp. 53-54; James W. Lowewen, Mississippi Chinese: Between Black and White (Cambridge, MA, 1971). 46. Ottley, "New World," p. 118. 47. Black educator Horace Mann Bond stated it most succinctly as he remembered his Atlanta youth: "The Jew was the man who kept the pawnshop on Peter and Decatur Streets, where I sold papers on Saturday; he was the man who operated the clothing store where my father took his five boys to lay in a stock of clothes." (Horace Mann Bond, "The Negro Attitudes Toward Jews," Jewish Social Studies 27, 1 (January 1965}, 4.) Kelly Miller made the same point. "The Jew," he boldly pronounced, "makes the most acceptable merchant among Negroes because he knows how to reduce race prejudice to a minimum" (Survey 52 [March 1, 1925], 711).
106 // HASIA R. DINER 48. Steven Lowenstein, The Jews of Oregon (Portland: Jewish Historical Society of Oregon, 1987); William Toll, The Making of an Ethnic Middle Class: Portland Jewry over Four Generations (Albany, NY, 1982). See also Ewa Morawska, "A Replica of the 'Old Country' Relationship in the Ethnic Niche: East European Jews and Gentiles in Small-Town Western Pennsylvania, 1880'—1930'," American Jewish History 77, 1 (September, 1987), 27-86, particularly see, pp. 73, 75; Dominic A. Pacyga, Polish Immigrants and Industrial Chicago: Workers on the South Side, 1880-1922 (Columbus, 1991), pp. 155, 224. And for the origins and details of Jewish small business in America and its European roots, see Hasia Diner, A Time for Gathering: The Second Migration, 1880-1920 (Baltimore, 1992), pp. 60-73. 49. W.E.B. Du Bois, The Souls of Black Folk (Chicago, 1903), p. 169. 50. E. Merton Coulter, The South During Reconstruction: 1865—1877 (Baton Rouge, LA, 1947), pp. 202-3. 51. Bloom, "Interactions Between Blacks and Jews," pp. 197—98. 52. John Dollard, Caste and Class in a Southern Town (New Haven, 1937), pp. 128-29. 53. Drake and Cayton, Black. Metropolis: A Study of Negro Life in a Northern City, pp. 443-44. 54. Leonard Dinnerstein, Antisemitism in America (New York, 1994), p. 204. 55. Gurock, When Harlem was Jewish, p. 146; Kenneth B. Clark, "Candor About Negro-Jewish Relations," Commentary 1 (February 1946), 8. 56. Diner, Promised Land, pp. 72-73. 57. L.D. Reddick, "Anti-Semitism Among Negroes," Negro Quarterly 1, 2 (Summer 1942), 115.
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STRUGGLES in the PROMISED LAND
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STRUGGLES in the PROMISED LAND Towa
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"Struggles in the Promised Land," C
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Introduction JACK SALZMAN I 1 The C
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STRUGGLES in the PROMISED LAND
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STRUGGLES IN THE PROMISED LAND intr
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Introduction \\ 3 center of Western
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Introduction \\ 5 against the will
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Introduction \\ 7 work. (The import
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Introduction \\ 9 suddenly, Jews co
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Introduction \\ 11 rise of Nazi pow
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Introduction \\ 13 figures were (an
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Introduction \\ 15 of the power eli
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Introduction \\ 17 friends were cau
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Introduction \\ 19 Mary R. Lefkowit
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THE CURSE OF HAM A Case of Rabbinic
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The Curse of Ham \\ 23 The American
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The Curse of Ham \\ 25 century West
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The Curse of Ham \\ 27 How did the
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The Curse of Ham \\ 29 beard became
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The Curse of Ham \\ 31 be said to r
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The Curse of Ham \\ 33 The Curse of
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'The Curse of Ham \\ 35 became the
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The Curse of Ham \\ 37 means of an
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The Curse of Ham \\ 39 Revue de I'U
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The Curse of Ham \\ 41 explain the
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The Curse of Ham \\ 43 24. Cf. Gene
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The Curse of Ham \\ 45 the son of C
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The Curse of Ham \\ 47 write histor
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The Curse of Ham \\ 49 Some authors
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The Curse of Ham \\ 51 an Ethiopian
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THE MEDIEVAL BACKGROUND WILLIAM CHE
Page 66 and 67: The Medieval Background \\ 55 and s
Page 68 and 69: Blackness The Medieval Background \
Page 70 and 71: The Medieval Background \\ 59 Vince
Page 72 and 73: The Medieval Background \\ 61 So, a
Page 74 and 75: The Medieval Background \\ 63 Frenc
Page 76 and 77: JEWS IN THE SLAVE TRADE three DAVID
Page 78 and 79: Jews in the Slave Trade \\ 67 Fortu
Page 80 and 81: Jews in the Slave Trade \\ 69 ed of
Page 82 and 83: Jews in the Slave Tirade \\ 71 sobe
Page 84 and 85: 'THE LAW OF THE LAND IS THE LAW" An
Page 86 and 87: The Law of the Land Is the Law \\ 7
Page 98 and 99: BETWEEN WORDS AND DEEDS Jews and Bl
Page 100 and 101: Between Words and Deeds \\ 89 group
Page 102 and 103: Between Words and Deeds \\ 91 Hebre
Page 104 and 105: Between Words and Deeds \\ 93 ulati
Page 106 and 107: Between Words and Deeds \\ 95 stran
Page 108 and 109: Between Words and Deeds \\ 97 How d
Page 110 and 111: Between Words and Deeds \\ 99 omy t
Page 112 and 113: Between Words and Deeds \\ 101 or p
Page 114 and 115: Between Words and Deeds \\ 103 Bene
Page 118 and 119: BLACKS AND JEWS The Struggle in the
Page 120 and 121: Blacks and Jews: The Struggle in th
Page 130 and 131: Blacks andjeu's: The Struggle in th
Page 134 and 135: LONG-DISTANCE RUNNERS OF THE CIVIL
Page 136 and 137: Long-Distance Runners of the Civil
Page 146 and 147: Long-Distance Runners of the the Ci
Page 150 and 151: Long-Distance Runner!, of the Civil
Page 164 and 165: NEGOTIATING COALITION Black and Jew
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Negotiating Coalition \\ 155 compat
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Negotiating Coalition \\ 157 spread
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Negotiating Coalition \\ 159 Presid
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Negotiating Coalition \\ 161 forcea
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Negotiating Coalition \\ 163 is to
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Negotiating Coalition \\ 165 howeve
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Negotiating Coalition \\ 167 its su
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Notes Negotiating Coalition \\ 169
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Negotiating Coalition \\ 171 Finder
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Negotiating Coalition \\ 173 box 17
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Negotiating Coalition \\ 175 jectiv
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BLACK-JEWISH UNIVERSALISM IN THE ER
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Black-Jewish Univenalism in the Era
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Black-Jewish Universalism in the Er
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Black-Jewish U niversalism in the E
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ALLIES OF A DIFFERENT SORT Jews and
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Allies of a Different Sort \\ 199 e
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Allies of a Different Sort \\ 201 t
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Allies of a Different Sort \\ 203 R
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Allies of a Different Sort \\ 205 a
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Allies of a Different Sort \\ 207 a
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Allies of a Different Sort \\ 209 "
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Allies of a Different Sort \\ 211 m
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Allies of a Different Sort \\ 213 s
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Allies of a Different Sort \\ 215 h
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Allies of a Different Sort \\ 217 T
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Notes Allies of a Different Sort \\
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Allies of a Different Sort \\ 221 1
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Allies of a Different Sort \\ 223 A
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Allies of a Different Sort \\ 225 3
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Allies of a Different Sort \\ 227 t
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Allies of a Different Sort \\ 229 P
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THE NEED TO REMEMBER Three Phases i
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The Need to Remember \\ 233 the ten
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One Significant Example The Need to
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The Need to Remember \\ 237 several
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The Need to Remember \\ 239 The ext
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The Need to Remember \\ 241 tions.
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The Need to Remember \\ 243 and ant
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The Need to Remember \\ 245 narrow
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The Need to Remember \\ 247 pal of
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The Need to Remember \\ 249 7. Ira
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The Need to Remember \\ 251 53; Dic
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The Need to Remember \\ 253 leges i
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The Need to Remember \\ 255 CONINTE
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AFRICAN AMERICANS AND JEWS IN HOLLY
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African Americans and Jews in Holly
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SEPARATE PATHS thirt een Blacks and
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Separate Paths \\ 277 attracted att
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Separate Paths \\ 279 sharecropper
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Separate Paths \\ 281 voter registr
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separate Paths \\ 283 Montgomery bu
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Separate Paths \\ 285 nor in the li
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Separate Paths \\ 287 and sexual co
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Separate Paths \\ 289 by Islam. Afr
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Separate Paths \\ 291 14. "Over the
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Separate Paths \\ 293 42. Powdermak
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AFFIRMATIVE ACTION Jewish Ideals, J
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Affirmative Action: Jewish Ideals,
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Affirmative Action: Action: Jewish
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APPENDIX Affirmative Action: Jewish
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Notes Affirmative Action: Jewish Id
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Affirmative Action: Jewish Ideals.
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AFFIRMATIVE ACTION African American
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Affirmative Action: African America
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"NATION TIME!" Black Nationalism, T
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Nation Time! \\ 343 pcting national
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Nation Time! \\ 345 In spite of the
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Nation Time! \\ 347 case among unto
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Nation Time! \\ 349 Likewise, the d
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Nat ion Time! \\ 351 A revealing ex
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Nation Time! \\ 353 The far greater
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Nation Time! \\ 355 Black and Red:
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AFRICAN AMERICANS AND ISRAEL GARY E
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African Americans and Israel \\ 359
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III African Americans and Israel \\
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ON IMAGINING FOES, IMAGINING FRIEND
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On Imagining Foes, Imagining Friend
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BLACKS, JEWS, AND GENDER nineteen T
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Blacks, Jews, and Gender \\ 387 You
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Blacks, Jews, and Gender \\ 389 for
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Blacks, Jews, and Gender \\ 39! als
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Blacks, Jews, and Gender \\ 393 Jr.
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Blacks, Jews, and Gender \\ 395 sch
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Blacks, Jews, and Gender \\ 397 be
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Blacks, Jews, and Gender \\ 399 Ano
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BLACKS AND JEWS A Personal Reflecti
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Blacks Blacks and Jews: A Personal
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Blacks and Jews: A Personal Reflect
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III Blacks Blacks and Jews: A Perso
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Blacks and Jews: A Personal Reflect
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WALKING THE TIGHTROPE Some Personal
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Walking the Tightrope \\ 413 societ
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Walking the Tightrope \\ 415 This p
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Paul Buhle teaches American Civiliz
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Notes on Contributors \\ 419 Theodo
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Berman, Paul, ed. Blacks and Jews:
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A. M. E. Church Review, 126 Abie's
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Bronx (New York): neighborhoods, 18
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Douglas, Justice, 337n.l '5 Douglas
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iots, 1977, 118; store owner, murde
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opposition to, 166, 402; withdrawal
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Naison, Mark, 206 Nassar, President
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Religious Action Center of Reform J
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Student Nonviolent Coordinating Com
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