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Proceedings of the 10th International Colloquium on Paratuberculosis

Proceedings of the 10th International Colloquium on Paratuberculosis

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#104<br />

Relati<strong>on</strong> between faecal shedders and envir<strong>on</strong>mental c<strong>on</strong>taminati<strong>on</strong> with Mycobacterium<br />

avium subsp. paratuberculosis <strong>on</strong> an experimental farm<br />

Susanne Eisenberg, Mirjam Nielen, Jeroen Hoeboer, Dick Heederik, Ad Koets<br />

Faculty <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, The Ne<str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>rlands<br />

Cows and <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> envir<strong>on</strong>ment <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> an experimental cattle farm were sampled 19 times over a period <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> 16 m<strong>on</strong>ths<br />

to investigate <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> influence <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> management measures <strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> temporal and spatial spread <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Mycobacterium<br />

avium subsp paratuberculosis (MAP). Over a 16 m<strong>on</strong>th period a destocked farm was cleaned, was restocked<br />

with high and medium MAP shedders and was destocked, cleaned again and disinfected. Samples were collected<br />

inside and outside <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> barn every 3 weeks and analysed by IS900 real-time PCR for <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> presence <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />

Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP). At <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> same moments faecal samples <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> all animals<br />

were collected and cultured by TREK culture system to investigate <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> level <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> bacteria shed in <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> envir<strong>on</strong>ment.<br />

Total MAP excreti<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> animals did vary significantly over <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> 19 sampling times. The organism could<br />

be detected inside as well as outside <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> barn in envir<strong>on</strong>mental samples. Settled dust samples (reflecting a 3<br />

week period) were more <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g>ten MAP c<strong>on</strong>taminated compared to floor samples. Data show that floor samples<br />

are less c<strong>on</strong>sistently MAP positive than samples <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> cubicles and <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> slatted floors. Destocking and cleaning<br />

with a high pressure cleaner did not reduce MAP in settled dust and floor samples. After disinfecti<strong>on</strong> no MAP<br />

could be detected in settled dust samples anymore but MAP DNA was still present in some floor samples.<br />

Whe<str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>r this was viable MAP will be tested in <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> near future.<br />

MAP c<strong>on</strong>taminated dust seems to spread undisturbed by management acti<strong>on</strong>s. Regular cleaning seems<br />

not to influence <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> c<strong>on</strong>taminati<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> envir<strong>on</strong>ment with MAP from settled dust. Fur<str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g>r research <strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />

c<strong>on</strong>centrati<strong>on</strong> and accumulati<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> MAP in settled dust is needed to asses <str<strong>on</strong>g>the</str<strong>on</strong>g> risk <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> MAP infecti<strong>on</strong> in young<br />

animals by (l<strong>on</strong>g-term) accumulated dust ingesti<strong>on</strong>.<br />

161

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