Proceedings of the 10th International Colloquium on Paratuberculosis

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#77 Characterisation <strong>of</strong> clinical paratuberculosis on New Zealand deer farms Peter Raymond Wilson, Cord Heuer, Colin Mackintosh, IVABS Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand; AgResearch Invermay, Mosgiel, New Zealand Aim: To characterise clinical paratuberculosis (ill-thrift and/or scouring unresponsive to treatment) in New Zealand (NZ) farmed deer herds. Method: Data were obtained by personal interview <strong>of</strong> 174 volunteer deer farmers in 2005 with known deer paratuberculosis culture status. Subsequent postal questionnaire data were obtained to 15 November 2007 from 81 <strong>of</strong> those herds. Descriptive data and associations between clinical Ptb, season and location are presented. Results: By 2005, 89% (96/108) <strong>of</strong> MAP positive herds had experienced ≥1 clinical case. In 2005 <strong>the</strong> median incidence in MAP positive herds was 1.2% (range 0.1% - 21.5%) in deer
#103 Persistence <strong>of</strong> Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (Map) in field dried hay fertilized with bovine slurry from Map infected herds Arrigoni N, Cammi G, Belletti GL Istituto Zoopr<strong>of</strong>ilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell’Emilia Romagna, Piacenza, Italy ABSTRACT Objective: Use <strong>of</strong> Map contaminated slurry or manure to fertilize crop fields is generally considered a risk factor for <strong>the</strong> Map transmission, although data on survival <strong>of</strong> Map in crops are sparse. Therefore, <strong>the</strong> persistence <strong>of</strong> Map on crops fertilized during <strong>the</strong> autumn-winter period with slurry or manure coming from Map infected herds was studied. Methods: Ten Map infected herds with different prevalence levels <strong>of</strong> infection were selected. Culture and PCR tests were performed on environmental samples collected from <strong>the</strong> infected farms to assess <strong>the</strong> level <strong>of</strong> Map contamination. The same tests were performed on crop samples collected at three different time-points: (1) on fresh hay before harvesting; (2) on hay after field drying; (3) on dried hay at <strong>the</strong> beginning <strong>of</strong> its use for animal feeding. Results: The environmental samples had massive presence <strong>of</strong> Map in <strong>the</strong> manure and slurry used to fertilize <strong>the</strong> fields. The tests performed on <strong>the</strong> fresh hay samples, collected before harvesting, showed a single positive result by PCR (10%) and were always negative by culture. The hay samples collected after field drying and at <strong>the</strong> beginning <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>ir use for animal feeding were always negative in both culture and PCR. Conclusion: These results suggested that under <strong>the</strong> described conditions, <strong>the</strong> contamination risk for field dried hay, although possible, is <strong>of</strong> limited importance for <strong>the</strong> spreading <strong>of</strong> infection. On <strong>the</strong> o<strong>the</strong>r hand this must not be underestimated in uninfected herds purchasing forage. Key words: Paratuberculosis, forages, survival, slurry, manure INTRODUCTION Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (Map), <strong>the</strong> causal agent <strong>of</strong> Paratuberculosis, can survive outside <strong>the</strong> animal for extended periods (163 days in river water, 270 days in pond water, 11 months in bovine faeces and soil, but only 7 days in urine) (1) . The fermentative processes in packed manure should, if treated correctly, result in higher temperatures than in slurry, <strong>the</strong>reby also reducing <strong>the</strong> risk <strong>of</strong> Map survival compared to in slurry (2). Map survival in bovine slurry has under experimental conditions been demonstrated to be 98 days at 15 °C, but can reach 252 days at 5 °C (7).. Because modern management procedures <strong>of</strong> dairy manure do not provide optimal conditions for Map inactivation, control plans against Map usually recommend not to fertilize forages with slurry from Map infected herds.. Spreading faeces on fields from which forage is later harvested and fed to animals <strong>of</strong> any age group is statistically correlated to <strong>the</strong> risk <strong>of</strong> Map infection in <strong>the</strong> herd (3). Therefore, <strong>the</strong> persistence <strong>of</strong> Map in crop fertilized during <strong>the</strong> autumn-winter period with slurry or manure coming from bovine infected herds was studied. MATERIAL AND METHODS A serologic survey was carried out on bulk milk samples coming from <strong>the</strong> dairy herds <strong>of</strong> North Italy, using an ELISA commercial kit (Institut Pourquier, France). Among <strong>the</strong> herds positive to <strong>the</strong> ELISA test, 10 were selected because <strong>the</strong>y used to spread faeces on fields for forage use.. A visit in <strong>the</strong>se 10 farms was carried out to provide information about <strong>the</strong> incidence <strong>of</strong> clinical cases <strong>of</strong> Paratuberculosis and procedures used to manage and spread manure and/or liquid slurry on fields.. The liquid slurry was stoked in lagoons (50%) or in intered containers (50%) and spread on forages without an adequate period <strong>of</strong> maturation, unlike <strong>the</strong> manure. The manure and/or <strong>the</strong> slurry were spread on <strong>the</strong> fields in autumn (45%) or winter (55%). The spread quantity varied from a minimum <strong>of</strong> 8 x 10 2 to a maximum <strong>of</strong> 5 x 10 4 Kg per hectare. A serologic survey was carried out on individual milk samples <strong>of</strong> all <strong>the</strong> lactating cows <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> herds (Kit ELISA Institut Pourquier) to confirm that <strong>the</strong> clinical cases were related to Map infections and to estimate <strong>the</strong> within-herd seroprevalence <strong>of</strong> Paratuberculosis.. 172 1
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Book of Abstracts
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Proceedings <stron
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Grant Support and Sponsorship <stro
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Scott Wells - Planning Committee Ch
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Monday, August 10, 2009 - All sessi
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Kari Røste Lybeck, Anne Kristine S
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1120-1140 #88: Influence of
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Concurrent Session B - Rm 175 Wille
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Thursday, August 13 Thursday, Augus
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Diagnostics and Genotyping Convenor
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#229 Detecting Johne’s Disease he
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Kalis CHJ, Hesselink JW, Barkema HW
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MATERIALS AND METHODS Sampling For
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To better determine the</st
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#107 Multilocus Short Sequence Repe
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Fig. 1. Dendogram (showing genetic
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#105 MIRU-VNTR genotyping o
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Diagnostics and Genotyping Poster A
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Missouri). Serum from a cow with do
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#7 Significance of
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RESULTS Of the 327
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Direct fecal nested Map PCR testing
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#16 Histopathological and immunohis
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#19 Development of
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#36 Genetic diversity of</s
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#60 Evaluation of
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#66 Comparison of
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(b) IS900 Nested PCR, using p90-p91
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(d) f57 Real Time PCR. The figure o
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• MIRU (3 loci); • VNTR-MIRU (7
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indexes, compared to each single an
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#108 Evaluation of
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#110 Detection and molecular confir
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endoscopic criteria and histopathol
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Bull TJ, McMinn EJ, Sidi-Boumedine
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#131 Seroprevalence of</str
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could be partly attributed to a sma
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#146 Analysis of v
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#162 Comparison of
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#187 Comparison of
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#191 Potentiating day-old blood sam
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samples from the s
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(MAA) (MAP87 and MAP3776) and 1 fro
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#196 Inter- and intra-subtype genot
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RESULTS In 601 (29%) of</st
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#211 Culture of my
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#242 Application and field validati
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#251 Diagnosis of
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Table 2. Paratuberculosis PCR resul
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#254 Programmes on Paratuberculosis
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Fig. 1. European countries specifyi
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A bulk milk quality assurance progr
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Republic of Lithua
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#276 Elimination of</strong
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other projects and
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Woodbine KA, Schukken YH, Green LE,
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Host Response and Immunology Keynot
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#33 MERKAL AWARD LECTURE No interfe
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#75 Interleukin 17 and interleukin
Page 122 and 123: #173 Local and systemic roles for b
Page 124 and 125: #23 Role of Mycoba
Page 126 and 127: Host Response and Immunology Poster
Page 128 and 129: #28 Intestinal MAP Infection via Pe
Page 130 and 131: #73 Age susceptibility of</
Page 132 and 133: #95 Role of nitric
Page 134 and 135: #134 Analysis of <
Page 136 and 137: #157 Study of <str
Page 138 and 139: #163 Immunohistochemical expression
Page 140 and 141: #193 Development of</strong
Page 142 and 143: #209 Murine macrophages carrying an
Page 144 and 145: #224 Application of</strong
Page 146 and 147: Table 1 UK and Cyprus MAP survey Re
Page 148 and 149: #228 Mycobacterium avium ssp. parat
Page 150 and 151: #145 MERKAL AWARD LECTURE Multinomi
Page 152 and 153: #50 Assessment of
Page 154 and 155: Table 1. Posterior median (CrIs) <s
Page 156 and 157: #55 Birth clusters of</stro
Page 158 and 159: from their dam, se
Page 160 and 161: #88 Influence of b
Page 162 and 163: #104 Relation between faecal shedde
Page 164 and 165: Epidemiology Poster Abstracts 109 1
Page 166 and 167: #22 The Prevalence of</stro
Page 168 and 169: CONCLUSION IS1311-based nested Ma/M
Page 170 and 171: #42 Seroprevalence survey o
Page 174 and 175: Environmental samples were collecte
Page 176 and 177: REFERENCES 1) Chiodini RJ, Van Krui
Page 178 and 179: #113 Effect of soi
Page 180 and 181: #136 Error-adjusted, variance parti
Page 182 and 183: Latium Region Viterbo districts RES
Page 184 and 185: #144 The suitability of</st
Page 186 and 187: #178 Age structure of</stro
Page 188 and 189: A statistically significant lower f
Page 190 and 191: #183 Sero-prevalence of</st
Page 192 and 193: #218 Johne’s disease in t
Page 194 and 195: #244 A survey to estimate t
Page 196 and 197: Control Programs Keynote Lecture Re
Page 198 and 199: #202 Milk quality assurance for par
Page 200 and 201: #141 Control of pa
Page 202 and 203: #198 Use of small
Page 204 and 205: Control Programs Poster Abstracts 1
Page 206 and 207: RESULTS Loss of al
Page 208 and 209: #40 Managing Bovine Johnes Disease
Page 210 and 211: #74 Economic analysis of</s
Page 212 and 213: #87 Evaluation of
Page 214 and 215: separately for each existing herd <
Page 216 and 217: #98 An inter-laboratory ring-trial
Page 218 and 219: #120 Paratuberculosis vaccine inter
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COMPLEMENTARY ASPECTS On-Farm Disea
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#168 Paratuberculosis in Iran: past
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#180 Behavioural change in owners <
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the fact that <str
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#182 An integrated risk based appro
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etween 0 to 10, depending on <stron
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#203 Milk quality assurance for par
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#234 Johne’s disease vaccine: a c
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Pathogenomics and MAP Biology Conve
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#45 Identification of</stro
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#117 Adsorption of
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#222 Atypical structural features <
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Pathogenomics and MAP Biology Persp
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#52 Is ‘Indian Bison Type’ Myco
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#69 In vitro susceptibility <strong
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#118 Cloning, expression and purifi
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#176 A reference proteomic pr<stron
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#213 Construction the</stro
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#230 Iron concentration dependent s
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Abstract not available at press tim
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#174 Sharing of
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#177 Associations between CARD15 po
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Perspectives Talk: Public Health My
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A total of 206 qua
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Feller, M., K. Huwiler, R. Stephan,
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In 2008, the Ameri
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#115 Crohn’s disease and ruminant
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International John
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#76 Towards improved reporting stan
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#97 The EU ParaTBTools Project - Th
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#241 US Vaccine Initiative through
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Paratuberculosis ELISA Reliable, si
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PRIONICS AG WAGISTRASSE 27A PHONE +
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Proceedings of the 10th International Colloquium on Paratuberculosis

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