The MBR Book: Principles and Applications of Membrane

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Conference title meet Dates Location Web address International Water Association Leading Edge Technology (LET) Conferences 1st LET Conference 26–28 May 2003 Amsterdam, The Netherlands 2nd LET Conference 1–4 June 2004 Prague 3rd LET Conference 6–8 June 2005 Sapporo, Japan www.iwahq.org.uk and Exhibition on Water and Wastewater Treatment Technologies International Water Association Membranes for Water and Wastewater Treatment 4th International 13–16 May 2007 Harrogate, UK www.iwamembranes.info Membranes Conference International Water Association World Water Congress (WWC) 2nd WWC 15–19 October 2001 Berlin, Germany 3rd WWC 7–12 April 2002 Melbourne, Australia 4th WWC 19–24 September 2004 Marrakech, Morocco 5th WWC 10–14 September 2006 Beijing, China Membrane Industry Association of China (and others) Water and Membrane China (WMC) WMC 2004 27–29 September 2004 Beijing, China WMC 2005 14–16 September 2005 Beijing, China Appendix E: Major recent MBR and wastewater conferences 295 WMC 2005 29–31 March 2005 Shanghai, China WMC 2006 29–31 March 2006 Shanghai, China www.iwahq.org.uk www.grandexh.com Network Young Membrains (NYM) NYM 2 7–8 September 2000 Aachen, The NYM 3 NYM 4 NYM 5 NYM 6 6–7 September 2001 5–7 July 2002 1–3 October 2003 22–24 September 2004 Netherlands � Delft, The Netherlands Toulouse, France www.itm.cnr.it/ Barcelona, Spain NYM8/site/history.htm Hamburg, Germany NYM 7 22–24 June 2005 Enschede, The Netherlands NYM 8 21–23 September 2006 Rende, Italy www.itm.cnr.it/NYM8 North American Membrane Society (NAMS) 11th Annual Meeting 23–27 May 2000 Colorado, USA www.membranes.org 12th Annual Meeting 15–20 May 2001 Kentucky, USA 13th Annual Meeting 11–15 May 2002 California, USA 14th Annual Meeting 17–21 May 2003 Wyoming, USA 15th Annual Meeting 26–30 June 2004 Hawaii, USA 16th Annual Meeting 11–15 June 2005 Rhode Island, USA Slovak Society of Chemical Engineering Membrane Science and Technology Conference of Visegrad Countries (PERMEA) PERMEA 2003 7–11 September 2003 Slovakia sschi.chtf.stuba.sk/ PERMEA 2005 18–22 September 2005 Poland permea � �
296 The MBR Book Conference title meet Dates Location Web address Water Environment Federation Water Environment Federation’s Technical Exhibition and Conference (WEFTEC) WEFTEC.00 October 2000 Anaheim, USA WEFTEC.01 WEFTEC.02 WEFTEC.03 WEFTEC.04 WEFTEC.05 WEFTEC.06 WEFTEC.07 WEFTEC.08 13–17 October 2001 28 September–2 October 2002 11–15 October 2003 2–6 October 2004 29 October–2 November 2005 21–25 October 2006 13–17 October 2007 18–22 October 2008 Atlanta, USA Chicago, USA Los Angeles, USA New Orleans, USA Washington DC, USA Dallas, USA San Diego, USA Chicago, USA � www.weftec.org WEFTEC.09 17–21 October 2009 Orlando, USA WEFTEC.10 2–6 October 2010 New Orleans, USA Water Quality Association; Amsterdam RAI Aquatech Aquatech Amsterdam 28 September–1 Amsterdam, The www.wqa.org 2004 October 2004 Netherlands Aquatech USA 2005 29 March–2 April 2005 Las Vegas, USA Aquatech USA 2006 29–31 March 2006 Chicago, USA Aquatech Amsterdam 26–29 September 2006 Amsterdam, The 2006 Netherlands Aquatech USA 2007 28–30 March 2007 Orlando, USA www.eshow2000.com/ wqa World Filtration Congress (WFC) WFC8 3–7 April 2000 Brighton, UK WFC9 18–22 April 2004 New Orleans, USA WFC10 14–18 April 2008 Leipzig, www.wfc10.com Germany In addition to the above, the following related conferences and workshops have also been held – again, this list is not comprehensive but represents a flavour of the events which are available: Event Last held Location Website Advanced Membrane 23–28 May 2004 Irsee, Germany www.engconfintl.org/ Technology calendar.html#environtech Annual Membrane/ December 2003 USA www.bccresearch.com/ Separations Technology conferences Planning Conference CITEM (Ibero American 6–8 July 2005 Valencia, Spain Congress on Membrane Science and Technology)
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The MBR Book
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The MBR Book: Principles and Applic
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Contents Preface ix Contributors xi
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Contents vii 4.2.5 The Industrial T
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Preface What’s In and What’s No
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Term Meaning Common units MLD Megal
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Contributors A number of individual
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Contributor(s) Association/Organisa
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Introduction With acknowledgements
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such as the filtration market, tech
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D R IVE R S R EST R AI N TS Bathing
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Introduction 7 Much of the legislat
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of non-point source pollution contr
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exploitation index (WEI), the value
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1 500 000 1 250 000 1 000 000 750 0
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Alternative immersed FS and HF memb
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1.6 Conclusions Whilst the most sig
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Introduction 19 USEPA (2006b) www.e
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Fundamentals With acknowledgements
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they can be put, which then provide
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3µm (a) (b) membrane is chemically
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Table 2.2 Membrane configurations C
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2.1.4 Membrane process operation 2.
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only pseudo-steady-state (or stabil
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P max P dP/dt backwash cycle t b Ba
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Fundamentals 35 2.1.4.6 Critical fl
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neo-exponential increase at fluxes
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Screened raw sewage biologically ar
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Table 2.4 Microbial metabolism type
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which affords the operator complete
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Cumulative %ile undersize 1 0.8 0.6
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occurs from the surrounding air to
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(Madoni et al., 1993). The inter-re
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Viscosity (mPa s) 100 10 1 Viscosit
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on discharged P levels have been im
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Membrane process mode Diffusion Ext
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energy demand in kWh/m 3 permeate p
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Table 2.5 System facets of denitrif
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Fundamentals 61 Moreover, the poten
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iomass. There are also issues with
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Table 2.6 Effect of pore size on MB
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Fundamentals 67 fouling to be influ
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Fundamentals 69 fouling (i.e. membr
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2.3.6 Feed and biomass characterist
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Fouling relative distribution (%) 1
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has been proposed by Cho and co-wor
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Fundamentals 77 in the influent. Ab
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MLSS sample Centrifugation 5 min 50
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Table 2.11 Concentration of SMP com
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Fundamentals 83 correlation of MBR
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(Cui et al., 2003) by inducing liqu
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Fundamentals 87 air cannot be used
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Table 2.12 Dynamic effects Determin
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Fundamentals 91 Table 2.13 Sub-crit
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Fundamentals 93 sludge (Cho and Fan
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Fundamentals 95 2.3.9.2 Employing a
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Fundamentals 97 Whilst ultrasonic c
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and immersed hybrid PAC-MBR (Kim an
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Lastly, the vast majority of all st
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Fundamentals 103 Brookes, A., Judd,
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Fundamentals 105 Côté, P., Buisso
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Fundamentals 107 Fuchs, W., Schatzm
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Fundamentals 109 Howell, J.A., Chua
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Fundamentals 111 Krauth, K. and Sta
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Fundamentals 113 Liu, R., Huang, X.
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Fundamentals 115 Nielson, P.H. and
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Fundamentals 117 Sato, T. and Ishii
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Fundamentals 119 Van Lier, J.B. (19
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Fundamentals 121 Zhang, Y., Bu, D.,
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Design With acknowledgements to: Ch
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Other contributions to pumping ener
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where J c is the cleaning flux. Fro
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Table 3.1 Main features of aeration
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Table 3.2 Biological operating para
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Table 3.3 Physical operating parame
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Table 3.4 Comparative pilot plant t
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Table 3.7 O&M data Design 137 Kubot
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Table 3.8 Feedwater quality, PLWTP
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Table 3.11 Cleaning protocols for t
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Figure 3.1 The planned location of
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Table 3.14 O&M data, Pietramurata W
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Design 147 Table 3.17 Design inform
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Maintenance CIP was conducted throu
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Permeability, LMH/bar 800 700 600 5
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Table 3.22 Summary of pilot plant p
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Table 3.25 Feedwater specification
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Table 3.34 Aeration design Paramete
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In short, the design calculation de
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complications arise when estimating
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Chapter 4 Commercial Technologies W
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4.1 Introduction Available and deve
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Commercial technologies 167 suction
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synonymous with R V Equation (3.13)
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(a) (b) Figure 4.8 The Huber VRM ®
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and is very robust. However, the la
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Commercial technologies 175 (a) (b)
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(a) (b) (c) Commercial technologies
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Other equipment 1.11% Process air b
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Thus far, almost all of the install
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Figure 4.22 A rack of Memcor B10R m
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Tensile elongation retention (%) 10
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Figure 4.28 Pilot plant at Mooka Co
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at 10 000-12 000 mg/L. The membrane
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4m 4m 1m Commercial technologies 19
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Figure 4.36 Ejector aerator Commerc
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Denitrification Nitrification Waste
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modules, with pore sizes ranging fr
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(a) (b) Figure 4.46 (a) Han-S Envir
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aerobic counterpart. This may be pa
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of the particularly large-diameter
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(c) air channelling, the risk of wh
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Case Studies With acknowledgements
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5.1 Introduction Membrane Bioreacto
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Case studies 211 Table 5.1 Comparis
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Case studies 213 0.6 m 3 per unit.
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Case studies 215 area of 15 840 m 2
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Aeration tank 1 FBDA FBDA 32 x J200
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Case studies 219 In this UNR config
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Table 5.6 Design criteria, Running
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Works inlet Inlet works Storm tank
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Case studies 225 to be treated to a
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Case studies 227 membranes, assembl
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Figure 5.16 A Naston package plant
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Air Influent DN N M Figure 5.18 The
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Table 5.9 Toray membrane-based MBR
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Figure 5.23 Aeration tank and cover
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Figure 5.24 The original plant at B
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Main permeate header Permeate pump
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Case studies 241 flow. Sludge waste
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Table 5.15 Water quality data, Unif
Page 262 and 263: TMP (Kpa) 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0
Page 264 and 265: 10 LMH; the plant operated at fluxe
Page 266 and 267: Table 5.17 Feed and treated water q
Page 268 and 269: Table 5.18 Water quality, Sobelgra
Page 270 and 271: Figure 5.37 Airlift municipal WWTP,
Page 272 and 273: Case studies 255 has been 20 g/L, b
Page 274 and 275: Case studies 257 The company had in
Page 276 and 277: Filtrate (ml) 25 20 15 10 5 IIndust
Page 278 and 279: Inflow Buffer tank Filtration Denit
Page 280 and 281: Figure 5.45 The VHP MBR (a) (b) Cas
Page 282 and 283: Figure 5.47 The Eden Project MBR Ba
Page 284 and 285: Table 5.25 Basis for process design
Page 286 and 287: 5.4.7 Other Orelis plant Case studi
Page 288 and 289: two membrane module configurations.
Page 290 and 291: Appendix A Blower Power Consumption
Page 292 and 293: or or (A.4) where � is the ratio
Page 294 and 295: Appendix B MBR Biotreatment Base Pa
Page 296 and 297: Y 0.61 g VSS/g COD Fan et al. (1996
Page 298 and 299: Appendix C Hollow Fibre Module Para
Page 300 and 301: L being the internal module length
Page 302 and 303: Appendix D Membrane Products
Page 304 and 305: Table D.3 Membrane module details o
Page 306 and 307: Table D.4 (continued) Supplier Asah
Page 308 and 309: Table D.5 Membrane module details o
Page 310 and 311: Appendix E Major Recent MBR and Was
Page 314 and 315: Event Last held Location Website Fo
Page 316 and 317: Appendix F Selected Professional an
Page 318 and 319: Japan Water Works Association (JWWA
Page 320 and 321: Nomenclature � Separation (m) �
Page 322 and 323: Nomenclature 305 Rsup Hydraulic res
Page 324 and 325: Abbreviations The following lists k
Page 326 and 327: PES Polyethylsulphone PP Polypropyl
Page 328 and 329: Glossary of Terms A number of key t
Page 330 and 331: Floc Aggregated solid (biomass) par
Page 332 and 333: Glossary of terms 315 Relaxation Ce
Page 334 and 335: Index A � factor 47, 49-50 and vi
Page 336 and 337: investment 9 for membrane replaceme
Page 338 and 339: I Iberia 2 immersed biomass-rejecti
Page 340 and 341: Nordkanal wastewater treatment work
Page 342: SUR unit 180 surface porosity 30 Su
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