Monograph on the Potential Human Reproductive and ... - OEHHA

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nTp brief 53.. Murray.TJ,.Maffini.MV,.Ucci.AA,.Sonnenschein.C,.Soto.AM.(2007).Reprod Toxicol.. Induction.of.mammary.gland.ductal.hyperplasias.and.carcinoma.insitu.following.fetal.bisphenol.A.exposure..23:383.–.390. 54.. Timms. BG,. Howdeshell. KL,. Barton. L,. Bradley.S,.Richter.CA,.vom.Saal.FS.(2005). Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A..Estrogenic.chemicals.in.plastic.and.oral.contraceptives.disrupt.development.of.the.fetal.mouse.prostate.and.urethra..102:.7014.–.7019. 55.. Howdeshell. KL,. Hotchkiss. AK,. Thayer. KA,.Vandenbergh.JG,.vom.Saal.FS.(1999). Nature..Exposure.to.bisphenol.A.advances. puberty..401:763.–.764. 56.. Willhite.CC,.Ball.GL,.McLellan.CJ.(2008). J Toxicol Environ Health B Crit Rev..Derivation. of. a. bisphenol. A. oral. reference. dose.(RfD).and.drinking-water.equivalent. concentration..11:69.–.146. 57.. Goodman. JE,. McConnell. EE,. Sipes. IG,. Witorsch. RJ,. Slayton.TM,.Yu. CJ,. Lewis. AS,.Rhomberg.LR.(2006).Crit Rev Toxicol.. An. updated. weight. of. the. evidence. evaluation. of. reproductive. and. developmental.effects.of.low.doses.of.bisphenol. A..36:387.–.457. 58.. vom.Saal.FS,.Akingbemi.BT,.Belcher.SM,. Birnbaum.LS,.Crain.DA,.Eriksen.M,.Farabollini.F,.Guillette.LJ,.Jr.,.Hauser.R,.Heindel.JJ,.Ho.SM,.Hunt.PA,.Iguchi.T,.Jobling. S,.Kanno.J,.Keri.RA,.Knudsen.KE,.Laufer. H,. LeBlanc. GA,. Marcus. M,. McLachlan.JA,.Myers.JP,.Nadal.A,.Newbold.RR,. Olea.N,.Prins.GS,.Richter.CA,.Rubin.BS,. Sonnenschein.C,.Soto.AM,.Talsness.CE,. Vandenbergh. JG,.Vandenberg. LN,. Walser-Kuntz.DR,.Watson.CS,.Welshons.WV,. Wetherill. Y,. Zoeller. RT. (2007). Reprod Toxicol.. Chapel. Hill. bisphenol. A. expert. 49 panel.consensus.statement:.integration.of. mechanisms,. effects. in. animals. and. potential.to.impact.human.health.at.current. levels.of.exposure..24:131.–.138. 59.. vom.Saal.FS,.Hughes.C.(2005).Environ Health Perspect..An.extensive.new.literature.concerning.low-dose.effects.of.bisphenol.A.shows.the.need.for.a.new.risk. assessment..113:926.–.933. 60.. Richter. CA,. Birnbaum. LS,. Farabollini. F,.Newbold.RR,.Rubin.BS,.Talsness.CE,. Vandenbergh.JG,.Walser-Kuntz.DR,.vom. Saal.FS.(2007).Reprod Toxicol..In vivo.effects.of.bisphenol.A.in.laboratory.rodent. studies..24:199.–.224. 61.. Melnick. R,. Lucier. G,. Wolfe. M,. Hall. R,. Stancel.G,.Prins.G,.Gallo.M,.Reuhl.K,.Ho. SM,.Brown.T,.Moore.J,.Leakey.J,.Haseman. J,.Kohn.M.(2002).Environ Health Perspect.. Summary.of.the.National.Toxicology.Program’s. report. of. the. endocrine. disruptors. low-dose.peer.review..110:427.–.431. 62.. Wetherill. YB,. Akingbemi. BT,. Kanno. J,. McLachlan.JA,.Nadal.A,.Sonnenschein.C,. Watson.CS,.Zoeller.RT,.Belcher.SM.(2007). Reprod Toxicol..In vitro molecular.mechanisms.of.bisphenol.A.action..24:.178.–.198. 63.. Nadal.A,. Ropero.AB,. Laribi. O,. Maillet. M,.Fuentes.E,.Soria.B.(2000).Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A..Nongenomic.actions.of. estrogens.and.xenoestrogens.by.binding. at.a.plasma.membrane.receptor.unrelated. to. estrogen. receptor. alpha. and. estrogen. receptor.beta..97:11603.–.11608. 64.. Nadal.A,.Ropero.AB,.Fuentes.E,.Soria.B,. Ripoll. C. (2004). Steroids.. Estrogen. and. xeno . estrogen. actions. on. endocrine. pancreas:.from.ion.channel.modulation.to.activation.of.nuclear.function..69:531.–.536.
65.. Alonso-Magdalena. P,. Laribi. O,. Ropero. AB,.Fuentes.E,.Ripoll.C,.Soria.B,.Nadal.A. (2005).Environ Health Perspect..Low.doses.of.bisphenol.A.and.diethylstilbestrol.impair.Ca 2+ .signals.in.pancreatic.alpha-cells. through.a.nonclassical.membrane.estrogen. receptor.within.intact.islets.of.Langerhans.. 113:969.–.977. 66.. Takayanagi.S,.Tokunaga.T,.Liu.X,.Okada. H,.Matsushima.A,.Shimohigashi.Y.(2006). Toxicol Lett..Endocrine.disruptor.bisphenol.A.strongly.binds.to.human.estrogen-related.receptor.gamma.(ERRgamma).with. high.constitutive.activity..167:95.–.105. 67.. Matsushima. A,. Kakuta. Y,. Teramoto. T,. Koshiba.T,.Liu.X,.Okada.H,.Tokunaga.T,. Kawabata.S,.Kimura.M,.Shimohigashi.Y. (2007).J Biochem..Structural.evidence.for. endocrine.disruptor.bisphenol.A.binding.to. human.nuclear.receptor.ERR.gamma..142:. 517.–.524. 68.. Abad. MC,.Askari. H,. O‘Neill. J,. Klinger. AL,.Milligan.C,.Lewandowski.F,.Springer. B,. Spurlino. J,. Rentzeperis. D. (2008). J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol.. Structural. determination. of. estrogen-related. receptor.gamma.in.the.presence.of.phenol.derivative.compounds..108:44.–.54. 69.. Liu.X,.Matsushima.A,.Okada.H,.Tokunaga. T,.Isozaki.K,.Shimohigashi.Y.(2007).FEBS J..Receptor.binding.characteristics.of.the. endocrine. disruptor. bisphenol.A. for. the. human.nuclear.estrogen-related.receptor. gamma..Chief.and.corroborative.hydrogen. bonds.of.the.bisphenol.A.phenol-hydroxyl. group.with.Arg316.and.Glu275.residues.. 274:6340.–.6351. 70.. Okada.H,.Tokunaga.T,.Liu.X,.Takayanagi. S,.Matsushima.A,.Shimohigashi.Y.(2008). Environ Health Perspect..Direct.evidence. 50 revealing.structural.elements.essential.for. the.high.binding.ability.of.bisphenol.A.to. human.estrogen-related.receptor-gamma.. 116:.32.–.38. 71.. Thomas.P,.Dong.J.(2006).J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol..Binding.and.activation.of. the.seven-transmembrane.estrogen.receptor.GPR30.by.environmental.estrogens:.a. potential.novel.mechanism.of.endocrine. disruption..102:175.–.179. 72.. Bonefeld-Jorgensen. EC,. Long. M,. Hofmeister.MV,.Vinggaard.AM.(2007).Environ Health Perspect.. Endocrine-disrupting.potential.of.bisphenol.A,.bisphenol.A.dimethacrylate,.4-n-nonylphenol,.and.4-noctylphenol.in.vitro:.new.data.and.a.brief. review..115.Suppl.1:69.–.76. 73.. Kruger.T,.Long.M,.Bonefeld-Jorgensen.EC. (2008).Toxicology..Plastic.components.affect.the.activation.of.the.aryl.hydrocarbon. and.the.androgen.receptor..246:112.–.123. 74.. Sohoni.P,.Sumpter.JP.(1998).J Endocrinol..Several.environmental.oestrogens.are. also.anti-androgens..158:327.–.339. 75.. Lee.HJ,.Chattopadhyay.S,.Gong.EY,.Ahn. RS,.Lee.K.(2003).Toxicol Sci..Antiandrogenic. effects. of. bisphenol.A. and. nonylphenol.on.the.function.of.androgen.receptor..75:40.–.46. 76.. Xu.LC,.Sun.H,.Chen.JF,.Bian.Q,.Qian.J,. Song.L,.Wang.XR.(2005).Toxicology..Evaluation.of.androgen.receptor.transcriptional. activities.of.bisphenol.A,.octylphenol.and. nonylphenol.in.vitro..216:.197.–.203. 77.. Sun.H,.Xu.LC,.Chen.JF,.Song.L,.Wang. XR.(2006).Food Chem Toxicol..Effect.of. bisphenol.A,.tetrachlorobisphenol.A.and. pentachlorophenol.on.the.transcriptional. nTp brief
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National Toxicology Program U.S. De
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[This page inTenTionally lefT blank
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NTP.will.transmit.the.NTP-CERHR.<st
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National Toxicology Program U.S. De
Page 13 and 14: [This page inTenTionally lefT blank
Page 15 and 16: nTp brief tainers.with.internal.epo
Page 17 and 18: Population Adult General. Populatio
Page 19 and 20: Table 3. Blood and Breast Milk Biom
Page 21 and 22: Figure 2b. The weight of evidence t
Page 23 and 24: in.considering.the.biological.plaus
Page 25 and 26: isphenol.A.as.efficiently.as.adult.
Page 27 and 28: isphenol.A..For.example,.this.raise
Page 29 and 30: laboRaToRy aNImal STudIeS In.contra
Page 31 and 32: of.normal.sex-based.differences.bet
Page 33 and 34: death.(168),.synaptic.plasticity.(1
Page 35 and 36: gland.carcinogen.or.that.bisphenol.
Page 37 and 38: understand.the.possible.long-term.c
Page 39 and 40: strategies.to.improve.the.sensitivi
Page 41 and 42: • • Howdeshell.et.al. (55).repo
Page 43 and 44: and.cystic.endometrial.hyperplasia.
Page 45 and 46: cutaneous. injection. 20 . vom. Saa
Page 47 and 48: are CurrenT exposures To bisphenol
Page 49 and 50: w/day;.95th.percentiles.0.289.-.0.2
Page 51 and 52: nTp ConClusions The.NTP.reached.the
Page 53 and 54: appendix a: inTerpreTaTion of blood
Page 55 and 56: µg/kg.bw/day.based.on.the.assumpti
Page 57 and 58: concentrations.from.maternal,.fetal
Page 59 and 60: 12.. Padmanabhan. V,. Siefert. K,.
Page 61: In..Research.Triangle.Park,.NC:.RTI
Page 65 and 66: 91.. Calabrese.EJ,.Baldwin.LA.(2003
Page 67 and 68: Thyroid.Function.in.Juvenile.Female
Page 69 and 70: droxylase.immunoreactivity..76:423.
Page 71 and 72: stanceschimiques.gc.ca/challenge-de
Page 73 and 74: Watanabe.H,.Ohta.Y,.Iguchi.T.(2006)
Page 75 and 76: 226..vom. Saal. FS,. Cooke. PS,. Bu
Page 77 and 78: solid.phase.extraction-high.perform
Page 79 and 80: appendix i. nTp-Cerhr bisphenol a e
Page 81 and 82: 158 CHAPIN ET AL. the CERHR Core Co
Page 83 and 84: 160 CHAPIN ET AL. referred to as 4,
Page 85 and 86: 162 CHAPIN ET AL. concentrations in
Page 87 and 88: 164 CHAPIN ET AL. Food (no. sampled
Page 89 and 90: 166 CHAPIN ET AL. Table 6 Continued
Page 91 and 92: 168 CHAPIN ET AL. comparison of the
Page 93 and 94: 170 CHAPIN ET AL. Table 8 Urinary C
Page 95 and 96: 172 CHAPIN ET AL. the blood of male
Page 97 and 98: 174 CHAPIN ET AL. Table 11 Bispheno
Page 99 and 100: 176 CHAPIN ET AL. Table 13 Summarie
Page 101 and 102: 178 CHAPIN ET AL. Table 15 Estimate
Page 103 and 104: 180 CHAPIN ET AL. Table 17 Maximum
Page 105 and 106: 182 CHAPIN ET AL. 2.0 GENERAL TOXIC
Page 107 and 108: 184 CHAPIN ET AL. fetuses (3.572.7
Page 109 and 110: 186 CHAPIN ET AL. Secondary sources
Page 111 and 112: 188 CHAPIN ET AL. Table 25 Maternal
Page 113 and 114:
190 CHAPIN ET AL. Table 27 Bispheno
Page 115 and 116:
192 CHAPIN ET AL. Table 31 Qualitat
Page 117 and 118:
194 CHAPIN ET AL. Table 33 Toxicoki
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Page 121 and 122:
198 CHAPIN ET AL. appeared to occur
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200 CHAPIN ET AL. Table 43 Biliary
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202 CHAPIN ET AL. suggesting that 4
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204 CHAPIN ET AL. low following ora
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206 CHAPIN ET AL. scaling and speci
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208 CHAPIN ET AL. 60-100% in each d
Page 133 and 134:
210 CHAPIN ET AL. related. No histo
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212 CHAPIN ET AL. Table 52 Continue
Page 137 and 138:
214 CHAPIN ET AL. Model and exposur
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216 CHAPIN ET AL. Model and exposur
Page 141 and 142:
218 Model and exposure Husbandry a
Page 143 and 144:
220 CHAPIN ET AL. Table 54 Differen
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222 CHAPIN ET AL. Table 56 Anti-And
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224 Table 57 In Vitro Genetic Toxic
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226 CHAPIN ET AL. Table 58 In Vivo
Page 151 and 152:
228 CHAPIN ET AL. Table 59 Developm
Page 153 and 154:
Page 155 and 156:
232 CHAPIN ET AL. Table 64 Tissue R
Page 157 and 158:
Page 159 and 160:
236 CHAPIN ET AL. treatment conditi
Page 161 and 162:
238 CHAPIN ET AL. clinical signs, b
Page 163 and 164:
240 CHAPIN ET AL. Table 71 Benchmar
Page 165 and 166:
242 CHAPIN ET AL. group, 5 from 1 l
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244 CHAPIN ET AL. least significant
Page 169 and 170:
246 CHAPIN ET AL. group was a reduc
Page 171 and 172:
248 CHAPIN ET AL. 100-151 g for fem
Page 173 and 174:
250 CHAPIN ET AL. 3.2.3.2 Developme
Page 175 and 176:
252 CHAPIN ET AL. weights, bispheno
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254 CHAPIN ET AL. 120 mg/kg bw/day
Page 179 and 180:
256 CHAPIN ET AL. comparisons condu
Page 181 and 182:
258 CHAPIN ET AL. the findings of t
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260 CHAPIN ET AL. analyzed.] Anogen
Page 185 and 186:
262 CHAPIN ET AL. purposeful confou
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264 CHAPIN ET AL. increased lordosi
Page 189 and 190:
266 CHAPIN ET AL. that there was a
Page 191 and 192:
268 CHAPIN ET AL. duration of adver
Page 193 and 194:
270 CHAPIN ET AL. doses of potent e
Page 195 and 196:
272 CHAPIN ET AL. Table 74 Effects
Page 197 and 198:
274 CHAPIN ET AL. reproductive orga
Page 199 and 200:
276 CHAPIN ET AL. tyrosine-hydroxly
Page 201 and 202:
278 CHAPIN ET AL. include small sam
Page 203 and 204:
280 CHAPIN ET AL. males/group. [It
Page 205 and 206:
282 CHAPIN ET AL. termination, whic
Page 207 and 208:
284 CHAPIN ET AL. provided a reliab
Page 209 and 210:
286 CHAPIN ET AL. grooming, and out
Page 211 and 212:
288 CHAPIN ET AL. method of oral do
Page 213 and 214:
290 CHAPIN ET AL. reared by their d
Page 215 and 216:
292 CHAPIN ET AL. has been informed
Page 217 and 218:
294 CHAPIN ET AL. buffered paraform
Page 219 and 220:
296 CHAPIN ET AL. unit. Further, th
Page 221 and 222:
298 CHAPIN ET AL. PND 21 and housed
Page 223 and 224:
300 CHAPIN ET AL. Tando et al. (200
Page 225 and 226:
302 CHAPIN ET AL. Purina Certified
Page 227 and 228:
304 CHAPIN ET AL. high-doses of bis
Page 229 and 230:
306 CHAPIN ET AL. born to those dam
Page 231 and 232:
308 CHAPIN ET AL. average weight we
Page 233 and 234:
310 CHAPIN ET AL. study authors con
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312 CHAPIN ET AL. used for extracti
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314 CHAPIN ET AL. jar, and there we
Page 239 and 240:
316 CHAPIN ET AL. of testes and com
Page 241 and 242:
318 CHAPIN ET AL. differentiation o
Page 243 and 244:
320 CHAPIN ET AL. Table 81 Summary
Page 245 and 246:
322 CHAPIN ET AL. Table 82 Continue
Page 247 and 248:
Page 249 and 250:
Page 251 and 252:
328 CHAPIN ET AL. 600 mg/kg bw/day)
Page 253 and 254:
330 CHAPIN ET AL. (Nagao et al., 19
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332 CHAPIN ET AL. antinuclear antib
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334 CHAPIN ET AL. least 6 animals.
Page 259 and 260:
336 CHAPIN ET AL. Utility (Adequacy
Page 261 and 262:
338 CHAPIN ET AL. stomach weight wa
Page 263 and 264:
340 CHAPIN ET AL. Schirling et al.
Page 265 and 266:
342 CHAPIN ET AL. Endpoint Table 88
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344 CHAPIN ET AL. different diets b
Page 269 and 270:
346 CHAPIN ET AL. with 40 mg vitami
Page 271 and 272:
348 CHAPIN ET AL. the bisphenol A v
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350 CHAPIN ET AL. and determining t
Page 275 and 276:
352 CHAPIN ET AL. expression [to B6
Page 277 and 278:
354 CHAPIN ET AL. indicated] at 0 (
Page 279 and 280:
356 CHAPIN ET AL. concentrations us
Page 281 and 282:
358 CHAPIN ET AL. animals were non-
Page 283 and 284:
360 CHAPIN ET AL. following adjustm
Page 285 and 286:
362 CHAPIN ET AL. Table 94 Treatmen
Page 287 and 288:
364 CHAPIN ET AL. Table 97 Effects
Page 289 and 290:
366 CHAPIN ET AL. Table 99 Treatmen
Page 291 and 292:
368 CHAPIN ET AL. Therefore the NTP
Page 293 and 294:
370 CHAPIN ET AL. weeks before mati
Page 295 and 296:
Page 297 and 298:
374 Table 101 Summary of High Utili
Page 299 and 300:
376 Table 102 Summary of Limited Ut
Page 301 and 302:
Page 303 and 304:
380 CHAPIN ET AL. from other suppli
Page 305 and 306:
382 CHAPIN ET AL. U.S. populations.
Page 307 and 308:
384 CHAPIN ET AL. 10. Critical desi
Page 309 and 310:
386 CHAPIN ET AL. Engel SM, Levy B,
Page 311 and 312:
388 CHAPIN ET AL. alpha and beta ex
Page 313 and 314:
390 CHAPIN ET AL. Murray TJ, Maffin
Page 315 and 316:
392 CHAPIN ET AL. Ryan BC, Vandenbe
Page 317 and 318:
394 CHAPIN ET AL. Thomas P, Dong J.
Page 319 and 320:
Page 321:
appendix iii. publiC CommenTs and p
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