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ISTEA Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 ITS Intelligent Transportation System km kilometer LPG liquid petroleum gasoline LUTRAQ Land-Use Transportation and Air Quality M Richter Magnitude MARAD Maritime Administration MMBD million barrels per day mmt million metric tons mpg miles per gallon MPO metropolitan planning organization MPRSA Marine Protection, Research, and Sanctuaries Act MSA metropolitan statistical area MTBE methyl-tertiary-butyl-ether NAAQS National Ambient Air Quality Standards NAFTA North American Free Trade Agreement NEPA National Environmental Policy Act NHS National Highway System NHTSA National Highway Traffic Safety Administration NIPA National Income and Products Account NO2 nitrogen dioxide NOX nitrogen oxides NPTS Nationwide Personal Transportation Survey NTSB National Transportation Safety Board O3 ozone OAI Office of Airline Information O&D origin and destination OECD Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development OPEC Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries ORNL Oak Ridge National Laboratory Pb lead PCB polychlorinated biphenyl PM-10 particulate matter of 10 microns in diameter or smaller PMSA primary metropolitan statistical area pmt passenger-miles traveled ppm parts per million ppmv parts per million volume PSI pollution standards index Appendix C: List of Acronyms � 265
266 � Transportation Statistics Annual Report 1996 RAP reclaimed asphalt pavement RCI Roadway Congestion Index RECLAIM regional clean air incentives market RFG reformulated gasoline RPMs revenue passenger-miles RSMs revenue seat-miles RTMs revenue ton-miles RUMAC rubber modified hot mix asphalt SCAQMD South Coast Air Quality Management District SIC Standard Industrial Classification SO2 sulfur dioxide SOV single-occupancy vehicle SPM suspended particulate matter STARS Strategic Targeting and Response System TAME tertiary-amyl-methyl-ether TCM transportation control measure TDM travel demand management TIP transportation improvement plan TIUS Truck Inventory and Use Survey TMIP Travel Model Improvement Program TOD transit-oriented development TPB Transportation Planning Board TRB Transportation Research Board TRI Toxic Release Inventory TSA Transportation Satellite Account TSAR Transportation Statistics Annual Report TSP total suspended particulates TTI Texas Transportation Institute ug/m micrograms per cubic meter UV ultraviolet vmt vehicle-miles traveled VOC volatile organic compounds WATS Warehousing and Trucking Survey ZEV zero-emission vehicle
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Bureau of Transportation Statistics
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U.S. DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION F
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5 THE STATE OF TRANSPORTATION STATI
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List of Figures PART I: THE STATE O
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9 AN INTERNATIONAL COMPARISON OF TR
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8 TRANSPORTATION AND AIR QUALITY: A
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well as the condition and performan
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cance of transportation is comparab
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U.S. society over the lifetime of p
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and compile statistical information
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onmental impacts focus on individua
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Angeles recorded 208 unhealthful da
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Part I The State of the Transportat
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4 � Transportation Statistics Ann
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10 � Transportation Statistics An
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To capture the rich interplay betwe
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Tables 2-1 and 2-2 present transpor
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kinds of transportation services co
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counted as products of the manufact
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worth of industrial output to final
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Measures of Transportation’s Impo
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New car Used car Gas and oil Gas ta
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Vehicle Operating Costs Vehicle pur
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Chapter 2 Transportation and the Ec
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federal funds spent on transit, rai
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The total collections from all thes
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classified under the industry in wh
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The airline industry is using fewer
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that businesses that once depended
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Millions of current dollars Annual
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C H A P T E R T H R E E TRANSPORTAT
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Risk exposure means that the more a
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fatality rate will continue to decl
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more than $14 billion in health car
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in terms of fatalities per distance
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that figure had dropped to 14 perce
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ed duty/sleep periods before their
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more seats (Title 14 Code of Federa
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Drivers who ignore warning signs ar
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The lack of accurate, comprehensive
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_____. 1996. 1995 Traffic Crashes,
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100 � Transportation Statistics A
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tion accounts for about one-ninth o
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cases the results have fallen short
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� Water Pollution The major sourc
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vehicles significantly lower the pe
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Total social cost at quantity Q' wh
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such as the Clean Air Act and Amend
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C H A P T E R S E V E N ENVIRONMENT
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CO emissions, 45 percent of all nit
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Index, 1970 = 1.0 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0 0
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highway vehicles emit only half the
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7-3). VOC emissions from mobile sou
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1988; before 1988, PM-10 was not di
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new CAAA regulations required a red
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that without the improvement, VOC e
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fuels are derived from natural gas
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Gallons (millions) 25 20 15 10 5 B
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The Strategic Targeting and Respons
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EPNdB Large jet—Stage 1 (L) Large
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� Aircraft Noise Aircraft noise b
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Chapter 7 Environmental Trends and
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iron, and other metals, and greater
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Re-use Waste tire inventory Process
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� Transportation of Hazardous Mat
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Netherlands employ compensatory pro
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Billions of 1990 dollars 30 25 20 1
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Developing the information needed f
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_____. 1990. Pollutant Loadings and
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Index, 1980 = 100 A. CO emissions,
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Page 248 and 249: Appendices
Page 280 and 281: AAMVA American Association of Motor
Page 284 and 285: U.S. to Metric Length (approximate)
Page 286 and 287: A Aboveground storage tanks, xxi, 1
Page 288 and 289: C CAA. See Clean Air Act CAAA. See
Page 290 and 291: Energy efficiency combination truck
Page 292 and 293: evenues, 53-56 subsidies paid to op
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Page 296 and 297: energy demand projections, 95 exter
Page 298 and 299: Tires burning, 158 disposal, xxi, 1
Page 300: physical condition and performance,
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