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New car
Used car
Gas and oil
Gas taxes
Finance charges
Maintenance
Insurance
Intercity
Transit
Registration fees
Other
between the two groups are found in the vehicle
purchases and other vehicles expenditures categories.
Black consumers spend a greater share
on vehicle purchases while white consumers
spend more for other vehicle expenses. These
differences are, in part, a product of substituting
vehicle leasing for vehicle purchases among
white households.
The area of significant variation in spending
is in the category of purchased transportation
services. Black and white consumers spend
about 1 percent of total expenditures on purchased
transportation. Black consumers, however,
spend twice as much on taxis as do white
consumers. Also, black consumer spending on
public transit is more than three times that of
white consumers. White consumers spend substantially
more than blacks for all categories of
intercity travel—about three times more for air
and rail travel.
Chapter 2 Transportation and the Economy � 47
FIGURE 2-4: DETAILED CONSUMER EXPENDITURES ON TRANSPORTATION, 1993 AND 1994
1.1
1.2
1.6
1.8
3.9 4.5
4.4
5.1
4.0
4.2
5.7
6.0
10.3
12.2
11.4
11.3
12.4
11.4
20.1
21.7
22.4
23.4
0 5 10 15
Percent
20 25 30
SOURCES: U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics, “Consumer Expenditures Survey,” 1993; and
unpublished data from the “Consumer Expenditures Survey,” 1994.
1993
1994
� Spending Away from Home
Consumer expenditures on travel while away
from home are difficult to ascertain. The CES
sheds valuable light on that segment of travel,
but several expenses are not included, such as
any travel paid for or reimbursed by employers
and institutions. Certain expenditures, such as
taxicabs, can be easily identified as to whether
the service was bought at home or on travel.
Other spending, however, such as vehicle purchases
or repairs, are more difficult to assign.
An allocation based on miles traveled or another
method would have to be developed in order
to determine the split between expenses incurred
at home and those incurred while traveling.
Identifiable expenditures reported by the
CES are shown in table 2-10. According to the
table, out-of-town consumer spending added up
to an average of about $450 per household in