journal of european integration history revue d'histoire de l ...
journal of european integration history revue d'histoire de l ...
journal of european integration history revue d'histoire de l ...
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70Claudia Hiepelmeeting that had obviously started in a strained atmosphere, when Schumanncomplained about the ingratitu<strong>de</strong> towards a suggestion that he regar<strong>de</strong>d as a Frenchconcession.The September Council <strong>of</strong> ministers meeting thus served to clarify the variouspoints <strong>of</strong> view without coming to a real agreement. A stocktaking <strong>of</strong> Germanforeign policies, written by Brandt’s close staff member and confidant Egon Bahr,clearly <strong>de</strong>monstrated the dilemma <strong>of</strong> German European policy. 35 It presumed thatthe French would not hin<strong>de</strong>r enlargement à la longue but that the applicants’ entrymight not be expected before the end <strong>of</strong> the next German legislative period, whichwould then take place at the end <strong>of</strong> 1973. The Fe<strong>de</strong>ral Republic could thereforechoose between two alternatives. Firstly, it could continue its existing policies <strong>of</strong>flexibility: acting in consensus with all six members and in so doing trying toprogress step-by-step in the process <strong>of</strong> European <strong>integration</strong>. The advantages <strong>of</strong>this alternative were seen in Germany’s partnership, <strong>de</strong>monstrating its espritcommunautaire. This option implied a refusal <strong>of</strong> power politics and was regar<strong>de</strong>das a pro<strong>of</strong> for the credibility <strong>of</strong> German foreign policy. The disadvantages werereflected in the emergence <strong>of</strong> a seesaw policy, with France ultimately setting thepace. Secondly, the Germans could put their national interests in the foreground byinsisting on a linkage between completion and enlargement. It seemed absurd, andnot only to Bahr, that the basic and ultimate goals <strong>of</strong> the Common Market would beestablished only to be modified again in the enlargement negotiations. It washowever clear, that such an attitu<strong>de</strong> put Germany in danger <strong>of</strong> becoming alienatedfrom its French ally and, should the enlargement negotiations fail, from its Britishally as well, on whose good will it <strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>d for the success <strong>of</strong> the Ostpolitikenvisaged by Brandt and Bahr. In addition, this course <strong>of</strong> confrontation would nothave promoted the European <strong>integration</strong> process at all. 36The <strong>de</strong>valuation <strong>of</strong> the French Franc in August only exacerbated these alreadycomplicated matters. The <strong>de</strong>finite regulation <strong>of</strong> the CAP seemed unattainable.Consequently, the enlargement negotiations were jeopardised which could finallylead into disintegrating Europe. This was a scenario that was seriously expected inthe German Foreign Office in the following 12 or 18 months. Once more, Franceseemed to be blocking the European Community, not politically as un<strong>de</strong>r Charles<strong>de</strong> Gaulle but economically. 37 The second working lunch meeting that took placeon 17 October in Luxembourg, with the absence <strong>of</strong> the German Foreign minister,did not lead to a way out <strong>of</strong> the European impasse. Schumann rejected a linkagebetween enlargement and completion, the other five member states insisted that thesummit conference should give a date for the start <strong>of</strong> negotiations. 388When the new government took over its <strong>of</strong>ficial duties in October 1969, theGerman attitu<strong>de</strong> towards the European <strong>integration</strong> process in general and towards35. Überlegungen zur Außenpolitik einer künftigen Bun<strong>de</strong>sregierung. Aufzeichnung <strong>de</strong>sMinisterialdirektors Bahr, 21.09.1969, in: AAPD, 1969, vol.II, document no.296, pp.1047-1057.36. Ibid., pp.1056 ff.37. Aufzeichnung <strong>de</strong>s Ministerialdirektors Frank, 26.08.1969, betr.: Europäische Politik, in: AAPD,1969, vol.II, document no.267, pp.929 ff.