International Polar Year 2007–2008 - WMO

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290 IPY 20 07–20 08 Meet. Suppl., Abstract S41A-1311. Lawrence, J.F., D.A. Wiens, A.A. Nyblade, S. Anandakrishnan, P.J. Shore and D. Voigt, 2006. Upper mantle thermal variations beneath the Trans-Antarctic Mountains from teleseismic S-wave attenuation. Geophys. Res. Lett., 33: L03303, doi: 10.1029/2005GL024516. Leitchenkov, G.L., Y.B. Guseva and V.V. Gandyukhin, 2007. Cenozoic environmental changes along the East Antarctic continental margin inferred from regional seismic stratigraphy. U.S.Geological Survey and U.S. National Academy; USGS OF- 2007-1047, Short Research Paper 005, doi: 10.3133/ of2007-1047.srp005. Leveque, J.J., A. Maggi, A. Delladio, J. Burdin, J.Y. Thore and A. Morelli, 2008. ConCorDia: a new, permanent seismological station in Antarctica. EGU General Assembly. Leveque, J.J., A. Maggi, A. Souriau and G. Wittlinger, 2010. CASE-IPY: autonomous seismic stations newly deployed on the East Antarctic Plateau. EGU General Assembly. Leykam, D., H. Tkalcic and A.M. Reading, 2010. Core structure re-examined using new teleseismic data recorded in Antarctica: evidence for, at most, weak cylindrical seismic anisotropy in the inner core. Geophys. J. Int., 180(3):1329-1343. Livermore, R., C.D. Hillenbrand, M. Meredith and G. Eagles, 2007. Drake Passage and Cenozoic climate: An open and shut case? Geochem., Geophys., Geosyst. (G3), 8: Q01005, doi:10.1029/2005GC001224. Lombardi, D., T. Camelbeeck, G. Rapagnani, M.J. Van Camp, N. Bergeot, C. Bruyninx, O. Francis and T.M. van Dam, 2009. Geodetic and Seismological Research at the new Princess Elisabeth Station, Queen Maud Land, East Antarctica. Eos Transactions. AGU, 90(52), Fall Meet. Suppl., Abstract C43A-0495, San Francisco, U.S.A. Maestro, A., J. López-Martínez, F. Bohoyo, M. Montes, F. Nozal, S. Santillana and S. Marenssi, 2008. Geodynamic implications of Cenozoic to recent stress field, Seymour Island (Western Antarctica). Ant. Science, 20(2):173-184. Majdański M., P. Środa, M. Malinowski, W. Czuba, M. Grad, A. Guterch and E. Hegedűs, 2008. 3D seismic model of the uppermost crust of the Admiralty Bay area, King George Island, West Antarctica. Polish Polar Res., 29(4):1-16. Mäkinen, J., M. Amalvict, K. Shibuya and Y. Fukuda, 2007. Absolute gravimetry in Antarctica: Status and prospects. J. of Geodyn., 43(3):339–357. Mäkinen, J., M. Bilker-Koivula, H. Koivula, J. Ahola and M. Poutanen, 2008. Observations of gravity change and crustal motion in Dronning Maud Land: implications for postglacial rebound and present-day mass balance. European Geosciences Union, General Assembly. Vienna. Geophys. Res. Abstracts, 10, EGU2008-A-10835. Maldonado, A., F. Bohoyo, J. Galindo-Zaldívar, F.J. Hernández-Molina, F.J. Lobo, A. Schreyder and E. Suriñach, 2007. Early opening of Drake Passage: regional seismic stratigraphy and paleoceanographic implications. In Antarctica: A Keystone in a Changing World – Online Proceedings of the 10th ISAES, A.K. Cooper, C.R. Raymond et al. (eds), Extended Abstract 057, 1-4. U.S. Geological Survey and The National Academies, USGS OF- 2007-1047. Mancini, F., M. Negusini, A. Zanutta and A. Capra, 2007. Vertical motions in Northern Victoria Land inferred from GPS: A comparison with a glacial isostatic adjustment model. In Antarctica: A Keystone in a Changing World – Online Proceedings of the 10th ISAES, A.K. Cooper, C.R. Raymond et al., (eds), Research Paper 073, 5 p. USGS Open-File Report 2007-1047, Short.; doi: 10.3133/of2007- 1047.srp073. Müller,C., B. Bayer, A. Eckstaller and H. Miller, 2008. Mantle flow in the South Sandwich subduction environment from source-side shear wave splitting. Geophys. Res. Lett., 35: L03301, doi: 10.1029/2007GL032411. Nettles, M. and G. Ekström, 2010. Glacial Earthquakes in Greenland and Antarctica. Annual Rev. of Earth and Planet. Sc., 38. doi: 10.1146/annurevearth-040809-152414. Ohzono M., T. Tabei, K. Doi, K. Shibuya and T. Sagiya, 2006. Crustal movement of Antarctica and Syowa Station based on GPS measurements. Earth Planets Space, 58:795-804. Rashid, Z., M. Momani, S. Sulaiman, M. Ali, B. Yatim, G. Fraser and N. Sato, 2006. GPS ionospheric TEC measurement during the 23rd November 2003
total solar eclipse at Scott Base Antarctica. J. Atmosph. and Solar-Terrest. Phys., 68(11):1219-1236. Reading, A.M., 2006. The seismic structure of Precambrian and early Palaeozoic terranes in the Lambert Glacier region, East Antarctica. Earth and Planet. Sc. Lett., 244(1-2):44-57. Reading, A.M., 2007. The seismicity of the Antarctic plate. GSA Special Papers, 425:285-298. Reading, A.M., 2008. Bouncing Continents: Insights into the physics of the polar regions of the Earth from the IPY POLENET initiative. Physics Education, 43(4):383-391. doi: 10.1088/0031-9120/43/4/005. Reading, A.M. and M. Heintz, 2008. Seismic anisotropy of East Antarctica from shear-wave splitting: spatially varying contributions from lithospheric structural fabric and mantle flow? Earth and Planet. Sc. Lett., 268(3-4):433-443. Reusch, A.M., Nyblade, A.A., M.H. Benoit, D.A. Weins, S. Anandadrishnan, D. Voigt and P.J. Shore, 2008. Mantle transition zone thickness beneath Ross Island, the Transantarctic Mountains, and East Antarctica. Geophys. Res. Lett., 35: L12301, doi:10.1029/2008GL033873. Rignot, E., J.L. Bamber, M.R. van den Broeke, C. Davis, Y. Li, W.J. van de Berg and E. van Meijgaard, 2008. Recent Antarctic ice mass loss from radar interferometry and regional climate modeling. Nat. Geosci., 1:106– 110. doi: 10.1038/ngeo102. Rogister, Y., M. Amalvict, J. Hinderer, B. Luck and A. Memin, 2007. Absolute gravity measurements in Antarctica during the International Polar Yer. In Antarctica: A Keystone in a Changing World – Online Proceedings of the 10th ISAES, A.K. Cooper, C.R. Raymond et al., (eds), Extended Abstract 173, 4 p. USGS Open-File Report 2007-1047. Salimbeni, S., S. Pondrelli and A. Morelli, 2009. Seismic anisotropy analysis in the Victoria Land region (Antarctica). Sarti, P., M. Negusini, C. Lanconelli, A. Lupi, C. Tomasi and A. Cacciari, 2008. GPS and Radiosonde Derived Precipitable Water Vapour Content and its Relationship with 5 Years of Long-Wave Radiation Measurements at “Mario Zucchelli” Station, Terra Nova Bay, Antarctica. In Geodetic and Geophysical Observations in Antarctica – An Overview in the IPY Perspective, A. Capra and R. Dietrich, (eds), p. 145- 178. Springer: Berlin, Heidelberg. Scheinert, M., A.F. Zakrajsek, L. Eberlein, S.A. Marenssi, M. Ghidella, R. Dietrich and A. Rülke, 2007. Gravimetry and GPS Observations at Belgrano II Station to Test Ocean Tidal Models. Rev. Asoc. Geol. Argentina, 62(4):646-651. Scheinert, M., A.F. Zakrajsek, S.A. Marenssi, R. Dietrich and L. Eberlein, 2008. Complimentary to Continuous GPS for the Validation of Ocean Tide Models. In: Geodetic and Geophysical Observations in Antarctica – An Overview in the IPY Perspective, A. Capra and R. Dietrich, (eds), p 267-280. Springer: Berlin, Heidelberg. Scheinert, M., A.F. Zakrajsek, L. Eberlein, R. Dietrich, S.A. Marenssi and M.E. Ghidella, submitted. Gravimetric time series recording at the Argentine Antarctic stations Belgrano II and San Martín for the improvement of ocean tide models. In Proceedings IAG General Assembly, M. Pacino, S. Kenyon and U. Marti, (eds). Sella, G., S. Stein, T. Dixon, M. Craymer, T. James, S. Mazzotti, and R. Dokka, 2007. Observation of glacial isostatic adjustment in “stable’ North America with GPS. Geophys. Res. Lett., 34: L02306, doi: 10.1029/2006GL027081. Smalley, R. Jr., I.W.D. Dalziel, M.G. Bevis, E. Kendrick, D.S. Stamps, E.C. King, F.W. Taylor, E. Lauría, A. Zakrajsek and H. Parra, 2007. Scotia arc kinematics from GPS Geodesy. Geophys. Res. Lett., 34: L21308, 6 p, doi: 10.1029/2007GL031699. Tregoning, P., G. Ramillien, H. McQueen and D. Zwartz, 2009. Glacial isostatic adjustment and nonstationary signals observed by GRACE. J. Geophys. Res., 114, B06406, doi: 10.1029/2008JB006161 Velicogna, I., 2009. Increasing rates of ice mass loss from the Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets revealed by GRACE. Geophys. Res. Lett., 36: L19503, doi: 10.1029/2009GL040222. Vey, A. and R. Dietrich, 2008. Validation of the Atmospheric Water Vapour Content from NCEP Using GPS Observations Over Antarctica. In Geodetic and Geophysical Observations in Antarctica – An Overview in the IPY Perspective, A. Capra and R. Dietrich, (eds), p 125-136. Springer: Berlin, Heidelberg. Watson, T., A. Nyblade, D.A. Wiens, S. Anandakrishnan, M. Benoit, P.J. Shore, D. Voigt and J. VanDecar, 2006. P and S velocity structure of the upper s C I e n C e P r o g r a m 291
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Understanding Earth’s Polar Chall
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Understanding Earth’s Polar Chall
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iv IPY 20 07-20 08 Table of Content
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vi IPY 20 07-20 08 Preface This sum
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viii IPY 20 07-20 08 Acknowledgemen
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x IPY 20 07-20 08 JC Members, IPO s
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xii IPY 20 07-20 08 Culp, Joseph 3.
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xiv IPY 20 07-20 08 Larsen, Joan Ny
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xvi IPY 20 07-20 08 Virtue, Patti 5
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xviii IPY 20 07-20 08 I N T R O D U
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xx IPY 20 07-20 08 As the polar reg
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xxii IPY 20 07-20 08 from many of t
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xxiv IPY 20 07-20 08
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2 IPY 20 07-20 08 PA R T O N E : PL
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4 IPY 20 07-20 08 References Andree
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Fig. 1.1-1 Carl Weyprecht (1838-188
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8 IPY 20 07-20 08 Box 2 Programme o
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10 IPY 20 07-20 08 Fig. 1.1-4 Globa
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Fig. 1.1-6 First meeting of the Com
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14 IPY 20 07-20 08 at the same Dani
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Fig. 1.1-8 U.S. Navy and constructi
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18 IPY 20 07-20 08 Cooperation.’
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20 IPY 20 07-20 08 decades (1950-19
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22 IPY 20 07-20 08 References Andre
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24 IPY 20 07-20 08 World Data Cente
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26 IPY 20 07-20 08 Placing the Firs
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28 IPY 20 07-20 08 23 Berkner’s l
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Fig. 1.2-1. Report on the forthcomi
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Fig. 1.2-3.First online publication
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34 IPY 20 07-20 08 Box 1 Neumayer D
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Fig. 1.2-7. Fragment from the minut
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38 Box 2 Proposal to Establish an I
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40 IPY 20 07-20 08 the IPY Planning
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42 Box 3 Extract from the Proceedin
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44 Box 4 IPY 20 07-20 08 Resolution
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46 IPY 20 07-20 08 1-12. Paris. IAG
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48 IPY 20 07-20 08 Notes 1 Andreev
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50 IPY 20 07-20 08 nations needed t
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52 IPY 20 07-20 08 ICSU and WMO Pro
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54 IPY 20 07-20 08 Thiede for SCAR,
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56 IPY 20 07-20 08 PG-3, First Disc
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Fig. 1.3-7 (right). Cover page of t
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60 IPY 20 07-20 08 established by 1
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62 IPY 20 07-20 08 Box 3 The develo
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Fig. 1.3-21 (left). Cover page of t
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Fig. 1.3-24. “A Vision for the In
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68 IPY 20 07-20 08 3 To the nine me
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70 IPY 20 07-20 08 multi-disciplina
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Fig. 1.4-2. SCAR Executive Committe
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74 IPY 20 07-20 08 to understand th
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Fig. 1.4-6. Front page of the AOSB
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78 IPY 20 07-20 08 International Po
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80 IPY 20 07-20 08 experts who atte
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82 IPY 20 07-20 08 and recognized I
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84 IPY 20 07-20 08 References IASC
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86 IPY 20 07-20 08 ATCM References
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88 IPY 20 07-20 08 best expertise f
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90 IPY 20 07-20 08 The EoI database
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92 IPY 20 07-20 08 support from Nor
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94 IPY 20 07-20 08 Box 3 Formal est
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96 IPY 20 07-20 08 Fig. 1.5-7. JC C
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98 IPY 20 07-20 08 Fig. 1.5-9. Fahr
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100 IPY 20 07-20 08 Box 7 Global la
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Fig.1.5-16. JC-8 Meeting in St. Pet
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104 IPY 20 07-20 08 Box 8 “The St
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106 IPY 20 07-20 08 A somewhat cont
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Fig.1.5-20 Jerónimo López-Martín
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Fig.1.5-21 IPY 2007-2008 was offici
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112 IPY 20 07-20 08 References Alli
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114 IPY 20 07-20 08 Portugal, Russi
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116 IPY 20 07-20 08 limited success
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118 IPY 20 07-20 08 Fig. 1.6-1. IPO
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120 Box 1 Meetings and conferences
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122 IPY 20 07-20 08 lished under IP
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Fig.1.6-3. IPO staff members Nicola
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126 IPY 20 07-20 08 References Kais
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128 IPY 20 07-20 08 not sufficient
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130 IPY 20 07-20 08 the IPY Observi
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132 IPY 20 07-20 08 and data manage
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134 IPY 20 07-20 08 PA R T T WO: IP
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136 IPY 20 07-20 08 of which have g
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Fig. 2.1-1. The new building of Tik
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140 IPY 20 07-20 08 instruments on
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Fig. 2.1-4. Time-patterns of the da
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Fig. 2.1-6. Ozone loss rates (parts
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146 IPY 20 07-20 08 fractional sea
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148 IPY 20 07-20 08 Fig. 2.1-9. Sea
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150 IPY 20 07-20 08 vations obtaine
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152 IPY 20 07-20 08 pre-dating the
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154 IPY 20 07-20 08 Sensing, 48(4):
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Table 2.2-1. Estimates of volume, h
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Fig. 2.2-3. Track of the NABOS Crui
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Fig. 2.2-4. Distribution of the oce
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162 IPY 20 07-20 08 quality of the
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164 IPY 20 07-20 08 much of the ozo
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166 IPY 20 07-20 08 concentration m
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168 IPY 20 07-20 08 Jackson et al.,
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170 IPY 20 07-20 08 developed or pr
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172 IPY 20 07-20 08 decrease in the
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Fig. 2.2-11. The acoustic data from
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176 IPY 20 07-20 08 providing plent
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178 IPY 20 07-20 08 Sampling of the
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Fig. 2.2-15 The position of the ice
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Fig. 2.2-17. Schematic of the scien
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184 IPY 20 07-20 08 48(1): 5-21. Di
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186 IPY 20 07-20 08 doi:10.1029/200
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Table 2.3-1. IPY projects in the So
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Fig. 2.3-1b. Hydrographic sections
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Fig. 2.3-2a. A total of 61,965 prof
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194 IPY 20 07-20 08 period. These p
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Fig.e 2.3-5. The Weddell gyre flow
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Fig. 2.3-7. Dissolved iron, salinit
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200 IPY 20 07-20 08 Fig. 2.3-8. Ver
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Fig. 2.3-9. CAML ship sampling duri
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204 IPY 20 07-20 08 the theory that
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Fig. 2.3-12. Dead krill on the beac
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Fig. 2.3-14. Laser altimeter swath
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210 IPY 20 07-20 08 tions and Infor
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212 IPY 20 07-20 08 solved iron in
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214 IPY 20 07-20 08 Antarctic ice s
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216 IPY 20 07-20 08 so-called Dansg
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218 IPY 20 07-20 08 other Greenland
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Fig. 2.4-3. The newly completed NEE
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222 IPY 20 07-20 08 In July-August
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Fig. 2.4-7. Bed topography map for
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Fig. 2.4-9. The grid over which dat
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228 IPY 20 07-20 08 Fig. 2.4-10. Ta
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Fig. 2.4-12. Airborne lidar and gro
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232 IPY 20 07-20 08 tic and Antarct
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234 IPY 20 07-20 08 Fig. 2.5-1. Sch
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236 IPY 20 07-20 08 our planet: the
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238 IPY 20 07-20 08 base Syowa via
Page 266 and 267: 240 IPY 20 07-20 08 possible to add
Page 268 and 269: 242 IPY 20 07-20 08 sary environmen
Page 270 and 271: Fig. 2.6-1. An artist’s cross-sec
Page 272 and 273: 246 IPY 20 07-20 08 conditions. The
Page 274 and 275: Fig. 2.6-3. Russian scientific trav
Page 276 and 277: 250 IPY 20 07-20 08 Fig. 2.6-5a. Co
Page 278 and 279: 252 IPY 20 07-20 08 Emerging Subgla
Page 280 and 281: 254 IPY 20 07-20 08 Masolov V.N., S
Page 282 and 283: Fig. 2.7-1. Permafrost extent in th
Page 284 and 285: 258 IPY 20 07-20 08 contributed to
Page 286 and 287: Table 2.7-1. Inventory of Northern
Page 288 and 289: Table 2.7-2. Inventory of Antarctic
Page 290 and 291: 264 IPY 20 07-20 08 Arctic Circum-P
Page 292 and 293: 266 IPY 20 07-20 08 Northern Circum
Page 294 and 295: 268 IPY 20 07-20 08 Permafrost in t
Page 296 and 297: 270 IPY 20 07-20 08 Engineers Offic
Page 298 and 299: 272 IPY 20 07-20 08 Valcárcel-Día
Page 300 and 301: Fig. 2.8-1. Antarctica’s Gamburts
Page 302 and 303: 276 IPY 20 07-20 08 sampling at rel
Page 304 and 305: 278 IPY 20 07-20 08 Fig. 2.8-5. PLA
Page 306 and 307: Fig. 2.8-6. POLENET autonomous, col
Page 308 and 309: Fig. 2.8-7. Continuouslyrecording G
Page 310 and 311: 284 IPY 20 07-20 08 Seismic imaging
Page 312 and 313: 286 IPY 20 07-20 08 expectations of
Page 314 and 315: 288 IPY 20 07-20 08 Willis, 2009b.
Page 318 and 319: 292 IPY 20 07-20 08 mantle beneath
Page 320 and 321: Table 2.9-1. Terrestrial Projects u
Page 322 and 323: 296 IPY 20 07-20 08 future. For thi
Page 324 and 325: Fig. 2.9-2. A small moving drill wa
Page 326 and 327: 300 IPY 20 07-20 08 2.9-4. Field si
Page 328 and 329: 302 IPY 20 07-20 08 line zones have
Page 330 and 331: 304 IPY 20 07-20 08 that the Arctic
Page 332 and 333: Fig. 2.9-7. Olga Bohuslavova, Ph.D.
Page 334 and 335: 308 IPY 20 07-20 08 Acknowledgement
Page 336 and 337: 310 IPY 20 07-20 08 arctic polar se
Page 338 and 339: Table 2.10-1. List of active projec
Page 340 and 341: 314 IPY 20 07-20 08 Fig. 2.10-1. IP
Page 342 and 343: 316 IPY 20 07-20 08 Box 1. The ‘f
Page 344 and 345: 318 IPY 20 07-20 08 The field of th
Page 346 and 347: Table 2.10-2. Recommended ‘Small
Page 348 and 349: 322 IPY 20 07-20 08 as a research a
Page 350 and 351: Fig. 2.10-7. Participants of the
Page 352 and 353: Fig. 2.10-9. 6th International Cong
Page 354 and 355: 328 IPY 20 07-20 08 eral models. Th
Page 356 and 357: 330 IPY 20 07-20 08 popularity duri
Page 358 and 359: 332 IPY 20 07-20 08 in an Arctic Re
Page 360 and 361: 334 IPY 20 07-20 08 Vairo, C., R. C
Page 362 and 363: Fig. 2.11-1. The circumpolar Arctic
Page 364 and 365: 338 IPY 20 07-20 08 and the Danish
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340 IPY 20 07-20 08 Canadian traini
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342 IPY 20 07-20 08 Fig. 2.11-3. Th
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344 IPY 20 07-20 08 logical studies
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Fig. 2.11-5. Salmon drying on the Y
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348 IPY 20 07-20 08 health status (
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350 IPY 20 07-20 08 communication,
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352 IPY 20 07-20 08 play an importa
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354 IPY 20 07-20 08 References Alle
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356 IPY 20 07-20 08 D are associate
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358 IPY 20 07-20 08 PA R T T H R E
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360 IPY 20 07-20 08 during IPY (Cha
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Fig. 3.1-1. Antarctica mosaic image
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Fig. 3.1-3. Evolution of the Wilkin
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Fig. 3.1-5. Threedimensional mappin
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Fig. 3.1-8. Time series of monthly
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370 IPY 20 07-20 08 References Alli
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Fig. 3.2-1. Potential temperature/
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Fig. 3.2-3. A Distributed Biologica
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Fig. 3.2-4. Fresh water content (FW
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Fig. 3.2-6. Composite changes in th
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Fig. 3.2-7. Mooring components (lef
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382 IPY 20 07-20 08 observing syste
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384 IPY 20 07-20 08 with the recent
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386 IPY 20 07-20 08 ocean circulati
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388 IPY 20 07-20 08 for sustained o
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Fig. 3.3-5. Map showing the locatio
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392 IPY 20 07-20 08 Fig. 3.4-1. Map
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Top left - Fig. 3.4-3: Screen shot
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396 IPY 20 07-20 08 including how t
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Fig. 3.5-1. Antarctic stations at t
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Fig. 3.5-3. Servicing the AWS at Bu
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Fig. 3.5-6. Sonde launch at Halley
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404 IPY 20 07-20 08 Fig. 3.5-8. Bre
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406 IPY 20 07-20 08 Fig. 3.6-1. Ave
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408 IPY 20 07-20 08 forecast ranges
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Fig.3.6-5. Sea Ice Outlook: 2009 Su
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Fig. 3.7-1. Examples of the cryosph
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414 IPY 20 07-20 08 Global Cryosphe
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416 IPY 20 07-20 08 and build on ex
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Fig. 3.8-1. SAON website - www. arc
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420 IPY 20 07-20 08 be necessary to
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422 IPY 20 07-20 08 on data sharing
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424 IPY 20 07-20 08 Fig. 3.9-1. CBM
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Fig. 3.9-3. Screenshots of the CBMP
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Fig. 3.9-5. (left) Data Coverage by
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Table 3.9-2. Current status, trends
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Fig. 3.9-9. The components of a com
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434 IPY 20 07-20 08 CAFF CBMP Repor
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436 IPY 20 07-20 08 polar communiti
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438 IPY 20 07-20 08 Fig. 3.10-3. Mo
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Fig. 3.10-5. Combining data on trad
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Fig. 3.10-6. NOMAD Expedition camp
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444 IPY 20 07-20 08 and visual form
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Fig. 3.10-10. Group of hunters camp
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Fig. 3.10-12. BSSN Research Assista
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Fig. 3.10-15. The Siku- Inuit-Hila
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Fig. 3.10-17. Meeting with officers
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454 IPY 20 07-20 08 monitoring prod
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456 IPY 20 07-20 08 Edited by I. Kr
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458 IPY 20 07-20 08 the World Ocean
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460 IPY 20 07-20 08 In the period l
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Table 3.11-1. National IPY Data Coo
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464 IPY 20 07-20 08 on basic data m
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466 IPY 20 07-20 08 handling commun
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468 IPY 20 07-20 08 funding agencie
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470 IPY 20 07-20 08 metadata. • M
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472 IPY 20 07-20 08 A major initial
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Table 3.11-2. Summary assessment of
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476 IPY 20 07-20 08 tion and Data.F
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478 IPY 20 07-20 08 PA R T F O U R
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480 IPY 20 07-20 08 Fig. 4.0-2. A w
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482 IPY 20 07-20 08 Historical back
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Fig. 4.1-1. Participants at the Str
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486 IPY 20 07-20 08 students throug
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488 IPY 20 07-20 08 Officers from m
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Fig. 4.1-2. Students in Portugal to
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492 IPY 20 07-20 08 Two internation
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494 IPY 20 07-20 08 the submissions
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Fig. 4.1-4. (left) Teachers partici
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498 IPY 20 07-20 08 conference, ‘
Page 526 and 527:
500 Fig. 4.2-1. IPYPD Basic search
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Table 4.2-2. Distribution of public
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504 IPY 20 07-20 08 Google Groups t
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506 IPY 20 07-20 08 tative/liaison
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508 IPY 20 07-20 08 material had to
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510 IPY 20 07-20 08 References Arct
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512 IPY 20 07-20 08 Highlights from
Page 540 and 541:
514 IPY 20 07-20 08 students throug
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Fig. 4.3-1. Participants of the mee
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Fig. 4.3-3. Early career scientists
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520 IPY 20 07-20 08 management. The
Page 548 and 549:
Fig. 4.3-4. During IPY early career
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524 IPY 20 07-20 08 PA R T FI V E :
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526 IPY 20 07-20 08 ‘legacies’)
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528 IPY 20 07-20 08 sciences_for_ip
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530 IPY 20 07-20 08 of multidiscipl
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Fig. 5.1-2 In situ platforms, inclu
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534 IPY 20 07-20 08 tion documented
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536 IPY 20 07-20 08 warming over th
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538 IPY 20 07-20 08 the Russian Ant
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540 IPY 20 07-20 08 Background with
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542 IPY 20 07-20 08 achievements al
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544 IPY 20 07-20 08 with a Sunyaev-
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546 IPY 20 07-20 08 doing will cont
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548 IPY 20 07-20 08 IPY 2007-2008 (
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Fig.5.2-4. Proposed structure of th
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552 IPY 20 07-20 08 from April 2010
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554 IPY 20 07-20 08 References ACIA
Page 582 and 583:
556 IPY 20 07-20 08 and China agree
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Fig.5.3-1. Routine CTD profiling du
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560 IPY 20 07-20 08 Svalbard, Norwa
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Fig.5.3-7. Comparison of geostrophi
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Fig.5.3-9. Participants of the IPY
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Fig.5.3-11. Japanese- Swedish Antar
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Fig.5.3-13. Memorial photo after th
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570 IPY 20 07-20 08 Fig.5.3-15. New
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Fig.5.3-17. Malaysian biologist Che
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Fig.5.3-19. Malaysian Arctic sampli
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576 IPY 20 07-20 08 their role via
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578 IPY 20 07-20 08 IPY 2007-2008 g
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Fig. 5.4-3. Community meeting organ
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582 IPY 20 07-20 08 Krupnik and Jol
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584 IPY 20 07-20 08 training may be
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586 IPY 20 07-20 08 of the universi
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Table 5.4-1: UArctic Members and St
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Fig. 5.4-11. Inaugural IAI meeting
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592 IPY 20 07-20 08 References Refe
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594 IPY 20 07-20 08 Council (AC) in
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596 IPY 20 07-20 08 established in
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598 IPY 20 07-20 08 cal cycle, perm
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600 IPY 20 07-20 08 Fig.5.5-3. In t
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602 IPY 20 07-20 08 New Role of the
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604 IPY 20 07-20 08 Fig. 5.5-6. Ice
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Fig.5.5-8. Paul Berkman, Chair of t
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608 IPY 20 07-20 08 speakers and pa
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610 IPY 20 07-20 08 Approach for Br
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612 IPY 20 07-20 08 promoted since
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614 IPY 20 07-20 08 states in polar
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Fig.5.6-2. The IPY Oslo Science Con
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618 Box 1 Oslo Science Conference P
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Fig. 5.6-6 The inclusion of early c
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622 IPY 20 07-20 08 2008 implementa
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624 IPY 20 07-20 08 capacity buildi
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626 IPY 20 07-20 08 emissions of me
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628 IPY 20 07-20 08 Epilogue Lead A
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Table E-1: What Does It Take to Com
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632 IPY 20 07-20 08 both ICSU and W
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634 IPY 20 07-20 08
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636 IPY 20 07-20 08 Robin Bell is a
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638 IPY 20 07-20 08 Tillmann Mohr i
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640 IPY 20 07-20 08 Volker Rachold
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642 IPY 20 07-20 08 A PPENDIX 2 IPY
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644 IPY 20 07-20 08 Activity ID Tit
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650 IPY 20 07-20 08 A PPENDIX 3 Joi
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652 IPY 20 07-20 08 Third Meeting o
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654 IPY 20 07-20 08 Fifth Meeting o
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656 IPY 20 07-20 08 Seventh Meeting
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658 IPY 20 07-20 08 Ninth Meeting o
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660 IPY 20 07-20 08 A PPENDIX 5 Sub
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662 A PPENDIX 6 IPY Project Charts,
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Appendix 6 Fig.3. Version 3.4, Apri
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Appendix 6 Fig.5. Version 6.4, May
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668 A PPENDIX 7 List of the Nationa
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670 IPY 20 07-20 08 Poland IPY Nati
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672 IPY 20 07-20 08 A PPENDIX 9 IPY
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674 IPY 20 07-20 08 2002 February.
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676 IPY 20 07-20 08 January 22. Int
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678 IPY 20 07-20 08 November 24. Ar
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680 IPY 20 07-20 08 March 2. IPY Da
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682 IPY 20 07-20 08 February 16. Sc
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684 IPY 20 07-20 08 2008 January 20
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686 IPY 20 07-20 08 February 26. Th
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688 IPY 20 07-20 08 A PPENDIX 10 Se
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690 IPY 20 07-20 08 A PPENDIX 11 Li
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692 IPY 20 07-20 08 FWC Freshwater
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694 IPY 20 07-20 08 OCH Oscillating
Page 724:
698 The International Polar Year (I
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International Polar Year 2007–2008 - WMO

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