FEMA 453 Design Guidance for Shelters and Safe Rooms

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Table 4-1: Shelter Equipment and Supplies (continued) Type Equipment/Supplies First Aid Supplies adhesive tape and bandages in assorted sizes safety pins in assorted sizes Latex gloves scissors and tweezers antiseptic solutions antibiotic ointments moistened towelettes non-prescription drugs (e.g., aspirin and non-aspirin pain relievers, antidiarrhea medications, antacids, syrup of ipecac, laxatives) smelling salts for fainting spells Petroleum jelly Eye drops Wooden splints thermometers towels Fold up cots First aid handbooks Water adequate quantities for the duration of the expected event(s) Sanitary Supplies Infant and Children Supplies toilet paper moistened towelettes Paper towels Personal hygiene items disinfectants chlorine bleach Plastic bags Portable chemical toilet(s), when regular toilets are not contained in the shelter disposable diapers Powders and ointments moistened towelettes Pacifiers Blankets EmErgEncy managEmEnt considErations 4- 7
Toilets would be needed by the occupants of hurricane shelters because of the long duration of hurricanes. The toilets would need to function without power, water supply, and possibly waste disposal. Whether equipped with standard or chemical toilets, the shelter should have at least one toilet for every 75 occupants, in addition to the two minimum recommended toilets. 4.5.8.3 Emergency Supplies. Shelter space should contain, at a minimum, the following safety equipment: m Flashlights with continuously charging batteries (one flashlight per 10 shelter occupants) and glow sticks m Fire extinguishers (number required based on occupancy type) appropriate for use in a closed environment with human occupancy, surface mounted on the shelter wall m First aid kits rated for the shelter occupancy m NOAA weather radio with continuously charging batteries m A radio with continuously charging batteries for receiving commercial radio broadcasts m A supply of extra batteries to operate radios and flashlights m An audible sounding device that continuously charges or operates without a power source (e.g., canned air horn) to signal rescue workers if shelter egress is blocked 4.5.8.4 Communications Equipment. A means of communication other than a landline telephone is recommended for all shelters. Blasts, tornadoes, and hurricanes are likely to cause a disruption in telephone service. At least one means of backup communication should be stored in or brought to the shelter. This could be a ham radio, cellular telephone, satellite telephone, citizens band radio, or emergency radio capable of reaching police, fire, or other emergency service. If cellular telephones are relied upon for communications, the owners/operators of the shelter should install a signal amplifier to send/receive cellular signals from within the shelter. It should be noted that cellular 4- 8 EmErgEncy managEmEnt considErations
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Risk Management Series Design Guida
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Any opinions, findings, conclusions
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This guidance focuses on safe rooms
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protect occupants until law enforce
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of best practices (based on current
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Project Advisory Panel: Ronald Bark
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1.7.1.1. Tornado.or.Short-term.Shel
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2.6.6. RM1.and.RM2.Reinforced.Mason
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4.5. Community.Shelter.Operations.P
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FIgUREs chapter 1 Figure.1-1.. Terr
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Figure.2-16.. Spray-on.elastomer.co
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chapter 4 Figure.4-1.. Preparedness
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in response to the manmade CBRE thr
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decides not to chance fate and cons
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Although operational security measu
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Table 1-2: Safe Evacuation Distance
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Figure 1-1 terrorism by event 1980
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odorless. Their effects occur mainl
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Figure 1-3 radioactive materials sm
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Table 1-3: Correlation of ISC Level
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Table 1-4: ISC CBR Levels of Protec
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m It is partially shielded by the s
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m Single-use shelters. Single-use s
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structure or a new structure to be
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m Territoriality (promotes a sense
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Figure 1- examples of internal shel
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Figure 1-9 examples of internal she
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loading depending upon the building
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model building codes all have provi
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Figure 1-10 national Weather servic
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operations and maintenance plan. De
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For tornado shelters, the most crit
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Reference Standard 6-1 Photolumines
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every building should have an emerg
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Three methods are followed for the
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partitions for areas of about 12,00
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the 2006 editions of nFPa 101, Life
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Figure 1-13 operations Zones, casua
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Figure 1-1 nrP-cis emergency decont
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Figure 1-1 example of Pentagon stag
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Figure 1-19 site and evidence colle
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2.1 OVerVieW Structural deSign crit
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affect the hazard potential of the
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2.2.1 Blast effects in low-rise Bui
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As an example, panelized constructi
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2.3 hardened cOnStructiOn 2.3.1 Str
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Protective design further requires
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deformed, and transfer them to the
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pressures, such that they overcome
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façade materials intact and attach
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2.4 neW cOnStructiOn The design of
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Blast-resistant detailing requires
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the slab, the slab reinforcement mu
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spacing of 16 inches that extends i
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In order for the glazing to realize
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precast panels, the spacing of the
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to a column or a vehicle-borne expl
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without any means of attachment or
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polycarbonate glazing can be mixed
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Rigid catch bar systems were design
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stainless steel cables connected wi
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Alternatively, an unreinforced maso
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Figure 2- 9 Metal stud blast wall I
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2.5.3 checklist for retrofitting is
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Shearwalls consist of straight or d
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Light wood frame structures do not
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eam column joints, all member stres
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Steel moment frame structures provi
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Steel frames with infill masonry wa
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esponse to 500 pounds of TNT at a s
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to provide ductile performance. The
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Unless sited in a seismic zone, con
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Precast concrete frames and shearwa
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uilding. Locating the shelter in th
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Unreinforced load-bearing masonry b
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damage in response to 500 pounds of
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Floor slabs within an interior stai
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3.1 oVeRVieW This chapter describes
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m Class 2. This class also includes
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may be necessary for people to occu
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3.3 SaFe RooM CRiTeRia This section
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interior room is preferable to a ro
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m Penetrations. Measures for reduci
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Figure 3- hinged covers facilitate
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enclosure subjected to wind and buo
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Many models of these indoor air pur
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designing and building ultra-high e
Page 176 and 177: Table 3-2: Leakage per Square Foot
Page 178 and 179: 3.5 opeRaTionS anD MainTenanCe For
Page 180 and 181: m Turn on a radio or TV in the safe
Page 182 and 183: Tape, plastic, and carbon dioxide d
Page 184 and 185: m Isolation dampers. Correct damper
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Page 188 and 189: have been appropriately placed to p
Page 190 and 191: m To develop an understanding of th
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Page 194 and 195: Task 4. Determine How Much Filtered
Page 196 and 197: Pre-heat Coil Module. This module c
Page 198: address system or the single-switch
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Page 219 and 220: designated. The following is a list
Page 221 and 222: m Coordinating shelter evacuation p
Page 223 and 224: 4.5.5 notification manager The Noti
Page 225: Table 4-1: Shelter Equipment and Su
Page 229 and 230: 4.5.8.7 Emergency Equipment Credenz
Page 231 and 232: FEma’s United states Fire adminis
Page 233 and 234: 4.7.3 event safety procedures The f
Page 235 and 236: 4.9 training and inFormation Employ
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Page 241 and 242: Phan, L.T., and Simiu, E. 1998. The
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Page 245 and 246: Corps of Engineers Guide Specificat
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Page 249 and 250: State of Florida Shelter Plan, Flor
Page 251 and 252: Management (2003) http://floridadis
Page 253 and 254: UL 586, High-Efficiency, Particulat
Page 255 and 256: C CA California C&C components and
Page 257 and 258: F FBI Federal Bureau of Investigati
Page 259 and 260: J JFO Joint Field Office K kb kilob
Page 261 and 262: O O.C. on center OG outer garments
Page 263: U UBC Building Code UCRL University
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FEMA 453 Design Guidance for Shelters and Safe Rooms

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