FEMA 453 Design Guidance for Shelters and Safe Rooms

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Twisdale, L.A. 1985. “Analysis of Random Impact Loading Conditions.” Proceedings of the Second Symposium on The Interaction of Non-Nuclear Munitions with Structures. Panama City Beach, FL. April 15-18. U.S. Department of Energy. 1994. Natural Phenomena Hazards Design and Evaluation Criteria for Department of Energy Facilities. DOE- STD-1020-94. Washington, DC. April. General Use security Documents DoD Field Manual No. 3-19.30, Physical Security, 8 January 2001. Headquarters, Department of the Army, Washington, DC. UG-2031-SHR: Protection Against Terrorist Vehicle Bombs, May 1998. Naval Facilities Engineering Service Center, Security Engineering Division Port Hueneme, CA 93043. Department of the Air Force, Force Protection Battlelab Vehicle Bomb Mitigation Guide, 01 July 1999. Terrorist Bomb Threat Stand-Off Card. Defense Threat Reduction Agency, Washington, DC. 1995. Project Development and Design security Documents DoD Army TM 5-853-1/AFMAN 88-56, Vol. 1, 5/94, Security Engineering Project Development. Department of the Army, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Washington, DC 20314-1000. Army TM 5-853-2/Air Force AFMAN 32-1071, Vol. 2, Security Engineering Concept Design, 5/94. Department of the Army, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, ATM: CEYP-ET, Washington, DC 20314- 1OOU. DoD Army TM 5-853-3/AFMAN 32-1071, Vol. 3, 5/94, Security Engineering Final Design. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Washington, DC 20314-1OOU. references A
Army TM 5-853-4, Security Engineering Electronic Security Systems, 5/94. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Washington, DC 20314- 1OOU. DoD Army TM 5-855-4/AFMAN 32-1071, Vol. 3, 11/86, Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning of Hardened Installations. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Washington, DC 20314-1OOU. DoD UFC 4-010-01, Minimum Antiterrorism Standards. DoD UFC 4-023-03, Design of Buildings to Prevent Progressive Collapse. DC 20314-1OOU20314-1OOUB.7 Army Corps of Engineers Blast Analysis Manual, Part 1 - Level of Protection Assessment Guide, PDC- TR-91-6 dated 7/91. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Omaha, NE. TDS 2063-SHR, Blast Shielding Walls, 9/98. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Washington, DC 20314-1OOU. UG-2030-SHR: Security Glazing Applications, 5/98. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Washington, DC 20314-1OOU. Threat, Vulnerability, and Risk Assessment Risk Assessment Method Property Analysis and Ranking Tool (RAM- PART) being developed by Sandia National Laboratories for GSA. (Currently no copy available) CNO Antiterrorism/Force Protection Division (N34) Integrated Vulnerability Assessment (IVA) Guide. Vulnerability Assessment Worksheet from U.S. Army Reserve. Headquarters, Department of the Army, Washington, DC. Port Integrated Vulnerability Assessment (PIVA) For Civilian and Other Non-US Military Ports (Rev-00). TDS 2062-SHR, Estimated Damage to Structures from Terrorist Bombs, 9/98. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Washington, DC. A- references
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Risk Management Series Design Guida
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Any opinions, findings, conclusions
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This guidance focuses on safe rooms
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protect occupants until law enforce
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of best practices (based on current
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Project Advisory Panel: Ronald Bark
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1.7.1.1. Tornado.or.Short-term.Shel
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2.6.6. RM1.and.RM2.Reinforced.Mason
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4.5. Community.Shelter.Operations.P
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FIgUREs chapter 1 Figure.1-1.. Terr
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Figure.2-16.. Spray-on.elastomer.co
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chapter 4 Figure.4-1.. Preparedness
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in response to the manmade CBRE thr
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decides not to chance fate and cons
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Although operational security measu
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Table 1-2: Safe Evacuation Distance
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Figure 1-1 terrorism by event 1980
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odorless. Their effects occur mainl
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Figure 1-3 radioactive materials sm
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Table 1-3: Correlation of ISC Level
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Table 1-4: ISC CBR Levels of Protec
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m It is partially shielded by the s
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m Single-use shelters. Single-use s
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structure or a new structure to be
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m Territoriality (promotes a sense
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Figure 1- examples of internal shel
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Figure 1-9 examples of internal she
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loading depending upon the building
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model building codes all have provi
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Figure 1-10 national Weather servic
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operations and maintenance plan. De
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For tornado shelters, the most crit
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Reference Standard 6-1 Photolumines
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every building should have an emerg
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Three methods are followed for the
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partitions for areas of about 12,00
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the 2006 editions of nFPa 101, Life
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Figure 1-13 operations Zones, casua
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Figure 1-1 nrP-cis emergency decont
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Figure 1-1 example of Pentagon stag
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Figure 1-19 site and evidence colle
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2.1 OVerVieW Structural deSign crit
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affect the hazard potential of the
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2.2.1 Blast effects in low-rise Bui
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As an example, panelized constructi
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2.3 hardened cOnStructiOn 2.3.1 Str
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Protective design further requires
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deformed, and transfer them to the
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pressures, such that they overcome
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façade materials intact and attach
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2.4 neW cOnStructiOn The design of
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Blast-resistant detailing requires
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the slab, the slab reinforcement mu
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spacing of 16 inches that extends i
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In order for the glazing to realize
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precast panels, the spacing of the
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to a column or a vehicle-borne expl
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without any means of attachment or
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polycarbonate glazing can be mixed
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Rigid catch bar systems were design
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stainless steel cables connected wi
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Alternatively, an unreinforced maso
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Figure 2- 9 Metal stud blast wall I
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2.5.3 checklist for retrofitting is
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Shearwalls consist of straight or d
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Light wood frame structures do not
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eam column joints, all member stres
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Steel moment frame structures provi
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Steel frames with infill masonry wa
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esponse to 500 pounds of TNT at a s
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to provide ductile performance. The
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Unless sited in a seismic zone, con
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Precast concrete frames and shearwa
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uilding. Locating the shelter in th
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Unreinforced load-bearing masonry b
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damage in response to 500 pounds of
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Floor slabs within an interior stai
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3.1 oVeRVieW This chapter describes
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m Class 2. This class also includes
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may be necessary for people to occu
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3.3 SaFe RooM CRiTeRia This section
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interior room is preferable to a ro
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m Penetrations. Measures for reduci
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Figure 3- hinged covers facilitate
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enclosure subjected to wind and buo
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Many models of these indoor air pur
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designing and building ultra-high e
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Table 3-2: Leakage per Square Foot
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3.5 opeRaTionS anD MainTenanCe For
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m Turn on a radio or TV in the safe
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Tape, plastic, and carbon dioxide d
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m Isolation dampers. Correct damper
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3.7 CoMMiSSioninG a CLaSS 1 CBR SaF
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have been appropriately placed to p
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m To develop an understanding of th
Page 192 and 193: CBR ThReaT pRoTeCTion Figure 3- Tas
Page 194 and 195: Task 4. Determine How Much Filtered
Page 196 and 197: Pre-heat Coil Module. This module c
Page 198: address system or the single-switch
Page 201 and 202: the Homeland security digital Libra
Page 203 and 204: the national Fire Protection associ
Page 205 and 206: From established reporting mechanis
Page 207 and 208: An Emergency Operations Center (EOC
Page 209 and 210: m Weapons of Mass Destruction-Civil
Page 211 and 212: dHs/FEma and the office for domesti
Page 213 and 214: The 48 seconds do not include the t
Page 215 and 216: Figure 4-5 High-rise buildings and
Page 217 and 218: m In the initial phase (hours and d
Page 219 and 220: designated. The following is a list
Page 221 and 222: m Coordinating shelter evacuation p
Page 223 and 224: 4.5.5 notification manager The Noti
Page 225 and 226: Table 4-1: Shelter Equipment and Su
Page 227 and 228: Toilets would be needed by the occu
Page 229 and 230: 4.5.8.7 Emergency Equipment Credenz
Page 231 and 232: FEma’s United states Fire adminis
Page 233 and 234: 4.7.3 event safety procedures The f
Page 235 and 236: 4.9 training and inFormation Employ
Page 237 and 238: Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearm
Page 239 and 240: Federal Emergency Management Agency
Page 241: Phan, L.T., and Simiu, E. 1998. The
Page 245 and 246: Corps of Engineers Guide Specificat
Page 247 and 248: Addresses workplace vulnerability t
Page 249 and 250: State of Florida Shelter Plan, Flor
Page 251 and 252: Management (2003) http://floridadis
Page 253 and 254: UL 586, High-Efficiency, Particulat
Page 255 and 256: C CA California C&C components and
Page 257 and 258: F FBI Federal Bureau of Investigati
Page 259 and 260: J JFO Joint Field Office K kb kilob
Page 261 and 262: O O.C. on center OG outer garments
Page 263: U UBC Building Code UCRL University
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FEMA 453 Design Guidance for Shelters and Safe Rooms

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