FEMA 453 Design Guidance for Shelters and Safe Rooms

Shelter occupants should not leave the shelter until rescue personnel
arrive to escort occupants to the Cold Zone. The building
occupants must go through several staging areas to ensure that
any CBR contamination is not spread across a larger geographical
area. There are two processes currently used to evacuate an area;
the Ladder Pipe Decontamination System (LDS, see Figure 1-14)
and the Emergency Decontamination Corridor System (EDCS, see
Figure 1-15).
Ladder Pipe Decontamination System (LDS)
advantages
m rapid setup time
m Provides large capacity high volume low
pressure shower
m rapid hands-free mass decontamination
disadvantages
m no privacy
m increased chance of hypothermia from
exposure to elements
composed of:
m Ladder pipe/truck
m 2 engines
m Hand-held hose lines
setup:
m engines placed approximately 20 feet apart
m 2 1/2-inch fog nozzles set at wide fog pattern
attached to pump discharges
m truck with fog nozzle placed on ladder pipe to
provide downward fog pattern
Firefighters (FFs) can be positioned at either
or both ends of the shower area to apply
additional decontamination wash
Figure 1-14 nrP-cis Ladder Pipe decontamination system (Lds)
source: nrP-cis
design considerations
1- 3