dictionary of sanskrit grammar

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'rfonai 2 4 3 the system of Panini’s grammar written by NageSabhatta in the beginning of the 18th century A. t), at Benares. The work is studied very widely and has got more than 25 commentaries written by pupils in the spiritual line of Nageia. Well- known among these commentaries are those written by Vaidyanatha Payagunde ( called jrt ), by Bhaira- vamisra (called ft# ) , by Ragha- vendracarya Gajendragadakara (called fsfw ri), by Govindacarya Astaputre of Poona in the beginning of the nineteenth century (called ^mi^f^fif), by Bhaskara- sastri Abhyankar of Satara ( called ^ROT), and by M. M .'Vasudeva- sastri Abhyankar of Poona ( called ). Besides these, there are commentaries written by Tatya iastri Patawardhana, Ganapati sastri Mokate, Jayadeva Misra, VisnuSastri Bhat, Vishwanatha Dandibhatta, Harinatha DwiwedI, Gopalacarya Karhadkar, Harisha- stri Bhagawata, Govinda Shastri Bharadwaja, Narayana Shastri Galagali, Vemmadhava Shukla, Brahmananda Saraswatl, -Manisise- sasarma, Manyudeva, Samkara- bhatta, Indirapati, Bhimacarya Galagali, Madhavacarya Walkar, Cidrupasraya, Bhlmabhatta, Lak- smlnrsimha and a few others. Some of these works are named by their authors as Tikas, others as Vyakh- yas and still others as Tippanis or Vivrtis. a word used by Panini in trftjflofU V . 1.19 and explained by Patanjali as HFR. Samkhya (number) is also said to be a parimana. Parimana is of two kinds- {JpjRT or definite as in the case of Khaii, drona e t c ; and as in the case of Gaija, Samghat.Puga, Sartha, Sena etc. The teim qRntoj, in connection with the utterance of letters, is used in the sense of nwi- «KR5 or one mora. 5rftUi the wordqtr meaning past teBseli; lit.
244 behind the eyes, unnoticed by the eyes. The word is generally used in the sense of remote or long ( p a st) or ' perfect For the alternative explanation of the word cf. tp: q&j i ' I 3T
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A DICTIONARY OF SANSKRIT GRAMMAR By
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FOREWORD The first edition of "A Di
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I! s p r w fa n n j r r c . m < $ m
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Object of this Dictionary INTRODUCT
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xi Jayaditya, Vamana, Kaiyata, Hara
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HINTS FO R THE USE O F THIS D IC TI
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Padamanjari=Padamafijan, a commenta
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A Dictionary of Sanskrit Grammar ®
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spfjfsw 3 and arfrsRoij stated with
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improperly which does not serve ■
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cf. sgsfsr: Kat. II. 1.8; st^ s^kr:
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specially mentioned as not interfer
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called ade£a. This full representa
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Panini in gtj^li'a^r: ( P. V II. 2.
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15 P. I. 4.56. Many times the limit
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*\ a grammarian who wrote a comment
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III. i.4, V II. 2.io, V II. 4.9. Th
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occurring before as well as after a
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23 SffllfK: P. 1. 2.29-31, T. Pr. I
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varieties of it such as ftiK , 5jgR
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sjsJJS said afterwards, generally i
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29 nical term ) as a cause of its a
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upon the sense conveyed by them, 1(
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Ricgf ^ ew il# *#aif?r | M. Bh. on
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arqterrafe 35 army Rlfef prescribin
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second member, is absorbed into the
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SWT? 39 (2 ) a significant term for
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termed Pratipadika, and no case- af
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3^RRr< when the vowel, which posses
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according to Tait.- Pr. while, it i
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Slfw? 47 srfqqfs# qgl vtqf?r M. Bh.
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meeting or an accidental circumstan
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zmm'm 51 absence of a syntactical c
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untoned; a word without an - accent
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and becoming while nouns ( aTOft) h
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3JFE?l4%rfPf 57 given as “ f?nsFq
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ehaves like the original” P.I.1.5
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suPi 61 3r!
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fjpfcpi; cf. '^KFcrrft Ath. Pr. II.
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65 a short gloss on the Sutras of P
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srwsr 67 3TORT nearest, most proxim
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( I ) augment ? prefixed, in genera
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a grammatical operation caused by i
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substitute for the last ? before a
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f% i; ( a root) possessed of long f
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^ 77 grammatical work Sisyahitavrtt
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one by Ram atarkavagiia or Rama- £
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not consistent with what is taught
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eferred t o ; pointed out, subject,
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cf. stTO s r ^ Pari. Selch. on Pari
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manyu was an ancient sage who wrote
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la stated that prefixes express a s
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see 3TFer; the word is generally fo
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( i ) substitute for % , ending of
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s?£3T?F?lf^ 95 a class of words he
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short vowel which measures one matr
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the continuous utterance of Vedic s
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ir ^ t lO'l s ia : Kas. on P. IV. 2
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to form the word cf. =?3Sim l^fi P.
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ariW^TFi^ subsequently stated by -
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TOf&iWlfSt a Jain grammarian who wr
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Bh. on I. 2. 32; cf. also sigsnrwiw
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I l l in the nominative case. e.g.
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which is referred to in the Panini
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115 present. Its last chapter ( Cat
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a commentary? on Durgasimha’s Kat
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The verse portion of the Karakaca-
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time which is called rjRl or lit. m
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Literature added to roots ending in
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the sRwfasrH?? named Parsadavya- kh
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ffoflT artificial; technical, as op
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__________ acted as Jf#r Or light,
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the root, e g . w «gfsrr; cf. P. I
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writer of the,Padapatha is to follo
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m ., etc. under certain conditions;
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* glottis ’ or the hole of the th
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and who lived in the twelfth centur
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141 1 wit cf, qfrqi^ Par. Sek. Pari
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term in Panini’s grammar standing
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known grammatical treatises such 14
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vowel of the root, is added in the
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ases ending in sr; cf. P. IV. i. 2
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^ a Vikarana affix of the aorist su
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form from the root ^ in the sense o
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name of a commentary on the Paribha
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157 ^ the second consonant of the p
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wrote a sort of refutation of Bhatt
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the view that mrfir, or genus only,
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See above. The Jaumara Vyakarana ha
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165 which f_ is changed into the co
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a® 167 . -®t and f under certain
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The tad. affix is added as a genera
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the word m ; e.g. qg: cf. P. V. 3.9
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the vowel ?, excepting 5 of the tad
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ending witb qgs; is repeated to con
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177 cf. KaS. on P. IV. 3.105; (8 )
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335!* 179 ■5! of the past pass. p
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1 181 of eRsriwr is not desirable,
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IV . 1.92 etc. The word is also exp
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185 ians just like a Paribhasa; cf.
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a class of compound words headed by
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a class of roots headed by the root
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Somayarya and ( b ) the ' Vaidika-.
Page 208 and 209: is found used in connection with a
Page 210 and 211: tad. affix *r^ in the sense of (man
Page 212 and 213: 197 name of a commentary on Kondabh
Page 214 and 215: or also. A work on Paribhasas named
Page 216 and 217: v fc ? a Jain grammarian of the 13t
Page 218 and 219: as one thing differing from another
Page 220 and 221: cbmpound e.g. qgira*r«tt or ( c) h
Page 222 and 223: sw a? preceptor of Bopadeva. He wro
Page 224 and 225: Dame of a commentary on the Kavikal
Page 226 and 227: f 211 and old grammar works; cf. ft
Page 228 and 229: as and referred to in the same way,
Page 230 and 231: ‘W capable of being cerebralized.
Page 232 and 233: ^ ^ 1 3 a denominative root; the te
Page 234 and 235: WTvT I HffifcfT *l#cT I W ^HlpTT *t
Page 236 and 237: #prm 2 2 l followed by almost all l
Page 238 and 239: possessed of no mute indicatory let
Page 240 and 241: fMl&P ( i ) productive, as opposed
Page 242 and 243: cf. P. V II. 1.54; (2 ) to the affi
Page 244 and 245: ule which has got some exceptions,
Page 246 and 247: the fifth consonant of the five cla
Page 248 and 249: ----- q ^ 5 ( V . Pr. III. 2 ) as c
Page 250 and 251: which is believed to have been base
Page 252 and 253: i n as the sense is technically ter
Page 255 and 256: upon as a part for purposes of acce
Page 257: a very brief commentary on the Pari
Page 261 and 262: 71335 246 7133) ( I ) or SoppRtrre?
Page 263 and 264: as shown by his definition ‘ If t
Page 265 and 266: a fggjf work of the White Yajnrveda
Page 267 and 268: 3 short term for the labial consona
Page 269 and 270: the rule prescribing the term p f i
Page 271 and 272: . pound, which hence is defined as
Page 273 and 274: - explained as by the writer of the
Page 275 and 276: word; e.g. the restoration of the r
Page 277 and 278: stood as an independent accent by t
Page 279 and 280: 1.43. The word srfgfte which is gen
Page 281 and 282: ^m^i 266 to affixes when they are p
Page 283 and 284: V ait 3, also cf. Katantra I. 4.1 a
Page 285 and 286: m -8, also on P. III. 1.94 Vart. 3
Page 287 and 288: STff% ( i ) application^ or present
Page 289 and 290: . : natural, which can be so ordina
Page 291 and 292: sfiTW, sisqjj, efernr, f ^ , 9 RTH,
Page 293 and 294: iDg of the noun ( under discussion
Page 295 and 296: 5rtejT^tWt&8T 280 on Grammar and th
Page 297 and 298: ^ [B U R N E L L , D r.] a European
Page 299 and 300: - multisyllabled, a word which cont
Page 301 and 302: descendant; e.g. qtcfq:, qifli: etc
Page 303 and 304: 3# name of an old grammarian who is
Page 305 and 306: Brahmaija, as is generally believed
Page 307 and 308: - - time around Thirteenth century
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loth, n th and 12th centuries. The
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Panini’s Astadhyayi as it begins
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¥=1T^DI 298 cf. wftoi ^WlFt 1 Vaj.
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irspTiwr lit. fallen in the middle;
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m z 302 TTfiJiicnr IV. 3.92) added
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carelessly. The available commentar
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and Kaundinya should serve, the lat
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A - ; has been lengthened by Vrddhi
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( sfter) out of which the TKItT is
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affix is sometimes dropped; cf. q§
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mean 314 sound intervening between
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316 ( i ) proper, appropriate, just
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jr w r t). The affix is not applied
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V III. 2.70; ( 3 ) the consonant ^
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tflt. augment x inserted after the
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vyakarana, who in turn is commented
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cf. P. VIII. 4.67 ; (3 ) substitute
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W l one of the eight modes of Vedic
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— f t 330 as different from that
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are used along with the verbal form
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the acute accent for the vowel imme
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conditions, the affixes fir, w.*, 3
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n stands at the beginning of a word
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also and irNfonryisft. The work tin
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transposition of letters; cf. qojsj
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344 or ^ gingival, produced at the
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" JI =5 s ^ fc r 1 M. Bh. on P. I.
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, 3183 yana is likely to be the sam
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s^Fcr: qgfatftoi 1% mft?- €K: Rff
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with another in the utterance; cf.
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fe’gpr examination, question or t
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tad. affix f ^ . See the word fl^ .
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etc. cf. ft'TTcTT M. Bh. on P. V II
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f§P&ST9 ^n3
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■ near each other; cf. ^OTfciFcrc
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_ learned commentaries on the wor k
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tfH. and others, and to the roots ^
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• - iRra$n s'TH; cf. M. Bh. on P.
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370 name of that section of Bhatfoj
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- Tf^m , (2 ) ^ f s r , ( 3 )g« r
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any confusion, say confusion of one
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SWTFT 376 - I M. Bh. on P. III. 3.8
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a gloss on the Sutras of Panini wri
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- instrument of the production of s
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capacity which combines %sRsr with
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^ftfq=ST Vakyapadlya, I. I ; cf. al
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' tioned features. Patafijaji has b
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class of letters beginning with ^ i
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a treatise on the theory of sri'^w
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(gre?
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given in the Prakriya Kaumudi and w
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sfNianTH 396 «rrf%oi M. Bh. on P.
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hasya on I. 1.57. The name Sva- bhu
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is frequently used b y grammarians;
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has already been added as also to t
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i____ s w t Some quotations only ar
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which are so placed, coalesce toget
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elative term ; the . term refers to
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tio n ; cf. w-w 1 ' ^WI'fiftsKRRffa
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accent which prevails by the remova
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tive case by ancient grammarians an
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gs^BgTRifSi R. Pr. I. ir . cf. also
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^ and which means the anticipation
Page 435 and 436:
indiscriminately ; an application i
Page 437 and 438:
Sfr t t f w qlfiStf. R. Pr. X III.
Page 439 and 440:
. 33: m fllt l M.Bh. on P. VI. 1.70
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426 the celebrated Vedic scholar an
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many times of use in cases .of doub
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430 a term used in connection with
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mentioned above are termed roots by
Page 449 and 450:
2.18. Vart. 4, M,' Bh. On II. schoo
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to be established, to be brought ab
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an authoritive dictum of an ancient
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. be turned into ^ e. g. in Jpspft,
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^ si- 442 are to be understood and
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’ commented on many’ grammar- w
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name of a commentary written by a g
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H?ra5?I55lli0ffiffxr a short gloss
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