dictionary of sanskrit grammar

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299 P. V III. 2.9), applied to any noun or substantive in the sense of * who possesses that or ‘ which contains it or in the sense of possession as popularly expressed. The affix is called .possessive affix also, and is very commonly found in u se; e.g. etc. cf. Hgq. P. V. 2.94. The very general sense of ‘ possession’ is limited to certain kinds of possession by the Varttikakara in the following stanza : qftfMrra* I tfsfcftr&rorat m- II cf. Kas. on P. V. 2.94. There are other tad. affixes prescribed in the same senses as irgq^, such as the affixes 55=^ ( V. 2.96-98), ( 99; 100, 105, 117), m and q- (100 ), q ( 101), raw (102,121, 122 )., ffr (102, 115, 116, 128, 129-137), aim (103, 104), ^ (106 ), * (10 7), n ( 10S), sr ( 109, n o ), and ( 1 x 1 ) , (112 , 113 ), (115 , n 6 ), ( 118 ,119 ), qq. (120 ), gg. (123.138 140), faifir (12 4 ), and (125 ), ^ (127), and % v, 3, fa, I,
irspTiwr lit. fallen in the middle; the word is used generally in the sense of an augment which is inserted in the middle of a word. Sometimes an affix too, like 8 ^ or a conjuga- tional sign like ^ is placed in the middle of a word. Such a middling augment is technically ignored and a word together with.it is taken as the original word for grammatical operations; e.g. 3^%:, etc. cf. a p ! Par. Sek. Pari. 89. ( 1 ) the middle person, affix of the second person ( itraiHSW), cf, P. I. 4.105 ; cf. also Nir. VII. 7 ; ( 2 ) middling tone or effort, cf. g wreqqiir: T. Pr. X V III. 4, where the commentator explains the word as | the word ^qrti is used in this sense as qualifying a mode of utterence. li%; cf. serf 1^1 st% # 5 1 R. Pr. X III. 19; cf. also R. T. 32; (3 ) one of the seven modes of speech or tones, cf. ga TO: ^TRIR arafa T. Pr. X X III. 4 and 5 and also jpT X V III. 11 where the commentator explains qajH as qq w s Sf%rr girav-q^ *ITJT *fg m W Jt& N Jit, the dropping of the middle word or member ( of a compound generally ) as for instance in Sliwipfli for =n%iE[4mm; the word is also used in the sense, of a compound. The compounds 300 which have the middle word dropped are enumerated by the Varttikakara under the Varttika Bh. Vr. II.- 1.60 Vart.; cf. also Kat. II. 6.30. TISTOT name of the speech which is inaudible and which is of the type of a thought without any definite presence of Words making up the expression, cp. Vak. pad. I. 143 cp. jpsrtn ?q?er: gfik- qt^ciKRT HT g ^ sfW lc ^ fJ c n =FTOCR- I ( # . ) JT^W'Sj'^rgJT See TT^q^rr? a rule forming an exception to other general rules being placed between them, one or many of which are placed before and the others afterwards. Such a rule sets aside the previous rules arid not the succeeding ones. The statement laying down this dictum is 'jqiq; Par. Sek. Pari. 60, also M. Bh. on P. VI. 4. 148 Vart. 5. the maxim of the middel rule of exception ; see the acute or udatta accent to the vowel which is neither the initial ( srif^) nor the final one (4 ) one of the ( seven sper) as laid down by the rule musical notes originating or pro sfora flfcr P. VI. 1.217; cf. ceeding from the Svarita accent cf. qft^fcr era ^ 3 ^ 4 M. "m Pan. Bh. on III. 1.3. Siksa. a class of words headed by the ( x ) name of a treatise on word Hg to which the taddhita affix grammar by Ramasarman ; ( 2 ) the (^P.) is added as a Caturarsame as ^qsRrg^r. thika affix ; e.g. ftgiTR;, e tc .; cf. K a i on P. IV . 2.86. ^ ( 1 ) the affix generally found in Vedic Literature added to roots ending in sn and preceded by a noun; e.g. ew rra r; cf. srrat P. III. 2.74, 75; (a;sf
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A DICTIONARY OF SANSKRIT GRAMMAR By
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FOREWORD The first edition of "A Di
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I! s p r w fa n n j r r c . m < $ m
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Object of this Dictionary INTRODUCT
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xi Jayaditya, Vamana, Kaiyata, Hara
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HINTS FO R THE USE O F THIS D IC TI
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Padamanjari=Padamafijan, a commenta
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A Dictionary of Sanskrit Grammar ®
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spfjfsw 3 and arfrsRoij stated with
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improperly which does not serve ■
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cf. sgsfsr: Kat. II. 1.8; st^ s^kr:
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specially mentioned as not interfer
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called ade£a. This full representa
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Panini in gtj^li'a^r: ( P. V II. 2.
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15 P. I. 4.56. Many times the limit
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*\ a grammarian who wrote a comment
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III. i.4, V II. 2.io, V II. 4.9. Th
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occurring before as well as after a
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23 SffllfK: P. 1. 2.29-31, T. Pr. I
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varieties of it such as ftiK , 5jgR
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sjsJJS said afterwards, generally i
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29 nical term ) as a cause of its a
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upon the sense conveyed by them, 1(
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Ricgf ^ ew il# *#aif?r | M. Bh. on
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arqterrafe 35 army Rlfef prescribin
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second member, is absorbed into the
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SWT? 39 (2 ) a significant term for
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termed Pratipadika, and no case- af
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3^RRr< when the vowel, which posses
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according to Tait.- Pr. while, it i
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Slfw? 47 srfqqfs# qgl vtqf?r M. Bh.
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meeting or an accidental circumstan
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zmm'm 51 absence of a syntactical c
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untoned; a word without an - accent
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and becoming while nouns ( aTOft) h
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3JFE?l4%rfPf 57 given as “ f?nsFq
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ehaves like the original” P.I.1.5
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suPi 61 3r!
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fjpfcpi; cf. '^KFcrrft Ath. Pr. II.
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65 a short gloss on the Sutras of P
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srwsr 67 3TORT nearest, most proxim
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( I ) augment ? prefixed, in genera
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a grammatical operation caused by i
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substitute for the last ? before a
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f% i; ( a root) possessed of long f
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^ 77 grammatical work Sisyahitavrtt
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one by Ram atarkavagiia or Rama- £
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not consistent with what is taught
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eferred t o ; pointed out, subject,
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cf. stTO s r ^ Pari. Selch. on Pari
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manyu was an ancient sage who wrote
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la stated that prefixes express a s
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see 3TFer; the word is generally fo
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( i ) substitute for % , ending of
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s?£3T?F?lf^ 95 a class of words he
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short vowel which measures one matr
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the continuous utterance of Vedic s
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ir ^ t lO'l s ia : Kas. on P. IV. 2
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to form the word cf. =?3Sim l^fi P.
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ariW^TFi^ subsequently stated by -
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TOf&iWlfSt a Jain grammarian who wr
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Bh. on I. 2. 32; cf. also sigsnrwiw
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I l l in the nominative case. e.g.
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which is referred to in the Panini
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115 present. Its last chapter ( Cat
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a commentary? on Durgasimha’s Kat
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The verse portion of the Karakaca-
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time which is called rjRl or lit. m
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Literature added to roots ending in
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the sRwfasrH?? named Parsadavya- kh
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ffoflT artificial; technical, as op
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__________ acted as Jf#r Or light,
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the root, e g . w «gfsrr; cf. P. I
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writer of the,Padapatha is to follo
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m ., etc. under certain conditions;
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* glottis ’ or the hole of the th
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and who lived in the twelfth centur
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141 1 wit cf, qfrqi^ Par. Sek. Pari
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term in Panini’s grammar standing
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known grammatical treatises such 14
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vowel of the root, is added in the
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ases ending in sr; cf. P. IV. i. 2
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^ a Vikarana affix of the aorist su
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form from the root ^ in the sense o
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name of a commentary on the Paribha
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157 ^ the second consonant of the p
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wrote a sort of refutation of Bhatt
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the view that mrfir, or genus only,
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See above. The Jaumara Vyakarana ha
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165 which f_ is changed into the co
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a® 167 . -®t and f under certain
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The tad. affix is added as a genera
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the word m ; e.g. qg: cf. P. V. 3.9
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the vowel ?, excepting 5 of the tad
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ending witb qgs; is repeated to con
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177 cf. KaS. on P. IV. 3.105; (8 )
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335!* 179 ■5! of the past pass. p
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1 181 of eRsriwr is not desirable,
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IV . 1.92 etc. The word is also exp
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185 ians just like a Paribhasa; cf.
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a class of compound words headed by
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a class of roots headed by the root
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Somayarya and ( b ) the ' Vaidika-.
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is found used in connection with a
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tad. affix *r^ in the sense of (man
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197 name of a commentary on Kondabh
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or also. A work on Paribhasas named
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v fc ? a Jain grammarian of the 13t
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as one thing differing from another
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cbmpound e.g. qgira*r«tt or ( c) h
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sw a? preceptor of Bopadeva. He wro
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Dame of a commentary on the Kavikal
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f 211 and old grammar works; cf. ft
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as and referred to in the same way,
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‘W capable of being cerebralized.
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^ ^ 1 3 a denominative root; the te
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WTvT I HffifcfT *l#cT I W ^HlpTT *t
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#prm 2 2 l followed by almost all l
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possessed of no mute indicatory let
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fMl&P ( i ) productive, as opposed
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cf. P. V II. 1.54; (2 ) to the affi
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ule which has got some exceptions,
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the fifth consonant of the five cla
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----- q ^ 5 ( V . Pr. III. 2 ) as c
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which is believed to have been base
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i n as the sense is technically ter
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upon as a part for purposes of acce
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a very brief commentary on the Pari
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244 behind the eyes, unnoticed by t
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71335 246 7133) ( I ) or SoppRtrre?
Page 263 and 264: as shown by his definition ‘ If t
Page 265 and 266: a fggjf work of the White Yajnrveda
Page 267 and 268: 3 short term for the labial consona
Page 269 and 270: the rule prescribing the term p f i
Page 271 and 272: . pound, which hence is defined as
Page 273 and 274: - explained as by the writer of the
Page 275 and 276: word; e.g. the restoration of the r
Page 277 and 278: stood as an independent accent by t
Page 279 and 280: 1.43. The word srfgfte which is gen
Page 281 and 282: ^m^i 266 to affixes when they are p
Page 283 and 284: V ait 3, also cf. Katantra I. 4.1 a
Page 285 and 286: m -8, also on P. III. 1.94 Vart. 3
Page 287 and 288: STff% ( i ) application^ or present
Page 289 and 290: . : natural, which can be so ordina
Page 291 and 292: sfiTW, sisqjj, efernr, f ^ , 9 RTH,
Page 293 and 294: iDg of the noun ( under discussion
Page 295 and 296: 5rtejT^tWt&8T 280 on Grammar and th
Page 297 and 298: ^ [B U R N E L L , D r.] a European
Page 299 and 300: - multisyllabled, a word which cont
Page 301 and 302: descendant; e.g. qtcfq:, qifli: etc
Page 303 and 304: 3# name of an old grammarian who is
Page 305 and 306: Brahmaija, as is generally believed
Page 307 and 308: - - time around Thirteenth century
Page 309 and 310: loth, n th and 12th centuries. The
Page 311 and 312: Panini’s Astadhyayi as it begins
Page 313: ¥=1T^DI 298 cf. wftoi ^WlFt 1 Vaj.
Page 317 and 318: m z 302 TTfiJiicnr IV. 3.92) added
Page 319 and 320: carelessly. The available commentar
Page 321 and 322: and Kaundinya should serve, the lat
Page 323 and 324: A - ; has been lengthened by Vrddhi
Page 325 and 326: ( sfter) out of which the TKItT is
Page 327 and 328: affix is sometimes dropped; cf. q§
Page 329 and 330: mean 314 sound intervening between
Page 331 and 332: 316 ( i ) proper, appropriate, just
Page 333 and 334: jr w r t). The affix is not applied
Page 335 and 336: V III. 2.70; ( 3 ) the consonant ^
Page 337 and 338: tflt. augment x inserted after the
Page 339 and 340: vyakarana, who in turn is commented
Page 341 and 342: cf. P. VIII. 4.67 ; (3 ) substitute
Page 343 and 344: W l one of the eight modes of Vedic
Page 345 and 346: — f t 330 as different from that
Page 347 and 348: are used along with the verbal form
Page 349 and 350: the acute accent for the vowel imme
Page 351 and 352: conditions, the affixes fir, w.*, 3
Page 353 and 354: n stands at the beginning of a word
Page 355 and 356: also and irNfonryisft. The work tin
Page 357 and 358: transposition of letters; cf. qojsj
Page 359 and 360: 344 or ^ gingival, produced at the
Page 361 and 362: " JI =5 s ^ fc r 1 M. Bh. on P. I.
Page 363 and 364: , 3183 yana is likely to be the sam
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s^Fcr: qgfatftoi 1% mft?- €K: Rff
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with another in the utterance; cf.
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fe’gpr examination, question or t
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tad. affix f ^ . See the word fl^ .
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etc. cf. ft'TTcTT M. Bh. on P. V II
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f§P&ST9 ^n3
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■ near each other; cf. ^OTfciFcrc
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_ learned commentaries on the wor k
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tfH. and others, and to the roots ^
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• - iRra$n s'TH; cf. M. Bh. on P.
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370 name of that section of Bhatfoj
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- Tf^m , (2 ) ^ f s r , ( 3 )g« r
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any confusion, say confusion of one
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SWTFT 376 - I M. Bh. on P. III. 3.8
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a gloss on the Sutras of Panini wri
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- instrument of the production of s
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capacity which combines %sRsr with
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^ftfq=ST Vakyapadlya, I. I ; cf. al
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' tioned features. Patafijaji has b
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class of letters beginning with ^ i
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a treatise on the theory of sri'^w
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(gre?
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given in the Prakriya Kaumudi and w
Page 411 and 412:
sfNianTH 396 «rrf%oi M. Bh. on P.
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hasya on I. 1.57. The name Sva- bhu
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is frequently used b y grammarians;
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has already been added as also to t
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i____ s w t Some quotations only ar
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which are so placed, coalesce toget
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elative term ; the . term refers to
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tio n ; cf. w-w 1 ' ^WI'fiftsKRRffa
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accent which prevails by the remova
Page 429 and 430:
tive case by ancient grammarians an
Page 431 and 432:
gs^BgTRifSi R. Pr. I. ir . cf. also
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^ and which means the anticipation
Page 435 and 436:
indiscriminately ; an application i
Page 437 and 438:
Sfr t t f w qlfiStf. R. Pr. X III.
Page 439 and 440:
. 33: m fllt l M.Bh. on P. VI. 1.70
Page 441 and 442:
426 the celebrated Vedic scholar an
Page 443 and 444:
many times of use in cases .of doub
Page 445 and 446:
430 a term used in connection with
Page 447 and 448:
mentioned above are termed roots by
Page 449 and 450:
2.18. Vart. 4, M,' Bh. On II. schoo
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to be established, to be brought ab
Page 453 and 454:
an authoritive dictum of an ancient
Page 455 and 456:
. be turned into ^ e. g. in Jpspft,
Page 457 and 458:
^ si- 442 are to be understood and
Page 459 and 460:
’ commented on many’ grammar- w
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name of a commentary written by a g
Page 463:
H?ra5?I55lli0ffiffxr a short gloss
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