dictionary of sanskrit grammar

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&SSIIPTT 407 such a relation; cf. gôii qnf+m% g BSI5R ^ P.' I. 4.32. cf. also Vak. pad. III. 7.12. ^nTMHuU simultaneous occurrence. 3i§t- ^ quife:aj-i ?trfer g s w i t , M. Bh. on I. 4.2. Vart. 9 ; cf. also i%st- vnfer BWR3!! M. Bh. on P. VI. 1.9. Vart. 7. used together with ; cf. sf^R- itfir g gsiapra: R. Pr. 1.22. communion, union, e.g. =K entering into union with ®r because the former has no original ( w i t ) and the latter has no substitute ( 3ir% ). This can be possible by the maxim ; cf. M. Bh. on Vart. 16, on P. 1.1.50. HTOKH lit. extension ; the process of changing a semi-vowel into a simple vowel of the same sthana or place of utterance; the- substitution pf the vowels w. and ® for the semi-vowels %. and ^ respectively ; cf. fnioi: P. 1.1.45- The term gjraRiJ is rendered as a ‘ resultant vow el' or as ‘ an emergent vowel The ancient term was JreRoi and possibly it referred to the extension of \ and into their constituent parts f -far, & + sf etc. - the vowel sr being of a weak grade but becoming strong after the merging of the subsequent vowel into it; e.g. cf. irgRf&i*# s: P. III. 2.8. Vart. 1. For the words taking this samprasarana change, see P. VI. 1.13 to 19. According to some grammarians the term g'JTBRni is applied to the substituted vowels while according to others, the term refers to the operation of the substitution ; cf. M. Bh. on P. I- 1.15- The substitution of the samprasarana vowel is to be given pre ference in the formation of a w ord; cf. gsreiw erem ^ Pari. Sek. Pari. 119, the relative superior strength of the samprasarana change in comparison with other operations occurring simultaneously. The phrase ^ 37 gsftiTW#- is often used in the Mahabhasya which is based upon the dictum of the superior strength of the samprasarana substitution, which is announced by the writer of the Varttikas; P. VI. 1.17 Vart. 2. See gjrHR"!. with senses ( of the two words ) merely connected with each other and not completely mixed into each other ;*cf. gJT?r$ a w m k 1.. m: " 1 I ^ 5 mgsfc qt , srasr m # 3 sqfimal 1 M.Bh. on P. II. 1.1. Vart. 4. This is connected with the definition s^ t out of the two definitions and sqtfegr cited with respect to the - word ( 1 ) lit. connection in general; cf. JRW: P. H I. 4. I. The word is explained by the general ■ term : cf. T^tw- Kas. on P. III. 4.1; (2) context, cf. JRfsjj 4 sifcr JRJtWTST 5T stfir M. Bh. on P. I. 2.43. Vart. 5. name given by convention by grammarians to the fourth pada of the third adhyaya of Panini’s Astadhyayi which begins with the sutra • SR?1W P. III. 4.1. name given to the third section of the third Kanda of Vakyapadlya. It discusses the relation between a word and its denotation.
elative term ; the . term refers to words connected in such a way by their meaning that if one of them is uttered, the other has to be anticipated and undersrood; e.g. fil, Sil3; TTi'a, ‘flPlf etc. cf. I i waft: i ftaft g-sgft- ^3^1 *1I3R fafft sder l cf. also M. Bh. on 1. 1.7*. . cf. also =Et M. Bh. on F. I. 2.43 Vart. 5 ; I. 2.48 Vart. 4. See also M. Bh. on I I I .1 .1 9 . Vart. 3. *31 % ( 1 ) a term used in Panini’s grammar for the case-affix of the vocative singular ; cf. tpS3 =W €§
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A DICTIONARY OF SANSKRIT GRAMMAR By
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FOREWORD The first edition of "A Di
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I! s p r w fa n n j r r c . m < $ m
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Object of this Dictionary INTRODUCT
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xi Jayaditya, Vamana, Kaiyata, Hara
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HINTS FO R THE USE O F THIS D IC TI
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Padamanjari=Padamafijan, a commenta
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A Dictionary of Sanskrit Grammar ®
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spfjfsw 3 and arfrsRoij stated with
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improperly which does not serve ■
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cf. sgsfsr: Kat. II. 1.8; st^ s^kr:
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specially mentioned as not interfer
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called ade£a. This full representa
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Panini in gtj^li'a^r: ( P. V II. 2.
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15 P. I. 4.56. Many times the limit
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*\ a grammarian who wrote a comment
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III. i.4, V II. 2.io, V II. 4.9. Th
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occurring before as well as after a
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23 SffllfK: P. 1. 2.29-31, T. Pr. I
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varieties of it such as ftiK , 5jgR
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sjsJJS said afterwards, generally i
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29 nical term ) as a cause of its a
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upon the sense conveyed by them, 1(
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Ricgf ^ ew il# *#aif?r | M. Bh. on
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arqterrafe 35 army Rlfef prescribin
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second member, is absorbed into the
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SWT? 39 (2 ) a significant term for
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termed Pratipadika, and no case- af
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3^RRr< when the vowel, which posses
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according to Tait.- Pr. while, it i
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Slfw? 47 srfqqfs# qgl vtqf?r M. Bh.
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meeting or an accidental circumstan
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zmm'm 51 absence of a syntactical c
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untoned; a word without an - accent
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and becoming while nouns ( aTOft) h
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3JFE?l4%rfPf 57 given as “ f?nsFq
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ehaves like the original” P.I.1.5
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suPi 61 3r!
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fjpfcpi; cf. '^KFcrrft Ath. Pr. II.
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65 a short gloss on the Sutras of P
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srwsr 67 3TORT nearest, most proxim
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( I ) augment ? prefixed, in genera
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a grammatical operation caused by i
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substitute for the last ? before a
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f% i; ( a root) possessed of long f
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^ 77 grammatical work Sisyahitavrtt
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one by Ram atarkavagiia or Rama- £
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not consistent with what is taught
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eferred t o ; pointed out, subject,
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cf. stTO s r ^ Pari. Selch. on Pari
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manyu was an ancient sage who wrote
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la stated that prefixes express a s
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see 3TFer; the word is generally fo
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( i ) substitute for % , ending of
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s?£3T?F?lf^ 95 a class of words he
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short vowel which measures one matr
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the continuous utterance of Vedic s
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ir ^ t lO'l s ia : Kas. on P. IV. 2
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to form the word cf. =?3Sim l^fi P.
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ariW^TFi^ subsequently stated by -
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TOf&iWlfSt a Jain grammarian who wr
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Bh. on I. 2. 32; cf. also sigsnrwiw
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I l l in the nominative case. e.g.
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which is referred to in the Panini
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115 present. Its last chapter ( Cat
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a commentary? on Durgasimha’s Kat
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The verse portion of the Karakaca-
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time which is called rjRl or lit. m
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Literature added to roots ending in
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the sRwfasrH?? named Parsadavya- kh
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ffoflT artificial; technical, as op
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__________ acted as Jf#r Or light,
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the root, e g . w «gfsrr; cf. P. I
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writer of the,Padapatha is to follo
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m ., etc. under certain conditions;
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* glottis ’ or the hole of the th
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and who lived in the twelfth centur
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141 1 wit cf, qfrqi^ Par. Sek. Pari
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term in Panini’s grammar standing
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known grammatical treatises such 14
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vowel of the root, is added in the
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ases ending in sr; cf. P. IV. i. 2
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^ a Vikarana affix of the aorist su
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form from the root ^ in the sense o
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name of a commentary on the Paribha
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157 ^ the second consonant of the p
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wrote a sort of refutation of Bhatt
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the view that mrfir, or genus only,
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See above. The Jaumara Vyakarana ha
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165 which f_ is changed into the co
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a® 167 . -®t and f under certain
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The tad. affix is added as a genera
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the word m ; e.g. qg: cf. P. V. 3.9
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the vowel ?, excepting 5 of the tad
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ending witb qgs; is repeated to con
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177 cf. KaS. on P. IV. 3.105; (8 )
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335!* 179 ■5! of the past pass. p
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1 181 of eRsriwr is not desirable,
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IV . 1.92 etc. The word is also exp
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185 ians just like a Paribhasa; cf.
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a class of compound words headed by
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a class of roots headed by the root
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Somayarya and ( b ) the ' Vaidika-.
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is found used in connection with a
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tad. affix *r^ in the sense of (man
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197 name of a commentary on Kondabh
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or also. A work on Paribhasas named
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v fc ? a Jain grammarian of the 13t
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as one thing differing from another
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cbmpound e.g. qgira*r«tt or ( c) h
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sw a? preceptor of Bopadeva. He wro
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Dame of a commentary on the Kavikal
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f 211 and old grammar works; cf. ft
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as and referred to in the same way,
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‘W capable of being cerebralized.
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^ ^ 1 3 a denominative root; the te
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WTvT I HffifcfT *l#cT I W ^HlpTT *t
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#prm 2 2 l followed by almost all l
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possessed of no mute indicatory let
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fMl&P ( i ) productive, as opposed
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cf. P. V II. 1.54; (2 ) to the affi
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ule which has got some exceptions,
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the fifth consonant of the five cla
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----- q ^ 5 ( V . Pr. III. 2 ) as c
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which is believed to have been base
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i n as the sense is technically ter
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upon as a part for purposes of acce
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a very brief commentary on the Pari
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244 behind the eyes, unnoticed by t
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71335 246 7133) ( I ) or SoppRtrre?
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as shown by his definition ‘ If t
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a fggjf work of the White Yajnrveda
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3 short term for the labial consona
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the rule prescribing the term p f i
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. pound, which hence is defined as
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- explained as by the writer of the
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word; e.g. the restoration of the r
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stood as an independent accent by t
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1.43. The word srfgfte which is gen
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^mî 266 to affixes when they are p
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V ait 3, also cf. Katantra I. 4.1 a
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m -8, also on P. III. 1.94 Vart. 3
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STff% ( i ) application^ or present
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. : natural, which can be so ordina
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sfiTW, sisqjj, efernr, f ^ , 9 RTH,
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iDg of the noun ( under discussion
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5rtejT^tWt&8T 280 on Grammar and th
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^ [B U R N E L L , D r.] a European
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- multisyllabled, a word which cont
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descendant; e.g. qtcfq:, qifli: etc
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3# name of an old grammarian who is
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Brahmaija, as is generally believed
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- - time around Thirteenth century
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loth, n th and 12th centuries. The
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Panini’s Astadhyayi as it begins
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¥=1T^DI 298 cf. wftoi ^WlFt 1 Vaj.
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irspTiwr lit. fallen in the middle;
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m z 302 TTfiJiicnr IV. 3.92) added
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carelessly. The available commentar
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and Kaundinya should serve, the lat
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A - ; has been lengthened by Vrddhi
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( sfter) out of which the TKItT is
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affix is sometimes dropped; cf. q§
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mean 314 sound intervening between
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316 ( i ) proper, appropriate, just
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jr w r t). The affix is not applied
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V III. 2.70; ( 3 ) the consonant ^
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tflt. augment x inserted after the
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vyakarana, who in turn is commented
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cf. P. VIII. 4.67 ; (3 ) substitute
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W l one of the eight modes of Vedic
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— f t 330 as different from that
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are used along with the verbal form
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the acute accent for the vowel imme
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conditions, the affixes fir, w.*, 3
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n stands at the beginning of a word
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also and irNfonryisft. The work tin
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transposition of letters; cf. qojsj
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344 or ^ gingival, produced at the
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" JI =5 s ^ fc r 1 M. Bh. on P. I.
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, 3183 yana is likely to be the sam
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s^Fcr: qgfatftoi 1% mft?- €K: Rff
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with another in the utterance; cf.
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fe’gpr examination, question or t
Page 371 and 372: tad. affix f ^ . See the word fl^ .
Page 373 and 374: etc. cf. ft'TTcTT M. Bh. on P. V II
Page 375 and 376: f§P&ST9 ^n3
Page 377 and 378: ■ near each other; cf. ÔTfciFcrc
Page 379 and 380: _ learned commentaries on the wor k
Page 381 and 382: tfH. and others, and to the roots ^
Page 383 and 384: • - iRra$n s'TH; cf. M. Bh. on P.
Page 385 and 386: 370 name of that section of Bhatfoj
Page 387 and 388: - Tf^m , (2 ) ^ f s r , ( 3 )g« r
Page 389 and 390: any confusion, say confusion of one
Page 391 and 392: SWTFT 376 - I M. Bh. on P. III. 3.8
Page 393 and 394: a gloss on the Sutras of Panini wri
Page 395 and 396: - instrument of the production of s
Page 397 and 398: capacity which combines %sRsr with
Page 399 and 400: ^ftfq=ST Vakyapadlya, I. I ; cf. al
Page 401 and 402: ' tioned features. Patafijaji has b
Page 403 and 404: class of letters beginning with ^ i
Page 405 and 406: a treatise on the theory of sri'^w
Page 407 and 408: (gre?
Page 409 and 410: given in the Prakriya Kaumudi and w
Page 411 and 412: sfNianTH 396 «rrf%oi M. Bh. on P.
Page 413 and 414: hasya on I. 1.57. The name Sva- bhu
Page 415 and 416: is frequently used b y grammarians;
Page 417 and 418: has already been added as also to t
Page 419 and 420: i____ s w t Some quotations only ar
Page 421: which are so placed, coalesce toget
Page 425 and 426: tio n ; cf. w-w 1 ' ^WI'fiftsKRRffa
Page 427 and 428: accent which prevails by the remova
Page 429 and 430: tive case by ancient grammarians an
Page 431 and 432: gs^BgTRifSi R. Pr. I. ir . cf. also
Page 433 and 434: ^ and which means the anticipation
Page 435 and 436: indiscriminately ; an application i
Page 437 and 438: Sfr t t f w qlfiStf. R. Pr. X III.
Page 439 and 440: . 33: m fllt l M.Bh. on P. VI. 1.70
Page 441 and 442: 426 the celebrated Vedic scholar an
Page 443 and 444: many times of use in cases .of doub
Page 445 and 446: 430 a term used in connection with
Page 447 and 448: mentioned above are termed roots by
Page 449 and 450: 2.18. Vart. 4, M,' Bh. On II. schoo
Page 451 and 452: to be established, to be brought ab
Page 453 and 454: an authoritive dictum of an ancient
Page 455 and 456: . be turned into ^ e. g. in Jpspft,
Page 457 and 458: ^ si- 442 are to be understood and
Page 459 and 460: ’ commented on many’ grammar- w
Page 461 and 462: name of a commentary written by a g
Page 463: H?ra5?I55lli0ffiffxr a short gloss
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