dictionary of sanskrit grammar

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one of the several kinds of the genitive case when it means a place or substratum, see the word '€4#SW the original- word or part of a word such as a syllable or two of it or a letter of it, for which a substitute ( 3n ^ r) is prescribed ; cf. ÎW?- P . 1. 1.5&- ^TR^T similar to the original behaviour ; cf. P. I. 1.56. See acting like the original. See 435 behaviour of the substitute like the original in respect of holding the qualities of the original and causing grammatical operations by virtue of those qualities. B y means of the substitute for a root is, for instance, looked upon as a ro o t; similarly, a noun-base or an affix or so, is looked upon like the original and- it can cause such operations or be a recipient of such operations as are due to its being a root or a noun or an affix or the like. This wrftsrgPT cannot be,1 and is not made also, a universally applicable feature; and there are limitations or restrictions put upon it, the chief of them being sjfe'fr or in the matter of such operations as are caused by ‘ the property of being a single letter ’ ( ). There are two views regarding this * behaviour like the original ’ : ( 1 ) supposed behaviour which is only instrumental in causing operations or undergoing them which is called and (2 ) actual restoration to the form of the original under certain conditions only as prescribed which is called The ^ 7 # ^ is actually resorted to by some grammarians in the case of the reduplication of roots; cf. K ai. o n t f ^ P. 1. 1.59 and M. Bh. on P. I. 1.59. See the word ^nt^sr also. For details see Vol. V II. pp. 241-243, Vyakarana Mahabhasya D. E. Society’s Edition. one of the two alternative views regarding reduplication according to which two wordings or units of the same form replace the original single wording, cf. ?*nR5?£RfcJT|ifer Siradeva Pari. 68. The other kind of reduplication is called fg:sn5tn- fiphRW which looks upon reduplication as the mere placing of an exactly similar unit or wording after the original first unit. This alternative view is accepted in the Kasika ; cf. Kas. on P. VI. r.i. w A w d a variety of the genitive case when it is connected in sense with the Pratipadika by the relationship of or place, as contrasted with the relationships of the kind of Ptqq- arewsrqfqsire and others. As grammar is a science of words, in those places where one word is mentioned for another by the use of the genitive case it should be understood that the word mentioned is to be substituted for the other; cf. the rule of Panini for that purpose toT ?4T^lnr explained by Bhattoji Diksita. as ^ cf. S. K . on P. 1. 1.49. In some grammars the sthanin and ade£a are expressed in the same case, viz. the nominative case. the relation between the original and the substitute which is described as of two kinds:— supposed and actual; cf. sngmftwrFstr- Pari. Sek. Pari,
to be established, to be brought about. fera ( i ) happened, come to pass; e.g. KW S'H Rarer etc.; (2 ) established ; remaining intact after the removal cf doubts; cf. ft' ( 3 ) remaining unaffected as referring to aresEwoi; cf. awpni =3 arâg 5Pi 1 m era; ferafe- Uvvata on R. Pr. X III.; ( 4 ) established or stated in the Padapatha ; cf. qft T^qiir ^ ’4: gloss on T. Pr. X X . 2. utterance of a pada or padas in the Padapatha without ?fer; the utterance with ?fff being called 3q- #41%; cf. qt w gr ferfa: R. Pr. X I. 15 ; ( 2) established practice or view ; cf. ^sfqêtKI ferft: R. Pr. II. 44. f^'
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A DICTIONARY OF SANSKRIT GRAMMAR By
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FOREWORD The first edition of "A Di
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I! s p r w fa n n j r r c . m < $ m
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Object of this Dictionary INTRODUCT
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xi Jayaditya, Vamana, Kaiyata, Hara
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HINTS FO R THE USE O F THIS D IC TI
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Padamanjari=Padamafijan, a commenta
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A Dictionary of Sanskrit Grammar ®
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spfjfsw 3 and arfrsRoij stated with
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improperly which does not serve ■
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cf. sgsfsr: Kat. II. 1.8; st^ s^kr:
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specially mentioned as not interfer
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called ade£a. This full representa
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Panini in gtj^li'a^r: ( P. V II. 2.
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15 P. I. 4.56. Many times the limit
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*\ a grammarian who wrote a comment
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III. i.4, V II. 2.io, V II. 4.9. Th
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occurring before as well as after a
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23 SffllfK: P. 1. 2.29-31, T. Pr. I
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varieties of it such as ftiK , 5jgR
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sjsJJS said afterwards, generally i
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29 nical term ) as a cause of its a
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upon the sense conveyed by them, 1(
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Ricgf ^ ew il# *#aif?r | M. Bh. on
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arqterrafe 35 army Rlfef prescribin
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second member, is absorbed into the
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SWT? 39 (2 ) a significant term for
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termed Pratipadika, and no case- af
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3^RRr< when the vowel, which posses
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according to Tait.- Pr. while, it i
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Slfw? 47 srfqqfs# qgl vtqf?r M. Bh.
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meeting or an accidental circumstan
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zmm'm 51 absence of a syntactical c
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untoned; a word without an - accent
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and becoming while nouns ( aTOft) h
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3JFE?l4%rfPf 57 given as “ f?nsFq
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ehaves like the original” P.I.1.5
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suPi 61 3r!
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fjpfcpi; cf. '^KFcrrft Ath. Pr. II.
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65 a short gloss on the Sutras of P
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srwsr 67 3TORT nearest, most proxim
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( I ) augment ? prefixed, in genera
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a grammatical operation caused by i
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substitute for the last ? before a
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f% i; ( a root) possessed of long f
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^ 77 grammatical work Sisyahitavrtt
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one by Ram atarkavagiia or Rama- £
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not consistent with what is taught
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eferred t o ; pointed out, subject,
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cf. stTO s r ^ Pari. Selch. on Pari
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manyu was an ancient sage who wrote
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la stated that prefixes express a s
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see 3TFer; the word is generally fo
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( i ) substitute for % , ending of
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s?£3T?F?lf^ 95 a class of words he
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short vowel which measures one matr
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the continuous utterance of Vedic s
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ir ^ t lO'l s ia : Kas. on P. IV. 2
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to form the word cf. =?3Sim l^fi P.
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ariW^TFi^ subsequently stated by -
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TOf&iWlfSt a Jain grammarian who wr
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Bh. on I. 2. 32; cf. also sigsnrwiw
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I l l in the nominative case. e.g.
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which is referred to in the Panini
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115 present. Its last chapter ( Cat
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a commentary? on Durgasimha’s Kat
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The verse portion of the Karakaca-
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time which is called rjRl or lit. m
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Literature added to roots ending in
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the sRwfasrH?? named Parsadavya- kh
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ffoflT artificial; technical, as op
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__________ acted as Jf#r Or light,
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the root, e g . w «gfsrr; cf. P. I
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writer of the,Padapatha is to follo
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m ., etc. under certain conditions;
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* glottis ’ or the hole of the th
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and who lived in the twelfth centur
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141 1 wit cf, qfrqi^ Par. Sek. Pari
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term in Panini’s grammar standing
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known grammatical treatises such 14
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vowel of the root, is added in the
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ases ending in sr; cf. P. IV. i. 2
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^ a Vikarana affix of the aorist su
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form from the root ^ in the sense o
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name of a commentary on the Paribha
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157 ^ the second consonant of the p
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wrote a sort of refutation of Bhatt
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the view that mrfir, or genus only,
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See above. The Jaumara Vyakarana ha
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165 which f_ is changed into the co
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a® 167 . -®t and f under certain
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The tad. affix is added as a genera
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the word m ; e.g. qg: cf. P. V. 3.9
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the vowel ?, excepting 5 of the tad
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ending witb qgs; is repeated to con
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177 cf. KaS. on P. IV. 3.105; (8 )
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335!* 179 ■5! of the past pass. p
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1 181 of eRsriwr is not desirable,
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IV . 1.92 etc. The word is also exp
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185 ians just like a Paribhasa; cf.
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a class of compound words headed by
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a class of roots headed by the root
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Somayarya and ( b ) the ' Vaidika-.
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is found used in connection with a
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tad. affix *r^ in the sense of (man
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197 name of a commentary on Kondabh
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or also. A work on Paribhasas named
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v fc ? a Jain grammarian of the 13t
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as one thing differing from another
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cbmpound e.g. qgira*r«tt or ( c) h
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sw a? preceptor of Bopadeva. He wro
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Dame of a commentary on the Kavikal
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f 211 and old grammar works; cf. ft
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as and referred to in the same way,
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‘W capable of being cerebralized.
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^ ^ 1 3 a denominative root; the te
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WTvT I HffifcfT *l#cT I W ^HlpTT *t
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#prm 2 2 l followed by almost all l
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possessed of no mute indicatory let
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fMl&P ( i ) productive, as opposed
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cf. P. V II. 1.54; (2 ) to the affi
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ule which has got some exceptions,
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the fifth consonant of the five cla
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----- q ^ 5 ( V . Pr. III. 2 ) as c
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which is believed to have been base
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i n as the sense is technically ter
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upon as a part for purposes of acce
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a very brief commentary on the Pari
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244 behind the eyes, unnoticed by t
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71335 246 7133) ( I ) or SoppRtrre?
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as shown by his definition ‘ If t
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a fggjf work of the White Yajnrveda
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3 short term for the labial consona
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the rule prescribing the term p f i
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. pound, which hence is defined as
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- explained as by the writer of the
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word; e.g. the restoration of the r
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stood as an independent accent by t
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1.43. The word srfgfte which is gen
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^mî 266 to affixes when they are p
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V ait 3, also cf. Katantra I. 4.1 a
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m -8, also on P. III. 1.94 Vart. 3
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STff% ( i ) application^ or present
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. : natural, which can be so ordina
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sfiTW, sisqjj, efernr, f ^ , 9 RTH,
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iDg of the noun ( under discussion
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5rtejT^tWt&8T 280 on Grammar and th
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^ [B U R N E L L , D r.] a European
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- multisyllabled, a word which cont
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descendant; e.g. qtcfq:, qifli: etc
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3# name of an old grammarian who is
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Brahmaija, as is generally believed
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- - time around Thirteenth century
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loth, n th and 12th centuries. The
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Panini’s Astadhyayi as it begins
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¥=1T^DI 298 cf. wftoi ^WlFt 1 Vaj.
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irspTiwr lit. fallen in the middle;
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m z 302 TTfiJiicnr IV. 3.92) added
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carelessly. The available commentar
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and Kaundinya should serve, the lat
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A - ; has been lengthened by Vrddhi
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( sfter) out of which the TKItT is
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affix is sometimes dropped; cf. q§
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mean 314 sound intervening between
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316 ( i ) proper, appropriate, just
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jr w r t). The affix is not applied
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V III. 2.70; ( 3 ) the consonant ^
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tflt. augment x inserted after the
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vyakarana, who in turn is commented
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cf. P. VIII. 4.67 ; (3 ) substitute
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W l one of the eight modes of Vedic
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— f t 330 as different from that
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are used along with the verbal form
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the acute accent for the vowel imme
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conditions, the affixes fir, w.*, 3
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n stands at the beginning of a word
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also and irNfonryisft. The work tin
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transposition of letters; cf. qojsj
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344 or ^ gingival, produced at the
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" JI =5 s ^ fc r 1 M. Bh. on P. I.
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, 3183 yana is likely to be the sam
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s^Fcr: qgfatftoi 1% mft?- €K: Rff
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with another in the utterance; cf.
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fe’gpr examination, question or t
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tad. affix f ^ . See the word fl^ .
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etc. cf. ft'TTcTT M. Bh. on P. V II
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f§P&ST9 ^n3
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■ near each other; cf. ÔTfciFcrc
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_ learned commentaries on the wor k
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tfH. and others, and to the roots ^
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• - iRra$n s'TH; cf. M. Bh. on P.
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370 name of that section of Bhatfoj
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- Tf^m , (2 ) ^ f s r , ( 3 )g« r
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any confusion, say confusion of one
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SWTFT 376 - I M. Bh. on P. III. 3.8
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a gloss on the Sutras of Panini wri
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- instrument of the production of s
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capacity which combines %sRsr with
Page 399 and 400: ^ftfq=ST Vakyapadlya, I. I ; cf. al
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Page 405 and 406: a treatise on the theory of sri'^w
Page 407 and 408: (gre?
Page 409 and 410: given in the Prakriya Kaumudi and w
Page 411 and 412: sfNianTH 396 «rrf%oi M. Bh. on P.
Page 413 and 414: hasya on I. 1.57. The name Sva- bhu
Page 415 and 416: is frequently used b y grammarians;
Page 417 and 418: has already been added as also to t
Page 419 and 420: i____ s w t Some quotations only ar
Page 421 and 422: which are so placed, coalesce toget
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Page 425 and 426: tio n ; cf. w-w 1 ' ^WI'fiftsKRRffa
Page 427 and 428: accent which prevails by the remova
Page 429 and 430: tive case by ancient grammarians an
Page 431 and 432: gs^BgTRifSi R. Pr. I. ir . cf. also
Page 433 and 434: ^ and which means the anticipation
Page 435 and 436: indiscriminately ; an application i
Page 437 and 438: Sfr t t f w qlfiStf. R. Pr. X III.
Page 439 and 440: . 33: m fllt l M.Bh. on P. VI. 1.70
Page 441 and 442: 426 the celebrated Vedic scholar an
Page 443 and 444: many times of use in cases .of doub
Page 445 and 446: 430 a term used in connection with
Page 447 and 448: mentioned above are termed roots by
Page 449: 2.18. Vart. 4, M,' Bh. On II. schoo
Page 453 and 454: an authoritive dictum of an ancient
Page 455 and 456: . be turned into ^ e. g. in Jpspft,
Page 457 and 458: ^ si- 442 are to be understood and
Page 459 and 460: ’ commented on many’ grammar- w
Page 461 and 462: name of a commentary written by a g
Page 463: H?ra5?I55lli0ffiffxr a short gloss
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