Submitted for award of PhD September 2006. - King's College London

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Bantina, an Oscan constitution, is similar. It meant `magistrate' in general, but it must be pointed out that this text draws on the Roman practice. 403 Occasional references suggest that the office of meddix tuticus was annual: Cn. Magius Atellanus, qui in eo anno meddix tuticus Brat; 404 medix tuticus, qui summus magistratus apud Campanos est, eo anno Seppius Loesius erat. 405 Sources mention only one Campanian meddix luticus at a time, which supports that idea that the office was single. It is therefore possible to reconstruct the fasti of Campanian meddices tutici for a few years during the Second Punic War: 217 BC: Pacuvius Calavius (summus magistratus) 406 216 BC: Marius Blossius (praetor Campanus)407 215 BC: Marius Alfius (meddix tuticus, summus magistratus)408 214 BC: Cn. Magius Atellanus (meddix tuticus)409 211 BC: Seppius Loesius (meddix tuticus)410 The practice of using the names of the chief magistrates to denote the year was standard practice in the non-monarchic states of the Greco-Roman world. Personal names that occur in sources relating to Capua can also help. The cognomina of Cn. Magius Atellanus and Vestia Oppia Atellana indicate that they were from Atella. 41 1 The fact that someone from Atella could become meddix tuticus of Capua can be explained in several ways. The most popular is that Atella was part of the so-called Capuan league. 412 Alternatively, Frederiksen suggested that Magius 403 ST Lu 1, Crawford (1996) 271-292, no. 13. 404 Livy 24.19.2. 405 Livy 26.6.13. 406 Livy 23.2.3. 407 Livy 23.7.8. 408 Livy 23.35.17. 409 Livy 24.19.2. 410 Livy 26.6.13. 411 Vestia Oppia Atellana: Livy 26.33.8. 412 Frederiksen (1984) 141. 114
had been granted Capuan citizenship. His family had probably migrated from Atella and the name of that settlement was preserved in their cognomen. Little is said about the functions of the rneddices tutici. They mostly appear as leaders of the anny. However, on one occasion Marius Blossius appears in a political role, when he summoned the popular assembly of Capua. 413 The accounts of the revolt of Capua from Rome in 216 BC give us an insight into the workings of the internal politics in the city. 414 Livy mentions that Capua had a senatus. 415 It seems to have been common practice among Oscan speaking communities, at least later, to borrow the Latin term for their leading council as is shown by other examples from Southern Italy. 416 Frederiksen has argued that a passage in Livy describing the political crisis at Capua following the battle of Cannae suggests that the members of the senate were elected. 417 Livy says that the populace wanted to join Hannibal's side, kill the members of the senate and give the power to an ex-meddix tuticus, Pacuvius Calavius. Calavius solved the crisis by proposing that the people should decide whether each member was worthy of belonging to the senate. Since the people could not find better members than the old ones, the senate remained in place. All sides were satisfied with the result. Later Calavius was the leader of the faction that made Capua join the Carthaginians. 418 The Capuan leading classes were loyal to the Romans because of intermarriage and other connections, while the people were keen to revolt, especially since Hannibal was already in the region. Similar events are recorded in other cities and towns of Southern Italy. The credibility of the passage is 413 Livy 23.7.9. 414 Livy 23.2-10. 4I5 Livy 23.2.2. 416 ST Sa 9 (Pietrabbondante) ST Cml A8, B9 (Nola and Abella). 417 Frederisksen (1984) 141. Livy 23.2-10. 418 Livy 23.8.3. 115
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Leadership among the Samnites and r
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Acknowledgements I am most thankful
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2.4. Administrative institutions ..
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6.6.1. Bronze coins with the legend
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Abbreviations Bu = Buck, C. D., A G
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Chapter 2 looks at what the account
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unification of Italy and the growth
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was qualified by the place-name of
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dictatorship of the Latin states. 1
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narrowed the meaning of touta down
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tuticus was consequently an urban o
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2.1. Introduction Chapter 2. Highla
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century BC and the Social War. 53 F
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esurrected by the Pentri in second
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their country, the Romans decided t
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princeps. 77 The titles imperator a
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that he had captured Taurasia, Cisa
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that the Romans had rebuilt the des
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Beneventum, in the upper valleys of
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the name of the place to Italia. He
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2.2.5. Voting tribes and Augustan r
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southernmost part of the fourth reg
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We must, however, ask whether the a
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dated to the end of the fourth or b
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heartland as being heavily fortifie
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Remains of buildings and associated
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were scattered over the area of the
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the hill fort of Monte Pallano in t
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the region. 183 Livy uses the term
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and the Sangro valley. Aufidena was
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Samnium, partly because the visible
Page 63 and 64: Another surge in building activity
Page 65 and 66: site was abandoned after the war. O
Page 67 and 68: It is generally accepted that the w
Page 69 and 70: Vestini and Paeligni. Some of the p
Page 71 and 72: i still left with the question of w
Page 73 and 74: three stamps in which the name of t
Page 75 and 76: second Stabidinus is plausibly the
Page 77 and 78: the first half of the second centur
Page 79 and 80: pak(is). staiis. 1(üvkieis). m(edd
Page 81 and 82: .ý -ý: ordered or approved by a c
Page 83 and 84: pürtam. liis[eis az2 pü]d safinim
Page 85 and 86: the Samnites during the Samnite and
Page 87 and 88: Marcus Lamponius (App., B. C. 1.42.
Page 89 and 90: Table 4: The Staii as meddices tuti
Page 91 and 92: produced a magister for the Samnite
Page 93 and 94: 2.6. Conclusions Literary accounts
Page 95: fort of Roccagloriosa and some hill
Page 98 and 99: Although they suggest that the medd
Page 100 and 101: Capua is preserved in Stephanus Byz
Page 102 and 103: Samnites. 347 Dionysius's passage,
Page 104 and 105: Campanian issues as well, thus sugg
Page 106 and 107: BC, after the final defeat of the L
Page 108 and 109: supervise the introduction of new r
Page 110 and 111: settled in 334 BC. 379 But the Fale
Page 112 and 113: Litemum and Puteoli in 194 BC; 392
Page 116 and 117: undermined, however, by several fac
Page 118 and 119: We have twenty-six iüvilas inscrip
Page 120 and 121: same structure: the name or names o
Page 122 and 123: [These three are the iüvilas] of P
Page 124 and 125: inscriptions ST Cp 27,29, and 30, a
Page 126 and 127: The inscription ST Cp 32 suggests t
Page 128 and 129: ekluva[tiium] 2diuvia. [is] 3damu[s
Page 130 and 131: ST Cp 19, Ve 93, Co 112, FdB 1, He
Page 132 and 133: Sulpicius Rufus to be built at publ
Page 134 and 135: Triphius Virrius, were probably put
Page 136 and 137: Etruscan gens Ane. 486 Heurgon, cit
Page 138 and 139: were established in the city, but t
Page 140 and 141: The main source of information for
Page 142 and 143: 4.1. Introduction Chapter 4. Cumae
Page 144 and 145: It is difficult to know where exact
Page 146 and 147: earlier Greek agora, the later foru
Page 148 and 149: still contained Greek elements. 533
Page 150 and 151: Although Sgobbo's reading of the wo
Page 152 and 153: own magistrates, but was represente
Page 154 and 155: Modern interpretations of the expre
Page 156 and 157: Rix's argument is unconvincing. Fir
Page 158 and 159: Cumae and Pompeii. These cities, al
Page 160 and 161: the name of the town. 566 Justin, w
Page 162 and 163: Rome and Naples. 577 One may doubt,
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Nola, Naples and Cumae in 216 BC 58
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with the late period of the Hyrina
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5.4.1. Magistrates at Nola and Abel
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Romans held censuses every five yea
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Pacius Calavius son of Pacius m. d.
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written out in full. Rather, I thin
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amnüd. puz. idik. sakara[klüm] in
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Side B Lines 23-26: But the Nolans.
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name and his office (all dative sin
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a number of scholars, I do not beli
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Out of the three gens names of the
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towns. Literary sources mention dis
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1. He argued that the expression r6
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investigated whether this ethnic re
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mentioned by Thucydides, who says t
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the wars ended with the town being
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and from the Labican' 684 Beloch no
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fighting on several fronts, in Apul
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admission, so they made their way t
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loose federation of settlements he
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Pompeianus and guaestor Pompeianus.
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late third, early ST Po 1 Caratelli
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v(iibis). püpidiis. v(iibieis). me
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possibility is that they are the ow
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fragmentary inscriptions, Ve 9 and
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supply uninterrupted and to give ga
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appears on the altar found in templ
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6.3.5. Other institutions It is als
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1. ST Po 34, Ve 23, Co 60, Bu 14, P
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urubla[nu. ant. tiu]rri. 7mefira. f
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meaning `goings'. He supposed that
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the Latin noun fama, with the meani
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4. ST Po 43, Ve 30b, Co 71, Zvetaie
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since the programmata were not noti
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quinquennalis or quaestor. Mommsen
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makes sense only if they were votin
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of the town. Maraeus Atranus son of
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Numerous nomina gentilicia of magis
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6.5. Meddices of Minerva A unique i
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of Mefitis and Privati of Stabiae,
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Most of the coins with the legend a
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6.6.2. Silver and bronze coins from
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story, recorded in local traditions
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supposed confederation the members
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structures. 848 The known instituti
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they were probably filled by electi
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title. My investigation has led to
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emarkably wider than in the Greek w
Page 260 and 261:
In chapters three to six, I have su
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Antonini, R., `Campani', Studi Etru
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Bonghi Jovino, M., La necopoliprero
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Campanile, E., `Note sulla defixio
Page 268 and 269:
Cebeillac-Gervasoni M., 'Italia: Re
Page 270 and 271:
Crawford, M. H., Coinage and money
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De Benedittis, G., 'Sannio (CB): pi
Page 274 and 275:
Di Niro, A., `Cercemaggiore-Gildone
Page 276 and 277:
Gabba, E., L'Italia romana (Como, 1
Page 278 and 279:
Guzzo, P. G. 'L'identitä contradit
Page 280 and 281:
Joseph, B. D., 'Oscan slaagi-', Glo
Page 282 and 283:
Larsen, J. A. 0, Greek Federal Stat
Page 284 and 285:
Lloyd, J. A. Rathbone, D. W. `A Cla
Page 286 and 287:
Mau, A., `Die oskischen Wegweiserin
Page 288 and 289:
Onorato, G. 0., `Pompei municipium
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italica, Atli del convegno della So
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Salerno', Nuceria Alfaterna e il su
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Sgobbo, I., `Gli Etruschi in Pompei
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Thomsen, R., The Italic Regions fro
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Maps 298
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zr Cl `>iyo N"i Q"_; Zö...........
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1r ý, 'ýý 1. ýý}: ýýý ýi l
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A ö 0 a a v a t 0 a 0 N t O CL n°
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Submitted for award of PhD September 2006. - King's College London

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