Submitted for award of PhD September 2006. - King's College London

still contained Greek elements. 533 Livy's note that the Cumaeans applied for
permission to use the Latin language in public life in 180 BC shows that they were
keen for full integration into the Roman state, which probably occurred later in the
second century BC. 534
In conclusion, the Samnite conquest resulted in considerable changes to
Cumae's economic and political position: the city's previous territory shrank and the
mint was transferred to Naples; and the harbour and acropolis declined. After a
decline in the early fourth century, the population increased during the fourth and
third centuries: the area. below the acropolis became the new political and religious
centre and the city shows signs of urbanization in the period. Latin and Greek
sources took little interest in the city and only the most important changes in
Cumae's political status are mentioned: the grant of citizenship without suffrage in
338 BC, after which the city retained its laws, customs and the Oscan language until
211 BC, when praefecti were sent from Rome to dispense justice. Literary sources
say nothing about the city's own political institutions, but epigraphic evidence
provides us with some information.
4.3. Samnite magistrates at Cumae
We have three stone inscriptions which attest public offices at Cumae:
ST Cm 4, Pocc 133, SE 48 (1980) 426,7. Made of grey stones in the mosaic
floor of the podium of the temple of Jupiter Flagius. The inscriptions survived behind
the cella of the Capitolian triad after the reconstruction of the temple in the Roman
533 Strabo 5.4.4.
534 Livy 40.42.13.
148