Submitted for award of PhD September 2006. - King's College London

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Crawford, M. H., Coinage and money under the Roman Republic: Italy and the Mediterranean economy (London, 1985). Crawford, M. H, `The coinage of the age of Sulla', Numismatic Chronicle (1964) 141-58. Crawford, M. H, `Provenances, attributions, and chronology of some early Italian coinages', Coin Hoards 9 (2002) 269-74. Crawford, M. H., Roman Statutes, vols. I-Il (London, 1996). Crawford, M. H., `Coinages of Campania', Review of N. K. Rutter, Campanian coinages 475-380 BC, Classical Review 33 (1983) 107-8. Crawford, M. H., Roman Republican Coinage (London, 1974). Cristofani, M., `Societä e istituzioni nell'Italia preromana', Popoli e Civiltä dell'Italia Antica 7 (Rome, 1978) 51-112. Cristofani, M., `Luoghi di culto dell'ager Campanus', I culti antica (Rome, 1998) 169-73. Curti, E., Dench, E., Patterson, J., `The Archaeology of Central and della Campania Southern Roman Italy: Recent Trends and Approaches', Journal of Roman Studies, 86 (1996), 170-189. D'Agostino, B., 'L'etruscitä campana. Problemi di metodo' Instituto universitario orientale di Napoli, annali del Seminario di studi del mondo classico, Linguistic section 4 (1982) 37-45. D'Agostino, B., `Nocera Superiore (Nuceria Alfaterna)', Enciclopedia deli 'Arte Antica, Suppl. 1970 (1973) 547-8. D'Agostino, B., `Greci, Campani e Sanniti: cittä e campagna nella regione Campana', La Campaniafra il VI e il III secolo a. C. (Florence, 1992). 270
D'Agostino, B., Fatta, F., Malpede, V., Cuma : le fortificazioni. 1, Lo scavo 1994-2002 (Naples, 2005). Daverio Rocchi, G., Cittä-stato e stati federali della Grecia classics (Milan, 1993). D'Agostino, B., D'Andrea A. (ed), Cuma. Nuove forme di intervento per lo studio del silo antico (Naples, 2002). D'Agostino, B., `Il mondo periferico dells Magna Grecia, La Campania', Popoli e civiltä dell'Italia antica (Rome, 1978) 179-215. Daverio Rocchi, G., Cittä-stato e stati federali della Greci classica (Milan, 1993). D'Avino, R., 'Sulla morfologia di osco prupukid', Ricerche linguistiche 6 (1974) 247- 56. De Benedittis, G., `Larinum e la Daunia settentrional e', Athenaeum 65 (1987) 516- 521. De Benedittis, G., `L'oppidum di Monte Vairano ovvero Aquilonia', Sannio, Pentri e Frentani dal VI all sec. a. C. (Rome, 1980) 321-57. De Benedittis, G., 'Anfore greche nel Sannio', Samnium (Rome, 1991b) 140. De Benedittis, G., Bovianum, Aesernia, Monte Vairano: considerazioni sull'evoluzione dell'insediamento nel Sannio Pentro', Jones II., (ed. ) Samnium: Settlement and cultural change (Rhode Island, 2004) 23-33. De Benedittis, G., 'L'abitato di Monte Vairano', Samnium (Rome, 1991a) 127-30. De Benedittis, G., (ed. ), Monte Vairano. La casa di EN' (Campobasso, 1987). De Benedittis, G., 'Monte Vairano', La Romanisation du Samnium aux He et Her siecles av. J. -C. (Naples 1991) 47-55. De Benedittis, G., 'Monte Vairano: Tratturi Economia e Viabilitä', Giornate internazionali di studio sulla transumanza (Torino, 1990) 107-28. 271
Page 1 and 2:
Leadership among the Samnites and r
Page 3 and 4:
Acknowledgements I am most thankful
Page 5 and 6:
2.4. Administrative institutions ..
Page 7 and 8:
6.6.1. Bronze coins with the legend
Page 9 and 10:
Abbreviations Bu = Buck, C. D., A G
Page 11 and 12:
Chapter 2 looks at what the account
Page 13 and 14:
unification of Italy and the growth
Page 15 and 16:
was qualified by the place-name of
Page 17 and 18:
dictatorship of the Latin states. 1
Page 19 and 20:
narrowed the meaning of touta down
Page 21 and 22:
tuticus was consequently an urban o
Page 23 and 24:
2.1. Introduction Chapter 2. Highla
Page 25 and 26:
century BC and the Social War. 53 F
Page 27 and 28:
esurrected by the Pentri in second
Page 29 and 30:
their country, the Romans decided t
Page 31 and 32:
princeps. 77 The titles imperator a
Page 33 and 34:
that he had captured Taurasia, Cisa
Page 35 and 36:
that the Romans had rebuilt the des
Page 37 and 38:
Beneventum, in the upper valleys of
Page 39 and 40:
the name of the place to Italia. He
Page 41 and 42:
2.2.5. Voting tribes and Augustan r
Page 43 and 44:
southernmost part of the fourth reg
Page 45 and 46:
We must, however, ask whether the a
Page 47 and 48:
dated to the end of the fourth or b
Page 49 and 50:
heartland as being heavily fortifie
Page 51 and 52:
Remains of buildings and associated
Page 53 and 54:
were scattered over the area of the
Page 55 and 56:
the hill fort of Monte Pallano in t
Page 57 and 58:
the region. 183 Livy uses the term
Page 59 and 60:
and the Sangro valley. Aufidena was
Page 61 and 62:
Samnium, partly because the visible
Page 63 and 64:
Another surge in building activity
Page 65 and 66:
site was abandoned after the war. O
Page 67 and 68:
It is generally accepted that the w
Page 69 and 70:
Vestini and Paeligni. Some of the p
Page 71 and 72:
i still left with the question of w
Page 73 and 74:
three stamps in which the name of t
Page 75 and 76:
second Stabidinus is plausibly the
Page 77 and 78:
the first half of the second centur
Page 79 and 80:
pak(is). staiis. 1(üvkieis). m(edd
Page 81 and 82:
.ý -ý: ordered or approved by a c
Page 83 and 84:
pürtam. liis[eis az2 pü]d safinim
Page 85 and 86:
the Samnites during the Samnite and
Page 87 and 88:
Marcus Lamponius (App., B. C. 1.42.
Page 89 and 90:
Table 4: The Staii as meddices tuti
Page 91 and 92:
produced a magister for the Samnite
Page 93 and 94:
2.6. Conclusions Literary accounts
Page 95:
fort of Roccagloriosa and some hill
Page 98 and 99:
Although they suggest that the medd
Page 100 and 101:
Capua is preserved in Stephanus Byz
Page 102 and 103:
Samnites. 347 Dionysius's passage,
Page 104 and 105:
Campanian issues as well, thus sugg
Page 106 and 107:
BC, after the final defeat of the L
Page 108 and 109:
supervise the introduction of new r
Page 110 and 111:
settled in 334 BC. 379 But the Fale
Page 112 and 113:
Litemum and Puteoli in 194 BC; 392
Page 114 and 115:
Bantina, an Oscan constitution, is
Page 116 and 117:
undermined, however, by several fac
Page 118 and 119:
We have twenty-six iüvilas inscrip
Page 120 and 121:
same structure: the name or names o
Page 122 and 123:
[These three are the iüvilas] of P
Page 124 and 125:
inscriptions ST Cp 27,29, and 30, a
Page 126 and 127:
The inscription ST Cp 32 suggests t
Page 128 and 129:
ekluva[tiium] 2diuvia. [is] 3damu[s
Page 130 and 131:
ST Cp 19, Ve 93, Co 112, FdB 1, He
Page 132 and 133:
Sulpicius Rufus to be built at publ
Page 134 and 135:
Triphius Virrius, were probably put
Page 136 and 137:
Etruscan gens Ane. 486 Heurgon, cit
Page 138 and 139:
were established in the city, but t
Page 140 and 141:
The main source of information for
Page 142 and 143:
4.1. Introduction Chapter 4. Cumae
Page 144 and 145:
It is difficult to know where exact
Page 146 and 147:
earlier Greek agora, the later foru
Page 148 and 149:
still contained Greek elements. 533
Page 150 and 151:
Although Sgobbo's reading of the wo
Page 152 and 153:
own magistrates, but was represente
Page 154 and 155:
Modern interpretations of the expre
Page 156 and 157:
Rix's argument is unconvincing. Fir
Page 158 and 159:
Cumae and Pompeii. These cities, al
Page 160 and 161:
the name of the town. 566 Justin, w
Page 162 and 163:
Rome and Naples. 577 One may doubt,
Page 164 and 165:
Nola, Naples and Cumae in 216 BC 58
Page 166 and 167:
with the late period of the Hyrina
Page 168 and 169:
5.4.1. Magistrates at Nola and Abel
Page 170 and 171:
Romans held censuses every five yea
Page 172 and 173:
Pacius Calavius son of Pacius m. d.
Page 174 and 175:
written out in full. Rather, I thin
Page 176 and 177:
amnüd. puz. idik. sakara[klüm] in
Page 178 and 179:
Side B Lines 23-26: But the Nolans.
Page 180 and 181:
name and his office (all dative sin
Page 182 and 183:
a number of scholars, I do not beli
Page 184 and 185:
Out of the three gens names of the
Page 186 and 187:
towns. Literary sources mention dis
Page 188 and 189:
1. He argued that the expression r6
Page 190 and 191:
investigated whether this ethnic re
Page 192 and 193:
mentioned by Thucydides, who says t
Page 194 and 195:
the wars ended with the town being
Page 196 and 197:
and from the Labican' 684 Beloch no
Page 198 and 199:
fighting on several fronts, in Apul
Page 200 and 201:
admission, so they made their way t
Page 202 and 203:
loose federation of settlements he
Page 204 and 205:
Pompeianus and guaestor Pompeianus.
Page 206 and 207:
late third, early ST Po 1 Caratelli
Page 208 and 209:
v(iibis). püpidiis. v(iibieis). me
Page 210 and 211:
possibility is that they are the ow
Page 212 and 213:
fragmentary inscriptions, Ve 9 and
Page 214 and 215:
supply uninterrupted and to give ga
Page 216 and 217:
appears on the altar found in templ
Page 218 and 219:
6.3.5. Other institutions It is als
Page 220 and 221: 1. ST Po 34, Ve 23, Co 60, Bu 14, P
Page 222 and 223: urubla[nu. ant. tiu]rri. 7mefira. f
Page 224 and 225: meaning `goings'. He supposed that
Page 226 and 227: the Latin noun fama, with the meani
Page 228 and 229: 4. ST Po 43, Ve 30b, Co 71, Zvetaie
Page 230 and 231: since the programmata were not noti
Page 232 and 233: quinquennalis or quaestor. Mommsen
Page 234 and 235: makes sense only if they were votin
Page 236 and 237: of the town. Maraeus Atranus son of
Page 238 and 239: Numerous nomina gentilicia of magis
Page 240 and 241: 6.5. Meddices of Minerva A unique i
Page 242 and 243: of Mefitis and Privati of Stabiae,
Page 244 and 245: Most of the coins with the legend a
Page 246 and 247: 6.6.2. Silver and bronze coins from
Page 248 and 249: story, recorded in local traditions
Page 250 and 251: supposed confederation the members
Page 252 and 253: structures. 848 The known instituti
Page 254 and 255: they were probably filled by electi
Page 256 and 257: title. My investigation has led to
Page 258 and 259: emarkably wider than in the Greek w
Page 260 and 261: In chapters three to six, I have su
Page 262 and 263: Antonini, R., `Campani', Studi Etru
Page 264 and 265: Bonghi Jovino, M., La necopoliprero
Page 266 and 267: Campanile, E., `Note sulla defixio
Page 268 and 269: Cebeillac-Gervasoni M., 'Italia: Re
Page 272 and 273: De Benedittis, G., 'Sannio (CB): pi
Page 274 and 275: Di Niro, A., `Cercemaggiore-Gildone
Page 276 and 277: Gabba, E., L'Italia romana (Como, 1
Page 278 and 279: Guzzo, P. G. 'L'identitä contradit
Page 280 and 281: Joseph, B. D., 'Oscan slaagi-', Glo
Page 282 and 283: Larsen, J. A. 0, Greek Federal Stat
Page 284 and 285: Lloyd, J. A. Rathbone, D. W. `A Cla
Page 286 and 287: Mau, A., `Die oskischen Wegweiserin
Page 288 and 289: Onorato, G. 0., `Pompei municipium
Page 290 and 291: italica, Atli del convegno della So
Page 292 and 293: Salerno', Nuceria Alfaterna e il su
Page 294 and 295: Sgobbo, I., `Gli Etruschi in Pompei
Page 296 and 297: Thomsen, R., The Italic Regions fro
Page 298 and 299: Maps 298
Page 300 and 301: zr Cl `>iyo N"i Q"_; Zö...........
Page 302 and 303: 1r ý, 'ýý 1. ýý}: ýýý ýi l
Page 304: A ö 0 a a v a t 0 a 0 N t O CL n°
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Submitted for award of PhD September 2006. - King's College London

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