Submitted for award of PhD September 2006. - King's College London

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6.6.2. Silver and bronze coins from Nuceria Alfaterna Among the coins found in the southern part of the bay of Naples, nine types form a special group. They bear the legend nuvkrinum alafaternum with some variations. As previously mentioned, Beloch interpreted these coins as federal coins, which served as common money for all the towns of his supposed Nucerian League. 1. "nuvkrinum alafaternum `-arasnei-/ amsnei819 (silver) 2. `nuvkirinum valafjater]num820 (silver) 3. nuvrikum alaften[um]821 (silver) 4. nuvrikum alavfnum822 (silver) 5. nuvkrinum ala(3aternum823 (bronze) 6. nuvkrium alafaternum `regvinum ravalanum824 (bronze) 7. nuvkrinum alafaternum825 (bronze) 8. nüvkrinum alafaternüm826 (bronze) 9. nüvkrinüm alafaternum827 (bronze) The weight of the Nucerian silver coins follows that of the Neapolitan coinage in the first half of the third century BC. On the obverse of all the didrachms we have the head of a young man with long hair and a ram's horn. The reverse of the coins depicts a naked young man, perhaps one of the Dioscuri, holding a horse by its harness and leaning on a- javelin. Most of the bronze coins bear the head of a young man on the obverse and a dog 819 ST nCm 3c, Co 144, Bu 76. 620 ST nCm 3g. 821 ST nCm 3h. 822 ST nCm 3i. 823 ST nCm 3a, Co 144, Bu 76. 824 ST nCm 3b 825 ST nCm 3d 826 ST nCm 3e. 827 ST nCm 3f. 246
feeding on the reverse. Some of the bronze coins bear a head of a young man with long hair tied with a band on the obverse, and on the reverse the Dioscuri galloping. Another type shows an Apollo head crowned with laurel on the obverse and a feeding dog on the reverse. Cantilena suggests on the basis of the similarities of type and weight with the Neapolitan coinage that the minting of the Nucerian coinage may have begun towards the mid-third century BC. 828 The head of the young man has been the subject of numerous interpretations. He has traditionally been thought to be a personification of the god of the river Sarno. 829 Some have identified him with the Nucerian hero called Epidius, son of Epidius Nuncionis (the Nucerian? ). Suetonius recounts that this hero fell into the river, emerged with horns and later was numbered among the gods. 830 However, Cantilena doubts that an author from the imperial period would refer to a legend depicted on coins from the middle of the third century BC. 831 She also rejects the idea of the young man being the personification of the river-god. She notes that the gods of rivers usually have straight horns like those of a bull, rather than twisted horns like those of a ram. In her opinion the young man should be interpreted as Apollo Kameios, the god of the Doric people, well known in the Peloponnese, and protector of armies and those who explore new territories. Virgil and Servius mention an ancient population, the Sarrhastes. 832 Servius says that they came from the Peloponnese and that they were the first inhabitants of the Sarno region, gave their name to the river and founded Nuceria. In my opinion Cantilena's doubts are unnecessary and the best view is that he is a local deity, whose 828 Cantilena (1994) 10. 829 Cantilena (1994) 10. 930 Suet. De claris rhetoribus 4. 831 Cantilena (1994) 11. 832 Virgil 7.738, Servius Ad Aen. 7.738. 247
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Leadership among the Samnites and r
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Acknowledgements I am most thankful
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2.4. Administrative institutions ..
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6.6.1. Bronze coins with the legend
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Abbreviations Bu = Buck, C. D., A G
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Chapter 2 looks at what the account
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unification of Italy and the growth
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was qualified by the place-name of
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dictatorship of the Latin states. 1
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narrowed the meaning of touta down
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tuticus was consequently an urban o
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2.1. Introduction Chapter 2. Highla
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century BC and the Social War. 53 F
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esurrected by the Pentri in second
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their country, the Romans decided t
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princeps. 77 The titles imperator a
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that he had captured Taurasia, Cisa
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that the Romans had rebuilt the des
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Beneventum, in the upper valleys of
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the name of the place to Italia. He
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2.2.5. Voting tribes and Augustan r
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southernmost part of the fourth reg
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We must, however, ask whether the a
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dated to the end of the fourth or b
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heartland as being heavily fortifie
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Remains of buildings and associated
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were scattered over the area of the
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the hill fort of Monte Pallano in t
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the region. 183 Livy uses the term
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and the Sangro valley. Aufidena was
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Samnium, partly because the visible
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Another surge in building activity
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site was abandoned after the war. O
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It is generally accepted that the w
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Vestini and Paeligni. Some of the p
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i still left with the question of w
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three stamps in which the name of t
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second Stabidinus is plausibly the
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the first half of the second centur
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pak(is). staiis. 1(üvkieis). m(edd
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.ý -ý: ordered or approved by a c
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pürtam. liis[eis az2 pü]d safinim
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the Samnites during the Samnite and
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Marcus Lamponius (App., B. C. 1.42.
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Table 4: The Staii as meddices tuti
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produced a magister for the Samnite
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2.6. Conclusions Literary accounts
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fort of Roccagloriosa and some hill
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Although they suggest that the medd
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Capua is preserved in Stephanus Byz
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Samnites. 347 Dionysius's passage,
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Campanian issues as well, thus sugg
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BC, after the final defeat of the L
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supervise the introduction of new r
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settled in 334 BC. 379 But the Fale
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Litemum and Puteoli in 194 BC; 392
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Bantina, an Oscan constitution, is
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undermined, however, by several fac
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We have twenty-six iüvilas inscrip
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same structure: the name or names o
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[These three are the iüvilas] of P
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inscriptions ST Cp 27,29, and 30, a
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The inscription ST Cp 32 suggests t
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ekluva[tiium] 2diuvia. [is] 3damu[s
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ST Cp 19, Ve 93, Co 112, FdB 1, He
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Sulpicius Rufus to be built at publ
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Triphius Virrius, were probably put
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Etruscan gens Ane. 486 Heurgon, cit
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were established in the city, but t
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The main source of information for
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4.1. Introduction Chapter 4. Cumae
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It is difficult to know where exact
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earlier Greek agora, the later foru
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still contained Greek elements. 533
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Although Sgobbo's reading of the wo
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own magistrates, but was represente
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Modern interpretations of the expre
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Rix's argument is unconvincing. Fir
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Cumae and Pompeii. These cities, al
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the name of the town. 566 Justin, w
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Rome and Naples. 577 One may doubt,
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Nola, Naples and Cumae in 216 BC 58
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with the late period of the Hyrina
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5.4.1. Magistrates at Nola and Abel
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Romans held censuses every five yea
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Pacius Calavius son of Pacius m. d.
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written out in full. Rather, I thin
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amnüd. puz. idik. sakara[klüm] in
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Side B Lines 23-26: But the Nolans.
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name and his office (all dative sin
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a number of scholars, I do not beli
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Out of the three gens names of the
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towns. Literary sources mention dis
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1. He argued that the expression r6
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investigated whether this ethnic re
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mentioned by Thucydides, who says t
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the wars ended with the town being
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Page 218 and 219: 6.3.5. Other institutions It is als
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Page 222 and 223: urubla[nu. ant. tiu]rri. 7mefira. f
Page 224 and 225: meaning `goings'. He supposed that
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Page 228 and 229: 4. ST Po 43, Ve 30b, Co 71, Zvetaie
Page 230 and 231: since the programmata were not noti
Page 232 and 233: quinquennalis or quaestor. Mommsen
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Page 236 and 237: of the town. Maraeus Atranus son of
Page 238 and 239: Numerous nomina gentilicia of magis
Page 240 and 241: 6.5. Meddices of Minerva A unique i
Page 242 and 243: of Mefitis and Privati of Stabiae,
Page 244 and 245: Most of the coins with the legend a
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Page 250 and 251: supposed confederation the members
Page 252 and 253: structures. 848 The known instituti
Page 254 and 255: they were probably filled by electi
Page 256 and 257: title. My investigation has led to
Page 258 and 259: emarkably wider than in the Greek w
Page 260 and 261: In chapters three to six, I have su
Page 262 and 263: Antonini, R., `Campani', Studi Etru
Page 264 and 265: Bonghi Jovino, M., La necopoliprero
Page 266 and 267: Campanile, E., `Note sulla defixio
Page 268 and 269: Cebeillac-Gervasoni M., 'Italia: Re
Page 270 and 271: Crawford, M. H., Coinage and money
Page 272 and 273: De Benedittis, G., 'Sannio (CB): pi
Page 274 and 275: Di Niro, A., `Cercemaggiore-Gildone
Page 276 and 277: Gabba, E., L'Italia romana (Como, 1
Page 278 and 279: Guzzo, P. G. 'L'identitä contradit
Page 280 and 281: Joseph, B. D., 'Oscan slaagi-', Glo
Page 282 and 283: Larsen, J. A. 0, Greek Federal Stat
Page 284 and 285: Lloyd, J. A. Rathbone, D. W. `A Cla
Page 286 and 287: Mau, A., `Die oskischen Wegweiserin
Page 288 and 289: Onorato, G. 0., `Pompei municipium
Page 290 and 291: italica, Atli del convegno della So
Page 292 and 293: Salerno', Nuceria Alfaterna e il su
Page 294 and 295: Sgobbo, I., `Gli Etruschi in Pompei
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Thomsen, R., The Italic Regions fro
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Maps 298
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zr Cl `>iyo N"i Q"_; Zö...........
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1r ý, 'ýý 1. ýý}: ýýý ýi l
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A ö 0 a a v a t 0 a 0 N t O CL n°
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Submitted for award of PhD September 2006. - King's College London

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