Submitted for award of PhD September 2006. - King's College London

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inscriptions ST Cp 27,29, and 30, and medikkiai tüvtikai in ST Cp 28 439 Buck suggests that the locative of the office should be translated as ìn the meddixship', which was used to date the inscriptions 440 Thus the three inscriptions, ST Cp 27,29 and 30, would record celebrations while Decius Virrius and Lucius Pettius were the meddices and ST Cp 28 a feast while Minius Annius was the meddix tuticus. An alternative view, put forward by Franchi de Bellis that it should be translated as ìn the presence of, is not convincing 441 Sartori and Campanile have argued that if both the title meddix and meddix tuticus were eponymous it would follow that the two were identical 442 The fact that in every case the name of only one office-holder appears seems to confirm this argument. Admittedly, the inscription ST Cp 34 says that ìn the presence of the meddix tuticus Cainpanus feast tables must be offered, which are (prepared) on the day after the vehianae, when Minius Nivellius was the meddix', which seems to distinguish the title of the meddix tuticus Campanus form that of the simple meddiz. 443 However, the simple meddiz probably stands for the office of meddix tuticus, but the qualifying adjective of the title is omitted. Epigraphic and literary evidence therefore agree that the office of the meddix tuticus was single, annual and eponymous. 438 The arguments of Franchi de Bellis (1981) 67-74 are convincing. 439 In inscription ST Cp 34 the office appearing at the end of the inscription is emended to medik(kiai), in ST Cp 24 to m(eddikkiai). t(üvtikai). 440 Buck (1974) 200. 441 Franchi de-Bellis (1981) 194. 442 See Sartori (1959) 20-1. Campanile-Letta (1979) 20. 443 Before Vetter it was thought that the office of meddix was followed by one word, minive, interpreted as an adjective, minor, linked to the office, which implied that the meddix tuticus had a colleague of lower rank. However Vetter pointed out minive is in fact two words: mi nive, which probably stand for the name of the meddix, Minius Nivellius. The interpretation of Franchi de Bellis (1981) 145 does not seem convincing. She accepts the previous reading of minive, but translates the word as `limitatamente', suggesting that the meddix tuticus Campanus assisted the whole banquet (adpüd filet = as long as they last, reference taken from the other side of the stone, ST Cp 33), while the presence of the meddix was `limited' only to the sacrifice with cereals. 124
Inscriptions mention two types of sacrifices: the kerssnasia and the sakrasias. The first term refers to the offering of cereals, the latter to the bloody type of sacrifice called hostia by the Romans. It has been suggested that the former word refers to the cakes represented on the terracotta inscriptions, while the second word refers to the boar. 444 Meddices, meddices tutici and meddices tutici Campani appear at both types of sacrifices, so that the type of sacrifice does not determine the title of the magistrate, as the following table shows (it omits the inscriptions where the office appears for dating purposes). Kerssnasia Official Sakrasia Official ST Cp 31 meddix Campanus ST Cp 31 meddix Campanus ST Cp 32 meddix ST Cp 34 meddix tuticus Campanus ST Cp 35 meddix Campanus The sacrifices took place during public holidays, but the type of the holiday does not seem to require an official of a particular title: Holiday Reference Official eidüis mamerttiais ST Cp 31 meddix Campanus pümperiais süllem[n]ais ST Cp 32 meddix iüklei vehiianasüm ST Cp 33 meddix tuticus Campanus iüklei vehiian(asüm) ST Cp 34 meddix tuticus Campanus and 444 Franchi de Bellis (1981) 46. meddix 125
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Leadership among the Samnites and r
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Acknowledgements I am most thankful
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2.4. Administrative institutions ..
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6.6.1. Bronze coins with the legend
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Abbreviations Bu = Buck, C. D., A G
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Chapter 2 looks at what the account
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unification of Italy and the growth
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was qualified by the place-name of
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dictatorship of the Latin states. 1
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narrowed the meaning of touta down
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tuticus was consequently an urban o
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2.1. Introduction Chapter 2. Highla
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century BC and the Social War. 53 F
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esurrected by the Pentri in second
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their country, the Romans decided t
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princeps. 77 The titles imperator a
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that he had captured Taurasia, Cisa
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that the Romans had rebuilt the des
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Beneventum, in the upper valleys of
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the name of the place to Italia. He
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2.2.5. Voting tribes and Augustan r
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southernmost part of the fourth reg
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We must, however, ask whether the a
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dated to the end of the fourth or b
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heartland as being heavily fortifie
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Remains of buildings and associated
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were scattered over the area of the
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the hill fort of Monte Pallano in t
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the region. 183 Livy uses the term
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and the Sangro valley. Aufidena was
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Samnium, partly because the visible
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Another surge in building activity
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site was abandoned after the war. O
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It is generally accepted that the w
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Vestini and Paeligni. Some of the p
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i still left with the question of w
Page 73 and 74: three stamps in which the name of t
Page 75 and 76: second Stabidinus is plausibly the
Page 77 and 78: the first half of the second centur
Page 79 and 80: pak(is). staiis. 1(üvkieis). m(edd
Page 81 and 82: .ý -ý: ordered or approved by a c
Page 83 and 84: pürtam. liis[eis az2 pü]d safinim
Page 85 and 86: the Samnites during the Samnite and
Page 87 and 88: Marcus Lamponius (App., B. C. 1.42.
Page 89 and 90: Table 4: The Staii as meddices tuti
Page 91 and 92: produced a magister for the Samnite
Page 93 and 94: 2.6. Conclusions Literary accounts
Page 95: fort of Roccagloriosa and some hill
Page 98 and 99: Although they suggest that the medd
Page 100 and 101: Capua is preserved in Stephanus Byz
Page 102 and 103: Samnites. 347 Dionysius's passage,
Page 104 and 105: Campanian issues as well, thus sugg
Page 106 and 107: BC, after the final defeat of the L
Page 108 and 109: supervise the introduction of new r
Page 110 and 111: settled in 334 BC. 379 But the Fale
Page 112 and 113: Litemum and Puteoli in 194 BC; 392
Page 114 and 115: Bantina, an Oscan constitution, is
Page 116 and 117: undermined, however, by several fac
Page 118 and 119: We have twenty-six iüvilas inscrip
Page 120 and 121: same structure: the name or names o
Page 122 and 123: [These three are the iüvilas] of P
Page 126 and 127: The inscription ST Cp 32 suggests t
Page 128 and 129: ekluva[tiium] 2diuvia. [is] 3damu[s
Page 130 and 131: ST Cp 19, Ve 93, Co 112, FdB 1, He
Page 132 and 133: Sulpicius Rufus to be built at publ
Page 134 and 135: Triphius Virrius, were probably put
Page 136 and 137: Etruscan gens Ane. 486 Heurgon, cit
Page 138 and 139: were established in the city, but t
Page 140 and 141: The main source of information for
Page 142 and 143: 4.1. Introduction Chapter 4. Cumae
Page 144 and 145: It is difficult to know where exact
Page 146 and 147: earlier Greek agora, the later foru
Page 148 and 149: still contained Greek elements. 533
Page 150 and 151: Although Sgobbo's reading of the wo
Page 152 and 153: own magistrates, but was represente
Page 154 and 155: Modern interpretations of the expre
Page 156 and 157: Rix's argument is unconvincing. Fir
Page 158 and 159: Cumae and Pompeii. These cities, al
Page 160 and 161: the name of the town. 566 Justin, w
Page 162 and 163: Rome and Naples. 577 One may doubt,
Page 164 and 165: Nola, Naples and Cumae in 216 BC 58
Page 166 and 167: with the late period of the Hyrina
Page 168 and 169: 5.4.1. Magistrates at Nola and Abel
Page 170 and 171: Romans held censuses every five yea
Page 172 and 173: Pacius Calavius son of Pacius m. d.
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written out in full. Rather, I thin
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amnüd. puz. idik. sakara[klüm] in
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Side B Lines 23-26: But the Nolans.
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name and his office (all dative sin
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a number of scholars, I do not beli
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Out of the three gens names of the
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towns. Literary sources mention dis
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1. He argued that the expression r6
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investigated whether this ethnic re
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mentioned by Thucydides, who says t
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the wars ended with the town being
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and from the Labican' 684 Beloch no
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fighting on several fronts, in Apul
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admission, so they made their way t
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loose federation of settlements he
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Pompeianus and guaestor Pompeianus.
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late third, early ST Po 1 Caratelli
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v(iibis). püpidiis. v(iibieis). me
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possibility is that they are the ow
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fragmentary inscriptions, Ve 9 and
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supply uninterrupted and to give ga
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appears on the altar found in templ
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6.3.5. Other institutions It is als
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1. ST Po 34, Ve 23, Co 60, Bu 14, P
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urubla[nu. ant. tiu]rri. 7mefira. f
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meaning `goings'. He supposed that
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the Latin noun fama, with the meani
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4. ST Po 43, Ve 30b, Co 71, Zvetaie
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since the programmata were not noti
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quinquennalis or quaestor. Mommsen
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makes sense only if they were votin
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of the town. Maraeus Atranus son of
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Numerous nomina gentilicia of magis
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6.5. Meddices of Minerva A unique i
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of Mefitis and Privati of Stabiae,
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Most of the coins with the legend a
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6.6.2. Silver and bronze coins from
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story, recorded in local traditions
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supposed confederation the members
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structures. 848 The known instituti
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they were probably filled by electi
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title. My investigation has led to
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emarkably wider than in the Greek w
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In chapters three to six, I have su
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Antonini, R., `Campani', Studi Etru
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Bonghi Jovino, M., La necopoliprero
Page 266 and 267:
Campanile, E., `Note sulla defixio
Page 268 and 269:
Cebeillac-Gervasoni M., 'Italia: Re
Page 270 and 271:
Crawford, M. H., Coinage and money
Page 272 and 273:
De Benedittis, G., 'Sannio (CB): pi
Page 274 and 275:
Di Niro, A., `Cercemaggiore-Gildone
Page 276 and 277:
Gabba, E., L'Italia romana (Como, 1
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Guzzo, P. G. 'L'identitä contradit
Page 280 and 281:
Joseph, B. D., 'Oscan slaagi-', Glo
Page 282 and 283:
Larsen, J. A. 0, Greek Federal Stat
Page 284 and 285:
Lloyd, J. A. Rathbone, D. W. À Cla
Page 286 and 287:
Mau, A., `Die oskischen Wegweiserin
Page 288 and 289:
Onorato, G. 0., `Pompei municipium
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italica, Atli del convegno della So
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Salerno', Nuceria Alfaterna e il su
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Sgobbo, I., `Gli Etruschi in Pompei
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Thomsen, R., The Italic Regions fro
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Maps 298
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zr Cl `>iyo N"i Q"_; Zö...........
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1r ý, 'ýý 1. ýý}: ýýý ýi l
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A ö 0 a a v a t 0 a 0 N t O CL n°
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Submitted for award of PhD September 2006. - King's College London

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