Submitted for award of PhD September 2006. - King's College London

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Contents Abstract ........................................................................................... Acknowledgements .............................................................................. List of maps ....................................................................................... Abbreviations ..................................................................................... 1. Introduction .................................................................................. 1.1. Contents of the thesis ............................................................. 1.2. History of scholarship ............................................................ 2. Highland Samnites .......................................................................... 2.1. Introduction ........................................................................ 2.2. Samnite states in history ......................................................... 2.2.1. Safin ....................................................................... 2.2.2. The Samnite Wars ....................................................... 2.2.3. The Second Punic War .................................................. 2.2.4. The Social War ........................................................... 2.2.5. Voting tribes and Augustan regions ................................... 2.2.6. Conclusions ............................................................... 2.3. Ancient sites ....................................................................... 2.3.1. Evidence and models ................................................... 2.3.2. Hill forts of the Samnites ............................................... 2.3.3. Settlement patterns ...................................................... 2.3.4. Sanctuaries ............................................................... 2.3.5. Conclusions .............................................................. 2 3 7 9 10 10 12 23 23 26 26 27 36 38 41 43 45 45 48 54 60 65 4
2.4. Administrative institutions ....................................................... 2.4.1. Touta and pagi .......................................................... 2.4.2. Meddix tuticus ........................................................... 2.4.3. Other offices .............................................................. 2.5. Social elite and Samnite leaders ................................................. 2.6. Conclusions ........................................................................ 3. Capua and the Campani ..................................................................... 3.1. Introduction ........................................................................ 3.2. Historical background ............................................................ 3.2.1. Foundation myths ....................................................... 3.2.2. The Samnite takeover ................................................. 3.2.3. The coming of Rome .................................................. 3.2.4. Territory ................................................................. 3.2.5. Campanian magistrates and assemblies in Roman literary sources ........................................................................... 3.3. Administrative institutions in the epigraphic evidence ........................ 116 3.4. The elite families of Capua ....................................................... 3.5. Conclusions: The supposed Campanian confederation ...................... 3.6. Appendix: the pagi of Roman Capua ............................................ 4. Cumae ...................................................................................... 4.1. Introduction ...................................................................... 4.2. The history and archaeology of Samnite Cumae ............................ 4.3. Samnite magistrates at Cumae ................................................. 4.4. The vereis ........................................................................ 4.5. Conclusions ...................................................................... 66 66 71 82 84 93 96 96 98 98 100 103 107 111 125 135 138 141 141 141 147 151 156 5
Page 1 and 2: Leadership among the Samnites and r
Page 3: Acknowledgements I am most thankful
Page 7 and 8: 6.6.1. Bronze coins with the legend
Page 9 and 10: Abbreviations Bu = Buck, C. D., A G
Page 11 and 12: Chapter 2 looks at what the account
Page 13 and 14: unification of Italy and the growth
Page 15 and 16: was qualified by the place-name of
Page 17 and 18: dictatorship of the Latin states. 1
Page 19 and 20: narrowed the meaning of touta down
Page 21 and 22: tuticus was consequently an urban o
Page 23 and 24: 2.1. Introduction Chapter 2. Highla
Page 25 and 26: century BC and the Social War. 53 F
Page 27 and 28: esurrected by the Pentri in second
Page 29 and 30: their country, the Romans decided t
Page 31 and 32: princeps. 77 The titles imperator a
Page 33 and 34: that he had captured Taurasia, Cisa
Page 35 and 36: that the Romans had rebuilt the des
Page 37 and 38: Beneventum, in the upper valleys of
Page 39 and 40: the name of the place to Italia. He
Page 41 and 42: 2.2.5. Voting tribes and Augustan r
Page 43 and 44: southernmost part of the fourth reg
Page 45 and 46: We must, however, ask whether the a
Page 47 and 48: dated to the end of the fourth or b
Page 49 and 50: heartland as being heavily fortifie
Page 51 and 52: Remains of buildings and associated
Page 53 and 54: were scattered over the area of the
Page 55 and 56:
the hill fort of Monte Pallano in t
Page 57 and 58:
the region. 183 Livy uses the term
Page 59 and 60:
and the Sangro valley. Aufidena was
Page 61 and 62:
Samnium, partly because the visible
Page 63 and 64:
Another surge in building activity
Page 65 and 66:
site was abandoned after the war. O
Page 67 and 68:
It is generally accepted that the w
Page 69 and 70:
Vestini and Paeligni. Some of the p
Page 71 and 72:
i still left with the question of w
Page 73 and 74:
three stamps in which the name of t
Page 75 and 76:
second Stabidinus is plausibly the
Page 77 and 78:
the first half of the second centur
Page 79 and 80:
pak(is). staiis. 1(üvkieis). m(edd
Page 81 and 82:
.ý -ý: ordered or approved by a c
Page 83 and 84:
pürtam. liis[eis az2 pü]d safinim
Page 85 and 86:
the Samnites during the Samnite and
Page 87 and 88:
Marcus Lamponius (App., B. C. 1.42.
Page 89 and 90:
Table 4: The Staii as meddices tuti
Page 91 and 92:
produced a magister for the Samnite
Page 93 and 94:
2.6. Conclusions Literary accounts
Page 95:
fort of Roccagloriosa and some hill
Page 98 and 99:
Although they suggest that the medd
Page 100 and 101:
Capua is preserved in Stephanus Byz
Page 102 and 103:
Samnites. 347 Dionysius's passage,
Page 104 and 105:
Campanian issues as well, thus sugg
Page 106 and 107:
BC, after the final defeat of the L
Page 108 and 109:
supervise the introduction of new r
Page 110 and 111:
settled in 334 BC. 379 But the Fale
Page 112 and 113:
Litemum and Puteoli in 194 BC; 392
Page 114 and 115:
Bantina, an Oscan constitution, is
Page 116 and 117:
undermined, however, by several fac
Page 118 and 119:
We have twenty-six iüvilas inscrip
Page 120 and 121:
same structure: the name or names o
Page 122 and 123:
[These three are the iüvilas] of P
Page 124 and 125:
inscriptions ST Cp 27,29, and 30, a
Page 126 and 127:
The inscription ST Cp 32 suggests t
Page 128 and 129:
ekluva[tiium] 2diuvia. [is] 3damu[s
Page 130 and 131:
ST Cp 19, Ve 93, Co 112, FdB 1, He
Page 132 and 133:
Sulpicius Rufus to be built at publ
Page 134 and 135:
Triphius Virrius, were probably put
Page 136 and 137:
Etruscan gens Ane. 486 Heurgon, cit
Page 138 and 139:
were established in the city, but t
Page 140 and 141:
The main source of information for
Page 142 and 143:
4.1. Introduction Chapter 4. Cumae
Page 144 and 145:
It is difficult to know where exact
Page 146 and 147:
earlier Greek agora, the later foru
Page 148 and 149:
still contained Greek elements. 533
Page 150 and 151:
Although Sgobbo's reading of the wo
Page 152 and 153:
own magistrates, but was represente
Page 154 and 155:
Modern interpretations of the expre
Page 156 and 157:
Rix's argument is unconvincing. Fir
Page 158 and 159:
Cumae and Pompeii. These cities, al
Page 160 and 161:
the name of the town. 566 Justin, w
Page 162 and 163:
Rome and Naples. 577 One may doubt,
Page 164 and 165:
Nola, Naples and Cumae in 216 BC 58
Page 166 and 167:
with the late period of the Hyrina
Page 168 and 169:
5.4.1. Magistrates at Nola and Abel
Page 170 and 171:
Romans held censuses every five yea
Page 172 and 173:
Pacius Calavius son of Pacius m. d.
Page 174 and 175:
written out in full. Rather, I thin
Page 176 and 177:
amnüd. puz. idik. sakara[klüm] in
Page 178 and 179:
Side B Lines 23-26: But the Nolans.
Page 180 and 181:
name and his office (all dative sin
Page 182 and 183:
a number of scholars, I do not beli
Page 184 and 185:
Out of the three gens names of the
Page 186 and 187:
towns. Literary sources mention dis
Page 188 and 189:
1. He argued that the expression r6
Page 190 and 191:
investigated whether this ethnic re
Page 192 and 193:
mentioned by Thucydides, who says t
Page 194 and 195:
the wars ended with the town being
Page 196 and 197:
and from the Labican' 684 Beloch no
Page 198 and 199:
fighting on several fronts, in Apul
Page 200 and 201:
admission, so they made their way t
Page 202 and 203:
loose federation of settlements he
Page 204 and 205:
Pompeianus and guaestor Pompeianus.
Page 206 and 207:
late third, early ST Po 1 Caratelli
Page 208 and 209:
v(iibis). püpidiis. v(iibieis). me
Page 210 and 211:
possibility is that they are the ow
Page 212 and 213:
fragmentary inscriptions, Ve 9 and
Page 214 and 215:
supply uninterrupted and to give ga
Page 216 and 217:
appears on the altar found in templ
Page 218 and 219:
6.3.5. Other institutions It is als
Page 220 and 221:
1. ST Po 34, Ve 23, Co 60, Bu 14, P
Page 222 and 223:
urubla[nu. ant. tiu]rri. 7mefira. f
Page 224 and 225:
meaning `goings'. He supposed that
Page 226 and 227:
the Latin noun fama, with the meani
Page 228 and 229:
4. ST Po 43, Ve 30b, Co 71, Zvetaie
Page 230 and 231:
since the programmata were not noti
Page 232 and 233:
quinquennalis or quaestor. Mommsen
Page 234 and 235:
makes sense only if they were votin
Page 236 and 237:
of the town. Maraeus Atranus son of
Page 238 and 239:
Numerous nomina gentilicia of magis
Page 240 and 241:
6.5. Meddices of Minerva A unique i
Page 242 and 243:
of Mefitis and Privati of Stabiae,
Page 244 and 245:
Most of the coins with the legend a
Page 246 and 247:
6.6.2. Silver and bronze coins from
Page 248 and 249:
story, recorded in local traditions
Page 250 and 251:
supposed confederation the members
Page 252 and 253:
structures. 848 The known instituti
Page 254 and 255:
they were probably filled by electi
Page 256 and 257:
title. My investigation has led to
Page 258 and 259:
emarkably wider than in the Greek w
Page 260 and 261:
In chapters three to six, I have su
Page 262 and 263:
Antonini, R., `Campani', Studi Etru
Page 264 and 265:
Bonghi Jovino, M., La necopoliprero
Page 266 and 267:
Campanile, E., `Note sulla defixio
Page 268 and 269:
Cebeillac-Gervasoni M., 'Italia: Re
Page 270 and 271:
Crawford, M. H., Coinage and money
Page 272 and 273:
De Benedittis, G., 'Sannio (CB): pi
Page 274 and 275:
Di Niro, A., `Cercemaggiore-Gildone
Page 276 and 277:
Gabba, E., L'Italia romana (Como, 1
Page 278 and 279:
Guzzo, P. G. 'L'identitä contradit
Page 280 and 281:
Joseph, B. D., 'Oscan slaagi-', Glo
Page 282 and 283:
Larsen, J. A. 0, Greek Federal Stat
Page 284 and 285:
Lloyd, J. A. Rathbone, D. W. `A Cla
Page 286 and 287:
Mau, A., `Die oskischen Wegweiserin
Page 288 and 289:
Onorato, G. 0., `Pompei municipium
Page 290 and 291:
italica, Atli del convegno della So
Page 292 and 293:
Salerno', Nuceria Alfaterna e il su
Page 294 and 295:
Sgobbo, I., `Gli Etruschi in Pompei
Page 296 and 297:
Thomsen, R., The Italic Regions fro
Page 298 and 299:
Maps 298
Page 300 and 301:
zr Cl `>iyo N"i Q"_; Zö...........
Page 302 and 303:
1r ý, 'ýý 1. ýý}: ýýý ýi l
Page 304:
A ö 0 a a v a t 0 a 0 N t O CL n°
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Submitted for award of PhD September 2006. - King's College London

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